Kan sursa

a — (konekti) 1) to (aim, direction) go a shop — go to the shop lai a dom — come home returni a janmalanda — return to one's native land a oli taraf — in/to all directions 2) to (dative case) a yu — to you a may amiga — to my friend shwo a swa — say to oneself me ve rakonti a yu om to — I'll tell you about that (cf. "versu") ---- aa — (exklami) ah, oh (an exclamation of understanding, recognition) Aa, es yu! – Ah, it's you! Aa, me samaji. — Oh, I see. Written with two letters for distinction from the conjunction "a" (but pronounced the same way) See also: ah ---- abat — (kwo) abbot ---- abisma — (kwo) abyss ---- abnegi — (zwo) abnegate, deny oneself; renounce lu abnegi-te fuming — he gave up smoking abnega — (kwo) abnegation, self-denial ---- aboli — (zwo) abolish abola — (kwo) abolishment ---- abrevi — (zwo) abbreviate (words); abridge (a book), curtail (a narrative) abreva — (kwo) abbreviation abrevi-ney — (kwel) abbreviated, abridged abrevi-nem (abrevem) — (komo) in abbreviated form abrevitura — (kwo) acronym ---- abrupte — (kwel) precipitous, abrupt; brusque; sudden, abrupt ---- absente — (kwel) absent, not present absensia — (kwo) absence ---- abses — (kwo) abscess ---- absolute — (kwel) absolute absolutem — (komo) absolutely absoluta — (kwo) (the) absolute ---- absorbi — (zwo) absorb Gunsa absorbi ta. — His work absorbed him. absorba — (kwo) absorption ---- abstrakti — (zwo) abstract abstrakta — (kwo) abstraction abstrakta-ney (abstrakte) — (kwel) abstract ---- absurde — (kwel) absurd absurda — (kwo) absurd absurditaa — (kwo) absurdity ---- abundante — (kwel) abundant abundantem — (komo) abundantly, amply, generously abundansia — (kwo) abundance ---- abyas — (kwo) habit, custom pa abyas — through habit hev abyas — to be accustomed, to be wont, to be in the habit of abyas-ney — (kwel) habitual abyas-nem — (komo) habitually (see also "pinchan") abyasi — (zwo) get accustomed/used (a koysa — to smth), get into the habit of mah koywan abyasi a koysa — to accustom smb to smth abyasi-ney (abyasen) — (kwel) accustomed, used (a koysa — to smth) abyasen a mushkila — accustomed to difficulties ---- acha — (kwo) axe ---- adapti — (zwo) adapt, adapt oneself adapta — (kwo) adaptation adapter — (kwo) adapter adaptibile — (kwel) adaptable adaptibilitaa — (kwo) adaptability ---- adar — (loko-komo) thither, there, that way bu go adar — don’t go there (Origin: a+dar) Syn.: dar ---- adi — (zwo) add ada — (kwo) addition adiwat — (kwo) additive, addition (smth added) adike — (kwel) additional (cf. “aditi”) ---- aditi — (zwo) add (math.), add up, tot up adita — (kwo) addition (math.) ---- administri — (zwo) administer (manage, conduct) administra — (kwo) administration (administering) administrasion — (kwo) administration (managers) ---- admiral — (kwo) admiral ---- admiri — (zwo) admire admira — (kwo) admiration admirival — (kwel) admirable admirer, admiri-sha — (kwo) admirer ---- admiti — (zwo) admit (grant entrance, whether into a place or into the mind) admita — (kwo) admission, admittance noadmitibile — (kwel) inadmissible ---- adopti — (zwo) adopt adopta — (kwo) adoption ---- adres — (kwo) address (location or its description) adresi — (zwo) address, accost adresing — (kwo) addressing, address (act) ---- adulte — (kwel) adult adulta — (kwo) adult adulto — (kwo) adult male adultina — (kwo) adult female ---- adyoo — (exklami) Goodbye! Adieu! shwo adyoo, fai adyoo – to say goodbye al fai adyoo — at parting (kwo) farewell ---- adyutanta — (kwo) aide de camp, adjutant ---- aflui — (zwo) flow towards, rush towards, stream towards afluisa — (kwo) flow, flood (of tide), rising tide; influx, inflow afluisa e defluisa — flow and ebb (Origin: a+flui) ---- afsos — (kwo) regret, pity pa afsos — regrettably, sadly, unfortunately afsosi — (zwo) regret, be sorry about afsos! — (exklami) alas! it is a pity! afsos-ney, afsosival — (kwel) regrettable, sad, unfortunate ---- afte — (konekti) after; in (at the end of) afte yu — after you afte to — after that un afte otre — one after another afte vidi — having seen afte tri dey — in three days afte un ora — in one hour aften — (taim-komo) afterwards, later on, subsequently Nu nadi ke aften ve ye meno gwer in munda. — We hope that afterwards (in future) there will be fewer wars in the world. Nu he diskusi se olo aften. — We have discussed this all later on. ---- aftechi — (zwo) eat with, eat smth after drinking Ta pi un glasakin vodka e aftechi bay marinaden gurka. — He had a glass of vodka with pickled cucumber. (Origin: afte+chi) ---- agenda — (kwo) agenda ---- agiti — (zwo) agitate (also to stir up public interest in a cause) agiti-ney (agiten) — (kwel) agitated, excited agita — (kwo) agitation (for the meaning “stirring up of public interest” one can use also “agitasion”) ---- agni — (kwo) fire agnibeda — fire (occurrence of fire in a certain place) agnibrigada — fire-brigade agninka — (kwo) spark fai agninka — (zwo) spark agni-ney — (kwel) aflame; fiery agnisi — (zwo) burn up, fire up; sear agni-luma — (kwo) blaze, glow agni-ston — (kwo) flint; gunflint ---- agra — (kwo) (ploughed) field, tillage agralanda — (kwo) countryside agralande — (kwel) rural agrajen — (kwo) peasant (also “kisan”) agrare — (kwel) agrarian ---- agravi — (zwo) aggravate (cf. “vexi”) agrava — (kwo) aggravation ---- agresi — (zwo) aggress; feel aggression agresa — (kwo) aggression agresive — (kwel) aggressive agreser — (kwo) aggressor ---- agude — (kwel) sharp, acute agudisi — (zwo) sharpen ---- ah — (exklami) ah (expresses strong emotions) fai ah — (zwo) gasp with surprise ---- ahaa — (exklami) aha ---- ahak — (kwo) lime ---- ahfi — (zwo) hide, conceal ahfi swa — hide oneself ahfi-geim — hide-and-seek ahfilok — (kwo) hiding-place ahfi-shem (ahfem) — (komo) hidingly, in a hiding way ahfishil — (kwel) reserved, reticent, secretive buahfi-ney (buahfen) — (kwel) unconcealed, undisguised ahfi-go — (zwo) slink, sneak, steal ahfi-kan — (zwo) peep, watch furtively ---- ahir — (loko-komo) hither, here, this way Lai ahir. — Come here. (Origin: a+hir) Syn.: hir ---- ahmak — (kwo) fool Syn.: stupida ---- ahuki — (zwo) hitch, hook, couple, link, catch May palto ahuki a naga e tori. — My coat caught on a nail and tore. ---- aida — (exklami) let's go, come along (invitation to go somewhere) Aida a riva! — Let’s go to the river! Aida fo yabla! — Let’s go to get some apples! ---- aika — (modus-komo) quite, rather aika hao — quite well ---- aira — (kwo) air aira kastela — castles in the air airaportu — (kwo) airport airameil — (kwo) airmail airisi — (zwo) aerate airavati — (zwo) air (expose to air) ---- ais — (kwo) ice ais-lenge — ice-cold ais-ney — (kwel) ice, icy, aiskrem — (kwo) ice cream aisifa — (kwo) icing up ---- aivi — (kwo) ivy ---- ajibe — (kwel) queer, weird, odd Syn.: strane, astoni-she, nopinchan ---- ajile — (kwel) agile, alert, brisk do peda ajile — swift-footed, light-footed do menta ajile — with agile mind, quick-witted ajilitaa — (kwo) agility, alertness, swiftness, legerity ajilisi — (zwo) brisk up ---- ajorni — (zwo) adjourn, put off, defer (cf. "deri") ajorna — (kwo) adjournment, postponement, reprieve ---- ajusti — (zwo) adjust, regulate, set ajusti kloka, ajusti radio — adjust the clock/watch, adjust the radio ---- akademia — (kwo) academy akademiayuan — (kwo) academician akademike — (kwel) academic ---- akauda — (kwo) the sign "@" (Origin: "a"+kauda) ---- akaunta — (kwo) account (a registry of pecuniary transactions; a subscription to a service) ---- aklami — (zwo) acclaim, praise enthusiastically, cheer aklama — (kwo) acclaim, acclamation ---- akompani — (zwo) accompany Ob yu akompani me a dom? – Will you see me home? akompana — (kwo) accompaniment ---- akorda — (kwo) chord (combination of pitches sounded simultaneously) ---- akre — (kwel) acrid, caustic, pungent ---- akseleri — (zwo) accelerate akselera — (kwo) acceleration Syn.: mah-kway, fa-kway ---- aksenta — (kwo) accent aksenti — (zwo) accent, accentuate See also: emfasi ---- aksepti — (zwo) accept aksepta — (kwo) acceptance aksepter — (kwo) acceptor ---- akses — (kwo) access aksesi — (zwo) access, have access to aksesibile — (kwel) accessible ---- aksham — (kwo) evening klok pet de aksham — (at) five o’clock in the evening sey aksham — this evening, tonight manya aksham — tomorrow evening akshamfan — (kwo) evening meal; supper ---- aksia — (kwo) share (finance) ---- aksidenta — (kwo) accident (in an ill sense), mishap aksidenta-ney (aksidente) — (kwel) accident-related ---- akti — (zwo) act akta — (kwo) act; action (smth done) fai akta fo/kontra koysa — take action for/against smth akting — (kwo) action (functioning; effect) aktive — (kwel) active aktivenesa — (kwo) activity (the state or quality of being active) aktivitaa — (kwo) activity aktivisi — (zwo) activate aktivisa — (kwo) activation aktivista — (kwo) activist ko-akti-sha — (kwo) accomplice ---- aktor — (kwo) actor aktoro — (kwo) male actor aktorina — (kwo) actress ---- aktuale — (kwel) topical, of current importance, actual ---- aktum — (kwo) act (theater; legal document) ---- akumuli — (zwo) accumulate akumula — (kwo) accumulation ---- akusi — (zwo) accuse, inculpate, charge with, indict akusa — (kwo) accusation ---- akwa — (kwo) water akwa-ney — (kwel) water; aqueous akwish — (kwel) watery ---- akwalwo — (kwo) waterfall (Origin: akwa+lwo) ---- akwarium — (kwo) aquarium ---- akwiri — (zwo) acquire akwira — (kwo) acquisition ---- al — (konekti) when doing smth, while, at, under (simultaneity, circumstances) al suryachu — at dawn al ke me kuki — while I’m cooking al bakdao — on the way back al klosi-ney dwar — behind closed doors, with doors closed al sey halat — under these circumstances al un-ney kansa — at first sight al shwo om se — when speaking about it «Hao», ela shwo al smaili. — «OK», she said smiling. al nau — currently, at the present moment ---- ala — (kwo) wing ---- alarma — (kwo) alarm aira-alarma — air-raid warning alarmi — (zwo) alarm alarmifi — (zwo) get alarmed, uneasy alarmi-ney — (kwel) alarmed ---- alauda — (kwo) lark, skylark ---- albatros — (kwo) albatross (sea bird) ---- album — (kwo) album ---- alee — (kwo) lane, walk, path (in a garden, park, etc., generally between rows of trees) ---- alegre — (kwel) merry; cheerful; lighthearted; lively alegritaa — (kwo) merriment; mirth; gaiety; liveliness ---- alfabet — (kwo) alphabet segun alfabet — alphabetically ---- alga — (kwo) alga(e): see-weed, kelp, dulse, etc. ---- algebra — (kwo) algebra ---- algoritma — (kwo) algorithm ---- aliansa — (kwo) alliance politike aliansa — political alliance alianser — (kwo) ally ---- alibi — (kwo) alibi ---- alif — (kwel) tame ---- aligi — (kwo) attach, append aligi fail a leta — attach a file to the letter (Origin: a+ligi) ---- alkali — (kwo) alkali alkali-ney — (kwel) alkaline ---- alkohol — (kwo) alcohol ---- almu — (kwo) alms ---- along — (konekti) along go along gata — go along the street along riva — along the river ---- also — (unisi) therefore, so, then; accordingly; consequently ---- altaimi — (zwo) update (Origin: al+taim+i) ---- alternative — (kwel) alternative alternativa — (kwo) alternative ---- alterni — (zwo) alternate, take turns alterna — (kwo) alternation alterni-yen, alternem — (komo) alternately, by turns ---- amasi — (zwo) knead ---- amator — (kwo) amateur amator-ney — (kwel) amateur ---- amaxi — (modus-komo) at most, not more than to ve duri amaxi un ora — that will last one hour at most ---- amba — (kwo) amber ---- ambi — (inplas-kwo, kwel) both Nu ambi pri sey kitaba. —We both like this book. Ambi sista pri plei kun doga. — Both sisters like to play with the dog. ---- ambigue — (kwel) ambiguous, equivocal ambiguitaa — (kwo) ambiguity ---- ambision — (kwo) ambition ambisionful — (kwel) ambitious, full of ambition ---- ambrela — (kwo) umbrella ---- ambulansia — (kwo) ambulance ---- ambush — (kwo) ambush fai ambush — make/lay an ambush ---- amen — (exklami) amen ---- Amerika — (kwo)America (continent) Amerika-ney — (kwel) American (of or pertaining to the Americas) Amerika-jen — (kwo) American (an inhabitant of the Americas; cf. “USA-jen”) Norde Amerika — North America ---- amerikan — (kwel, kwo) American (of or pertaining to the USA or the American culture; American man) fama-ney amerikan poeta — famous American poet ---- amiga — (kwo) friend amigo — (kwo) male friend amigina — (kwo) female friend amiga-ney (amige), amigalik — (kwel) amiable, affable, friendly amigitaa — (kwo) friendship, amity ---- amini — (modus-komo) at least to ve duri amini un ora — that will last one hour at least ---- amper — (kwo) ampere sto amper — 100 amperes shi mikroamper — 10 microamperes ---- amplituda — (kwo) amplitude ---- amusi — (zwo) amuse, entertain amusi swa — amuse oneself amusa — (kwo) amusement amusi-she — (kwel) amusing ---- an — (konekti) indicates object of action fai gola an koysa – take aim at smth darba an tabla – a strike on the table wuli an luna — howl at the moon kansa an dwar — a glance at the door lopi kun sikin an koywan — to run at someone with a knife ---- analis — (kwo) analysis analisi — (zwo) analize ---- analoge — (kwel) analogous analogem — (komo) analogously analoga — (kwo) analogue analogitaa — (kwo) analogy, analogousness ---- ananas — (kwo) pineapple ---- anar — (kwo) pomegranate (fruit) anarbaum — (kwo) pomegranate (tree) ---- anarkia — (kwo) anarchy anarkike — (kwo) anarchic anarkista — (kwo) anarchist ---- anatomia — (kwo) anatomy ---- anchun — (kwel) safe, secure anchuntaa — (kwo) safety, security ---- anekdot — (kwo) anecdote, joke, funny story ---- anglosaxon — (kwo, kwel) Anglo-Saxon ---- angula — (kwo) angle; corner agude angula — acute angle tupe angula — obtuse angle rekte angula — right angle triangula — triangle rektangula — rectangle turni angula — turn (round) the corner ---- animal — (kwo) animal ---- animi — (zwo) animate, endow with life; enliven, give animation to animi-ney — (kwel) animated anima — (kwo) animation shwo kun anima — speak with animation animasion — (kwo) animation ((making) cartoon) ---- anis — (kwo) anise ---- anjel — (kwo) angel anjellik — (kwel) angel-like, angelic ---- anka — (kwo) anchor fai anka — (zwo) anchor mah-lwo anka — cast/drop anchor ---- ankur — (kwo) sprout, shoot ankuri — (zwo) sprout, spring up ---- anonime — (kwel) anonymous ---- ansambla — (kwo) ensemble ---- anshi — (zwo) hint ansha — (kwo) hint ---- antena — (kwo) antenna ---- antilopa — (kwo) antelope ---- antonim — (kwo) antonym ---- antra — (kwo) gut antratot — (kwo) intestine ---- anubav — (kwo) experience anubav-ney jen — experienced person, man of experience anubavi — (zwo) experience (cf. "trajivi") ---- anunsi — (zwo) announce; give notice of anunsa — (kwo) announcement ---- anus — (kwo) anus ---- aparat — (kwo) apparatus ---- apari — (zwo) appear (come into existence; to become visible — cf. “sembli”) apara — (kwo) appearance ---- aparte — (kwel) separate, detached, apart (from others) apartem — (komo) apart apartem fon otres — apart from the others ---- apeli — (zwo) appeal (but not “to be attractive”) apela — (kwo) appeal ---- apena — (komo) hardly, scarcely, barely ---- apetit — (kwo) appetite ---- apliki — (zwo) apply (put on, upon, or to; put to or adapt for a special use; put into action) aplika — (kwo) application apliki-ney (apliken) — (kwel) applied apliken fisika — applied physics ---- aplodi — (zwo) applaud aploda — (kwo) applause, clapping ---- apoga — (kwo) support, prop, rest apogi — (zwo) prop, lean, rest apogi on tabla — lean agaist the table ---- april — (kwo) April (also mes-char) ---- aprobi — (zwo) approve, give approbation to aproba — (kwo) approbation ---- apropoo — (konekti-komo) apropos; by the way Apropoo, me haishi bu he lekti sey kitaba. — By the way, I have not yet read this book. Apropoo sey kitaba, it es ya muy interes-ney. — Apropos of this book, it is really interesting. ---- arabeska — (kwo) arabesque ---- arabi — (kwel, kwo) Arab; Arabic; Arabic language ---- aranji — (zwo) arrange (plan or prerare for; bring about or come to an agreement; settle) aranji mita — make an appointment aranja — (kwo) arrangement ---- arda — (kwo) earth ardagloba — (kwo) globe (the planet Earth) ---- ardanuta — (kwo) peanut (Origin: arda+nuta) ---- arena — (kwo) arena ---- arendi — (zwo) lease, rent, charter arenda — (kwo) lease arendaguan — (kwo) rental agency ---- aresti — (zwo) arrest, make a prisoner aresta — (kwo) arrest, custody ---- argenta — (kwo) silver ---- argumenta — (kwo) argument (statement put forth as proof, reason) ---- arhiduka — (kwo) archduke ---- arigatoo — (kwo) thanks, thank you Syn.: danke, shukran ---- arivi — (zwo) arrive (at destination, at a certain place) ariva — (kwo) arrival Ant.: departi ---- arka — (kwo) arc; arch (cf. “raduga”) ---- arkaike — (kwel) archaic ---- arkitekter — (kwo) architect arkitektura — (kwo) architecture ---- arku — (kwo) bow (weapon) Arkuman — (kwo) Sagittarius ---- arma — (kwo) weapon stal-arma — cold steel agni-arma — fire-arms armas — (kwo) arms, armament armisi — (zwo) arm armisa — (kwo) arming arma-dun — (kwo) loophole, embrasure ---- armee — (kwo) army armeeyuan — (kwo) military man, serviceman ---- aroma — (kwo) aroma aroma-herba — aromatic herbs aromaful — (kwel) full of aroma, aromatic, fragrant or sweet-smelling aromike — (kwel) aromatic (chem.) ---- arosi — (zwo) moisten, wet, water (with any liquid) aroser — (kwo) watering-pot ---- arpa — (kwo) harp ---- arsenal — (kwo) arsenal ---- arta — (kwo) art artista — (kwo) artist ---- artifisiale — (kwel) artificial (man-made; false; unnatural — cf. “jengun-ney”) ---- artikla — (kwo) article (a part of speech in some languages) (cf. “makala”) ---- artileria — (kwo) artillery ---- asada — (kwo) siege asadi — (zwo) siege, besiege ---- asembli — (zwo) assemble: collect, bring together (people, materials, etc.) asembla — (kwo) assemblage, assembly; meeting, gathering generale asembla — general meeting/assembly desasembli — (zwo) disassemble, take to pieces Syn.: jami ---- asendi — (zwo) go up, ascend, mount asendi sulam — mount a ladder/stairway avion oltaim asendi-te — the plane kept ascending prais asendi — prices come up asenda — (kwo) ascension Syn.: go uupar Ant.: desendi ---- aserti — (zwo) assert, aver, claim, state aserta — (kwo) assertion, claim, statement ---- asfalta — (kwo) asphalt ---- asilum — (kwo) asylum, sanctuary Syn.: refuja ---- asimili — (zwo) assimilate (physiol. and fig. — cf. "similisi") asimila — (kwo) assimilation ---- asimut — (kwo) azimuth ---- asla — (kwo) donkey, ass ---- aspekti — (zwo) look, appear aspekti fatigi-ney — look tired aspekta — (kwo) aspect, view, sight, look, appearance fai aspekta — pretend, affect, feign ---- aspiri — (zwo) aspire, desire eagerly, long for, aim at, seek after aspira — (kwo) aspiration, striving ---- asteroida — (kwo) asteroid (astron.) ---- astoni — (zwo) astonish, amaze fa-astoni — (zwo) be amazed, be astonished, marvel, wonder astoni-she, astonival — (kwel) astonishing, marvelous astoni-shem — (komo) astonishingly astoni-shem jamile gela — astonishingly beautiful girl astona — (kwo) amazement, astonishment ---- astronomia — (kwo) astronomy astronomier — (kwo) astronomer astronomike — (kwel) astronomical ---- ataki — (zwo) attack, assail, assault ataka — (kwo) attack, assault chu-ataka — (kwo) sally, sortie ---- atarafi — (kwo) move aside, draw aside; step aside (Origin: a+taraf+i) ---- ateni — (zwo) attain, reach, achieve ateni e sobrepasi — catch up and overtake lopi-ateni — catch up by running raki-ateni — catch up by car (or other vehicle) atena — (kwo) achievement, attainment, accomplishment ---- atenta — (kwo) attention fai nul atenta om koysa — pay no attention to smth atenti — (zwo) be attentive to, heed, mind, pay attention to atenta-ney (atente) — (kwel) attentive, alert atenta-nem (atentem) — (komo) attentively, closely, carefully. (cf. “chauke”) ---- atlas — (kwo) (anat., geog.) atlas ---- atletika — (kwo) athletics atletike — (kwel) athletic ---- atma — (kwo) soul atma-ney — (kwel) of soul dusatma-ney — (kwel) bad souled, base ---- atmosfera — (kwo) atmosphere ---- atom — (kwo) atom atom-ney — (kwel) atomic ---- atrakti — (zwo) attract atrakta — (kwo) attraction atraktive — (kwel) attractive ---- audi — (zwo) hear; listen Me bu audi nixa. — I don’t hear anything. Audi ba! — Listen! hao-audi-ke musika — a music that is good to hear bu-gwo-audi-ke — unheard-of auda — (kwo) hearing (auditory faculty) auding — (kwo) listening; audition audibile — (kwel) audible audike — (kwel) auditory, acoustic audibilitaa — (kwo) audibility audisens — (kwo) sense of hearing audimogsa — (kwo) hearing ability fa-audi — (zwo) be heard, be audible finaudi — (zwo) listen to the end auder — (kwo) (telephone) receiver See also: slu ---- audio — (kwo, kwel) audio rekordi audio — record audio ---- augusto — (kwo) August (also mes-ot) in augusto — in August ---- aur — (kwo) ear aurganda — (kwo) cerumen ---- aus — (konekti-komo) 1) out (of) (outward movement) pren kalam aus posh — take a pencil out of the pocket Lai aus! — Come out! 2) (made) of (material), out of botela aus glas — bottle made of glass, glass bottle Me he zwo palas aus shamba. — I made a palace out of the room. ausen — (konekti-komo) outside of, on the outside, beyond the limits of ausen dom — outside the house Me jivi ausen urba. — I live out of town. Sedey ye frosta ausen. — It freezes outdoors. Sey dwar bu ofni fon ausen, sol fon inen. — This door does not open from outside, only from within. ausen-ney — (kwel) outer, external ausenklaida — (kwo) overclothes ausen-taraf — (kwo) the outside ausen-munda — (kwo) the outer world ---- ausjivi — (zwo) survive, remain alive ausjiving — (kwo) survival, surviving ---- auskati — (zwo) cut out, carve out ---- auskavi — (zwo) dig out, dig up ---- auskupi — (zwo) redeem; ransom auskupa — (kwo) redemption, redeeming; ransom ---- auslanda — (kwo) foreign countries in auslanda — abroad auslanda-ney — (kwel) foreign, of foreign countries auslandajen, auslander — (kwo) foreigner, a person from a foreign country (cf. "gariba") ---- ausmorti — (zwo) die out, become extinct (Origin: aus+morti) ---- auspren — (zwo) take out, pull out, extract (Origin: aus+pren) ---- ausspiri — (zwo) exhale, breathe out ausspira — (kwo) exhalation, outward breath Ant.: inuspiri ---- ausyusi — (zwo) wear out ausyusa — (kwo) wear and tear (Origin: aus+yusi) ---- autentike — (kwel) authentic (genuine, real) autentikitaa — (kwo) authenticity ---- auto — (kwo) automobile, car, motor-car ---- automat — (kwo) automatic machine, automaton, automat automatike — (kwel) automatic automatikem — (komo) automatically automatisi — (zwo) automatize automatisa — (kwo) automatization ---- autor — (kwo) author ---- autoritaa — (kwo) authority (power to influence or persuade resulting from knowledge or experience — cf. "mahta") ---- autostop — (kwo) hitch-hiking fai autostop — hitch-hike ---- avan — (komo) forward, ahead (in space or time) Avan, sempre avan! — Forward, always forward! Kan avan, bu kan bak. — Look forward, don't look back. Go avan, bu turni. — Go ahead, don't turn. Treba mah kloka un ora avan. — One should set the clock one hour ahead. avanen — (konekti-komo) ahead (of) (at what place?) avanen oli — ahead of everybody avanen kolona — ahead of the column Lu es yo dalem avanen. — He is already far ahead. May kloka es pet minuta avanen. — My watch is 5 minutes fast. ---- avane — (kwel) front, fore avanpatas — forelegs avana — (kwo) front, facing side (also “avantaraf”) ---- avanpasi — (zwo) pass ahead of, outstrip ---- avansi — (zwo) advance, go forward; further, promote avansa — (kwo) advance, advancement ---- avantaja — (kwo) advantage ---- avare — (kwel) avaricious, miserly, greedy avaritaa — (kwo) avarice, greed avarnik — (kwo) miser, niggard ---- aventura — (kwo) adventure ---- avenu — (kwo) avenue (broad street) ---- avide — (kwel) greedy, avid aviditaa — (kwo) greed, avidity avida (avido, avidina) — (kwo) greedy person ---- avion — (kwo) airplane ---- avos — (komo) hopefully, maybe, perhaps, with luck we may pa avos — on the off-chance, at random, in a hit-or-miss fashion ---- axa — (kwo) axis, axle axike — (kwel) axial ---- ay — (exklami) ouch ---- azure — (kwel) azure ---- ba — gramatika marks imperative Nu go ba! — Let us go! Manya yu hev skola. Tayari ba yur leson! — Tomorrow you have classes. Prepare your lesson! Ta lai ba! — Let him come! (cf. "hay") ---- badal — (kwo) cloud gro-badal — big cloud swate badal — black cloud badal-ney dey — cloudy day ---- bade — (kwel) bad; evil (cf. “dushte”) bu bade — not bad baditaa — (kwo) evil lucha de haotaa e baditaa — struggle of the good and the evil badifi (fa-bade) — (zwo) become worse, deteriorate ---- bagaja — (kwo) luggage ---- bagula — (kwo) heron ---- bahana — (kwo) pretext, excuse bahani — (zwo) pretext bahani-yen ke — under the pretext of ---- bahmal — (kwo) velvet ---- bait — (kwo) byte ---- baji — (zwo) ring, resound; play (a musical instrument); strike (about the clock) baji pa dwar — ring at the door Hu-ney fon zai baji? — Whose phone is ringing? baji piano — play piano baji gana pa gitara — play a song on the guitar baja — (kwo) ring, ringing Me audi-te baja pa dwar. — I heard a ring at the door. bajika — (kwo) doorbell, buzzer ---- bak — (komo) 1) back (in space or time), backwards Go avan, bu go bak. — Go ahead, don't go back. Mata wud yao ke suy kindas lai bak a ela. — The mother would like her children to come back to her. Gai pon bak olo ke yu pren. — You should put back everything that you take. al bakdao — on the way back bakmuvi — move back dai bak — give back Treba mah kloka un ora bak. — One should set the clock one hour back. 2) ago dwa yar bak — two years ago Gro-longtaim bak ye rega. — Once upon a time (long ago) there lived a king. baken — (konekti-komo) behind (at what place?) baken dom — behind the house Me bu vidi surya nau: it es baken badal. — Now I don't see the sun: it is behind the cloud. Wen me lai a shulin, me bu dumi om problema. Me lyu li oli baken in urba. — When coming to the forest, I do not think about problems. I leave them all behind in the town. May kloka es pet minuta baken. — My watch is 5 minutes slow. fon baken dom — from behind the house ---- bakak — (kwo) frog ---- bake — (kwel) rear, back, hind bakpatas — hind legs baka — (kwo) the back (back side, reverse side, or area behind) (also “baktaraf”) ---- bakra — (kwo) goat gin-bakra (bakrina) — female goat man-bakra (bakro) — male goat ---- bakshish — (kwo) baksheesh ---- bakteria — (kwo) bacterium ---- bal — (kwo) ball (dance) ---- balada — (kwo) ballad ---- balansa — (kwo) balance, equilibrium (cf. "vaka") balansi — (zwo) balance, maintain equilibrium; counterpoise, counterbalance balansing — (kwo) equilibration, balancing balansi-ney (balansen) — (kwel) balanced ---- balbati — (zwo) gurgle ruchey balbati — brook gurgles ---- baldakin — (kwo) baldaquin ---- balena — (kwo) whale ---- balet — (kwo) ballet ---- balja — (kwo) bulge balji — (zwo) bulge ---- balka — (kwo) log, beam; rafter, balk balka-dom — loghouse ---- balkon — (kwo) balcony ---- balon — (kwo) balloon ---- balsam — (kwo) balsam, balm ---- bambu — (kwo) bamboo ---- banana — (kwo) banana bananaplanta — (kwo) banana-plant ---- banda — (kwo) 1) band (strip; a part of spectrum); ribbon; 2) band (group) banda de frekwensa — frequency band ---- bandaja — (kwo) bandage bandaji — (zwo) bandage ---- bandana — (kwo) bandana ---- bandita — (kwo) bandit ---- banduk — (kwo) rifle ---- bangi — (zwo) burst ---- bani — (zwo) bathe bani swa — bathe oneself baning — (kwo) bath (bathing) banidom (baniguan) — (kwo) bath-house, baths banishamba — (kwo) bathroom banipen — bathtub ---- banka — (kwo) bank (financial institution) banker — (kwo) banker bankayuan — (kwo) bank clerk ---- banket — (kwo) banquet (ceremonial dinner) ---- bao — (kwo) bag beybao — (kwo) rucksack handabao — (kwo) handbag ---- baobaba — (kwo) baobab ---- bar — (kwo) bar (pub, tavern) ---- barak — (kwo) barrack ---- barana — (kwo) fence ---- barba — (kwo) beard barba-ney man — bearded man ---- barbare — (kwel) barbarian, barbarous barbara — (kwo) barbarian barbaritaa — (kwo) barbarism; barbarity ---- barela — (kwo) barrel barelakin — (kwo) keg, small barrel / cask ---- bari — (zwo) bar, block, obstruct daobarika — (kwo) road barrier barilok — (kwo) enclosured place ---- bariera — (kwo) barrier ---- barometra — (kwo) barometer ---- baron — (kwo) baron / baroness barono — (kwo) baron baronina — (kwo) baroness ---- barsuk — (kwo) badger ---- bartan — (kwo) household vessel; tableware woshi bartan — wash the dishes bartanlemar — (kwo) dresser (cupboard or set of shelves for dishes or kitchen utensils) ---- barut — (kwo) gunpowder barut-depo — powder magazine ---- basa — (kwo) base basi — (zwo) base basike — (kwel) basic basikem — (komo) basically sinbasa-ney — (kwel) groundless, unfounded ---- basar — (kwo) market, marketplace, bazaar; fair basar-ekonomia — market economy basar-teatra — a fair theatre ---- bashan — (kwo) speech (oration) bashani — (zwo) orate, give a speech ---- basina — (kwo) basin (geog., geol.) ---- basketa — (kwo) basket basketabol — (kwo) basketball ---- basta — (komo) enough nu hev basta pan — we have enough bread sauna bu es haishi basta garme — it is not yet hot enough in the sauna (exklami) that will do! enough! Basta! Me bu yao audi nixa om to. — Enough of that! I do not want to hear anything about it. See also: sufi-shem ---- baston — (kwo) staff, stick; crosier ---- basu — (kwo) bass (low sound) shwo pa basu — speak/say in low voice basu-ney — (kwel) bass basu-ney vos — bass voice ---- bat — (unisi) but Me hev kitaba bat me bu yao lekti. — I have the book but I don't want to read. ---- batali — (zwo) fight, battle batala — (kwo) fight, battle handa-batala — hand-to-hand fighting batalakin — (kwo) skirmish ---- batalion — (kwo) battalion ---- bataria — (kwo) battery ---- batata — (kwo) sweet potato ---- bati — (zwo) beat (hit or strike repeatedly) bater — (kwo) bat (club); beater (cf. “darbi”) ---- baum — (kwo) tree ---- bavul — (kwo) suitcase ---- bay — (konekti) 1) by, with, by means of (a means or tool) skribi bay kalam — write with a pencil lai bay avion — come by airplane bay forsa — by force bay to ke yu zwo — by what you do ofensi bay bu shwo danke — to offend by not thanking 2) by (doer or author) se es zwo-ney bay me — this is done by me kitaba bay Mark Twen — book by Mark Twain ---- baya — (kwo) bay (nautical) ---- bayonet — (kwo) bayonet ---- bebi — (kwo) baby bebi gari — perambulator, baby carriage ---- beda — (kwo) misfortune, distress, trouble, disaster (cf. "disasta") ---- bedlam — (kwo) bedlam ---- beduin — (kwo) bedouin ---- begin — (zwo) begin, commence Nu begin ba! — Let’s begin! beginsa — (kwo) beginning in beginsa — at the beginning beginsa-ney — (kwel) initial, original ribegin — (zwo) recommence Syn.: starti ---- beje — (kwel) beige ---- bekon — (kwo) bacon ---- belka — (kwo) squirrel ---- belta — (kwo) belt (band) piga belta — leather belt ---- bencha — (kwo) bench; pew ---- bensin — (kwo) benzine, petrol, gasoline ---- bereta — (kwo) beret ---- beri — (kwo) berry ---- berna — (kwo) bear ---- bes — (kwo) devil (as a half-animal creature, not Satan, not the chief one) See also: diabla ---- besbol — (kwo) baseball ---- bestia — (kwo) beast bestialik — (kwel) bestial, brutish Syn.: animal ---- beton — (kwo) concrete (building material) ---- bey — (kwo) back (the rear of body); backrest stula bey — back of chair stan al bey versu koywan — stand with one's back to smb beybao — (kwo) rucksack ---- Bharat — India (also "India") ---- bi — (zwo) be (is — es, was — bin, will be — ve bi) Gai bi honeste. — One should be honest. Bi hao! — 1) You are welcome! (a reply to thanking); 2) Bless you! (after smb's sneezing); 3) Good luck! (when parting) bia — (kwo) being ---- bichi — (zwo) despise, disdain, disparage, scorn bicha — (kwo) contempt, scorn, disdain ---- bifoo — (konekti) before (in space or time) bifoo dom — before the house bifoo festa — before the holiday bifoo ke lu en-somni — before he fell asleep bifoo olo — first of all Woshi handas bifoo chifan! — Wash your hands before eating! En-stan ba bifoo me. — Stand up before me! bifoo-ney — (kwel) former, previous, one-time pa bifoo-ney taim — once, in former times bifooen — (taim-komo) formerly, previously, before Laojen oftem shwo ke bifooen olo bin pyu hao kem nau. — Old people often say that formerly everything was better than now. Bifooen nu jivi in otre urba. — Previously we lived in another town. pa bifooen — in advance, beforehand ---- biftek — (kwo) beefsteak ---- bigari — (zwo) spoil bigara — (kwo) spoiling, spoilage ---- bigudi — (kwo) hair-roller ---- bik — (kwo) beak biki — (zwo) peck bika — (kwo) peck biking — (kwo) pecking ---- bikam — (zwo) become Ob yu yao bikam leker? — Do you want to become a physician? Lu bikam-te fama-ney kway. — He quickly became famous. Sun ela bikam mata. — She will become a mother soon. ---- bikini — (kwo) bikini ---- bikos — (unisi) because ---- bil — (kwo) bill, invoice ---- bildi — (zwo) build bildi dom — build a house bilda, bilding — (kwo) building (act) bildura — (kwo) building (structure) bildilok — (kwo) building site ---- bileta — (kwo) ticket ---- biliar — (kwo) billiards ---- bilion — (kwo) trillion, a million millions, 1012 ---- bin — was, were (past tense from "bi") Me bin dar pluri ves. — I have been there several times. ---- biologia — (kwo) biology biologike — (kwel) biological biologier — (kwo) biologist ---- bira — (kwo) beer biraguan — (kwo) beerhouse ---- birka — (kwo) birch ---- bisikla — (kwo) bicycle (also "baik") ---- biskwit — (kwo) biscuit, cookie ---- bisnes — (kwo) business (commercial activity) ---- bit — (kwo) bit (computing) ---- bitum — (kwo) bitumen ---- blada — (kwo) blade (of a knife, sword; of an oar, propeller) dwa-blada-ney arma — double-edged weapon ---- blage — (kwel) blessed, connected with God's grace; beneficial blagitaa — (kwo) grace (religion); beneficence ---- blami — (zwo) blame, condemn, censure blama — (kwo) blame, censure (cf. "shatami") ---- blan — (kwel) white blantaa — whiteness ---- blesi — (zwo) bless blesa — (kwo) blessing, benediction ---- bli — (konekti-komo) near, nearby, beside, close to bli may dom — near my house bli klok char — around 4 o'clock Ela zai sidi-te bli. — She was sitting beside. bli-ney — (kwel) near, nearby, neighbouring See also: sirke ---- blik — (kwo) catchlight, flare (reflection of light) ---- blin — (kwo) pancake ---- blinde — (kwel) blind blinditaa — (kwo) blindness blinda — (kwo) a blind person blindisi — (zwo) blind; dazzle blindisi-she — (kwel) blinding ---- blise — (kwel) close, near, nearby blisem — (komo) closely blisitaa — (kwo) closeness, nearness, proximity; affinity blisejen — (kwo) one’s near and dear blislok — hereabouts blisifi (fa-blise) — (zwo) approach, come closer blisifi a koysa — approach smth, come close to smth blisisi (mah-blise) — (zwo) draw/bring nearer blisi — (zwo) approach/bring nearer ---- bliza — (kwo) lightning ---- blog — (kwo) blog ---- blok — (kwo) block; unit (a part of a mechanism) ---- bloki — (zwo) block, blockade fa-bloki — (zwo) become blocked; get stuck debloki — (zwo) unblock, deblock ---- blu — (kwel) blue blutaa — (kwo) blue klarblu — (kwel) light blue, sky blue ---- blusa — (kwo) blouse ---- boa — (kwo) boa ---- bobina — (kwo) bobbin, spool, reel ---- bobra — (kwo) beaver ---- boh — (kwo) god bohina — (kwo) goddess boh-ney, bohlik — (kwel) divine bohmata — (kwo) mother of god boh-blama — (kwo) blasphemy fai boh-blama — commit blasphemy ---- bol — (kwo) ball snegabol — (kwo) snowball bolkalam — (kwo) ballpoint pen ---- bolta — (kwo) bolt (metal fastener) ---- bomba — (kwo) bomb bombi — (zwo) bomb, bombard bombing — (kwo) bombardment, bombing bombiavion, bomber — (kwo) bomber (aircraft) bombi-sha — (kwo) bomber (person) ---- bona — (kwo) bean ---- bonbon — (kwo) bonbon, candy, sweet ---- borda — (kwo) border (outer edge; frontier), brink; edge; board (of ship) pa borda de abisma — at the brink of the abyss bay pamaborda — with edge of one’s hand lingwa borda inter jenmin — language borders between peoples stata borda — the state border fule til borda — full to the brim bordi — (zwo) border (on), adjoin bordi-she — (kwel) adjoining, next, adjacent ---- bori — (zwo) bore, drill boring — (kwo) boring borer, boritul — (kwo) borer (tool) trabori — (zwo) drill through, perforate ---- borsta — (kwo) bristle, stubble borsti — (zwo) bristle ---- borya — (kwo) woven mat ---- bota — (kwo) boat botajen — (kwo) boatman ---- botela — (kwo) bottle ---- boxa — (kwo) box (container) ---- boxi — (zwo) box (strike with fists) boxing — (kwo) boxing boxer — (kwo) boxer ---- boy — (kwo) boy ---- boyar — (kwo) boyar(d) boyarina — (kwo) boyarynia, boyar’s wife ---- bracha — (kwo) arm ---- brai — (zwo) roar, bellow braisa — (kwo) roar, bellow ---- brancha — (kwo) branch ---- brandi — (kwo) brandy ---- brash — (kwo) brush (tool) brashi — (zwo) brush brashing — (kwo) brushing ---- brata — (kwo) brother bratalik — (kwel) brotherly May ko-bratas do kalam. — My co-brethren of the quill. ---- bratason — (kwo) nephew (brother's son) (Origin: brata+son) ---- brave — (kwel) brave, gallant, stalwart, dashing bravnik — (kwo) bold fellow, daring fellow, dare-devil ---- bravo — (exklami) bravo Bravo gro! — Bravissimo! ---- brecha — (kwo) breach (opening, gap, tear, rupture) ---- brein — (kwo) brain ---- brek — (kwo) brake breki — (zwo) brake, apply a brake breking — (kwo) braking ---- breve — (kwel) brief, concise brevem — (komo) briefly, in a few words ---- brida — (kwo) bridle bridi — (zwo) bridle nobridi-ney — (kwel) unbridled, unruly nobridibile — (kwel) indomitable ---- brig — (kwo) brig ---- brigada — (kwo) brigade agnibrigada — fire-brigade ---- brij — (kwo) bridge (card game) ---- brik — (kwo) brick ---- brili — (zwo) shine, glitter, glow brili-she — (kwel) brilliant, shining, shiny brila — (kwo) shining, glitter, brilliance brilika — (kwo) spangle debrilifi — (zwo) lose its lustre, grow dim ---- briliante — (kwel) brilliant (glorious, superb, wonderful) Syn.: gro-hao, magnifike ---- bringi — (zwo) bring go bringi koysa — go to fetch smth lopi bringi koysa — run for smth, run to fetch smth ---- brisa — (kwo) breeze (of wind) ---- brova — (kwo) eye-brow, brow ---- bru — (zwo) brew (prepare liquor) bruing — (kwo) brewing ---- brum — (kwo) broom brumi — (zwo) sweep (with a broom) bruming — (kwo) sweeping ---- brun — (kwel) brown ---- brutale — (kwel) brutal brutalitaa — (kwo) brutality Syn.: kruele (cruel), ferose (fierce, ferocious) ---- bu — (syao-gramatika) not (negation) Me bu yao go adar. — I don't want to go there. Tak, bu kontra-nem. — So, not otherwise. Se es buevitibile. — This is inevitable. Bu go adar! — Don't go there! See also: non, bye ---- Buda — (kwo) Buddha budisma — (kwo) Buddhism ---- bufal — (kwo) buffalo ---- bufeta — (kwo) buffet (a counter or sideboard from which food and drink are served or may be bought) ---- bugundey — (kwo) day free from work, day off, rest-day (Origin: bu+gun+dey) ---- buhao — (kwel, komo) not good, bad; badly sta buhao — feel unwell (Origin: bu+hao) ---- bujeta — (kwo) budget ---- buketa — (kwo) bouquet (bunch of flowers; specific scent) ---- bulba — (kwo) bulb ---- bulbul — (kwo) nightingale ---- bulevar — (kwo) boulevard ---- buli — (zwo) boil buli-she akwa — boiling water buli-ney milka — boiled milk buling — (kwo) boiling ---- bulyon — (kwo) broth, bouillon ---- bumbar — (kwo) bumblebee ---- bunte — (kwel) variegated, many-coloured, motley ---- bure — (kwel) gray-brown ---- burjua — (kwo) bourgeois burjua-ney — (kwel) bourgeois ---- burnus — (kwo) burnous ---- burokratia — (kwo) bureaucracy burokratike — (kwel) bureaucratic ---- buroo — (kwo) bureau ---- bursa — (kwo) exchange (a place for trading, such as a stock exchange) ---- bus — (kwo) bus (coach) bus-stopika — (kwo) bus stop busyuan — (kwo) ticket collector (in bus) ---- bush — (kwo) bush, shrub ---- bushel — (kwo) bushel (unit of volume) ---- busta — (kwo) bust (head and shoulders of body; woman's bosom) ---- buta — (kwo) boot tasmi (fai) butas — lace up one’s boots gaobuta — (kwo) high boot rolibutas — (kwo) roller skates/blades ---- buton — (kwo) button (fastener; device meant to be pressed; bud) florbuton — flower bud presi buton — press the button buton de jaketa — button of jacket mausbuton — a mouse button butoni — (zwo) button butondun — (kwo) buttonhole ---- buy — (kwo) buoy ---- bye — (gramatika) negative imperative particle Bye go adar! — Don't go there! Boh bye lasi! — God forbid! Syn.: bu, bu...ba ---- byen — (kwel) convenient; comfortable; handy, easy-to use; opportune es muy byen — it's very opportune, it comes in handy nobyen-taim-ney — ill-timed byentaa — (kwo) convenience; ease, handiness flat do oli byentaa — apartment with all conveniences ---- chabi — (zwo) chew chabing — (kwo) chewing, mastication chabiguma, chabika — (kwo) chewing gum ---- chapa — (kwo) hoe, mattock ---- chapta — (kwo) chapter (section in a book) ---- char — (kwanto) four (4) charfen un charfen — one forth tri charfen — three fourths charfen, charfenka — (kwo) quarter charple — (kwel) quadruple charshi — forty charsto — four hundred char-ney — the fourth char-nem — fourthly ---- chardi — (kwo) Thursday ---- charma — (kwo) charm (appeal, attraction — cf. "jadu", "talisman") charmi — (zwo) charm (seduce, fascinate) charmaful — (kwel) charming ---- chati — (zwo) chat, babble, chatter chata — (kwo) chat, babble, chatter ---- chauki — (zwo) beware (of), be on one’s guard against, take care chauki doga! — beware of dogs! chauka — (kwo) caution, wariness, vigilance, alertness chauka-stepa — precautionary measures chauka-ney (chauke) — (kwel) cautious, watchful, wary, vigilant, alert chauka-nem (chaukem) — (komo) cautiously, warily, vigilantly buchauke — (kwel) incautious, imprudent nochauke — (kwel) foolhardy, reckless, desperate ---- chaure — (kwel) wide, broad chaurem — (komo) broadly, widely, wide chauritaa — (kwo) breadth, width chaurifi (fa-chaure) — (zwo) widen (become wide or wider), broaden chaurisi (mah-chaure) — (zwo) widen (make wide or wider), broaden chauri — (zwo) widen (tr./intr.) ---- chay — (kwo) tea chayguan — (kwo) tea room, tea house chayvati — (zwo) tea chayvati koywan — to take smb to tea ---- chek — (kwo) cheque, (bank-) check, receipt (written acknowledgement) ---- cheki — (zwo) check (verify; inspect) cheka — (kwo) check (inspection; verifying) ---- cherpi — (zwo) draw liquids, scoop (out); (fig.) to take, borrow cherpika — (kwo) scoop ---- chi — (zwo) eat chi masu — eat meat hao-chi-ke fan — a tasty food chi sabahfan — have breakfast chi deyfan — have a midday meal chi akshamfan — have evening meal/supper chibile — (kwel) edible chia — (kwo) eating syao chia — snack chiwat — (kwo) eats, food chifan — (zwo) meal, have a meal chifanshamba — dining room chifansa — (kwo) meal mah-chi — (zwo) feed jen-chier — (kwo) cannibal, man-eater chitul — (kwo) eating tool (e.g. fork, spoon, knife, chopsticks) ---- chibuk — (kwo) chin ---- chihi — (zwo) sneeze chiha — (kwo) sneeze laute ek-chiha — a violent sneeze chihing — (kwo) sneezing; catarrh mah-chihi-she — (kwel) sternutatory ---- chinara — (kwo) plane (tree of the genus Platanus) ---- chipe — (kwel) cheap chipenesa — (kwo) cheapness, low prices Ant.: guy ---- chiriki — (zwo) twitter, chirp chiriking — (kwo) twitter, chirp, chirping ---- chitan — (kwo) pond ---- chiza — (kwo) spoon chaychiza — (kwo) teaspoon ---- chokolat — (kwo) chocolate ---- chori — (zwo) steal, thieve bechori koywan — to rob smb chora — (kwo) theft chori-sha, chorer — (kwo) thief chorishil — (kwel) thievish ---- Chosen — (kwo) North Korea ---- chou — (kwel) stinking, foul, fetid ---- chu — (zwo) go out, leave, exit; issue (from); ooze out; come out, be issued lu chu shamba — he left the room sudor chu on luy fas — the sweat stood out on his face chu dwar — go out of the door chusa — (kwo) going out, leaving, withdrawal; exit, way out; outlet chudao — (kwo) way out otre chudao yok — there is no other way out chudwar — (kwo) exit door chuwat — (kwo) issue (smth issued) mah-chu — (zwo) issue (smth); utter ta mah-chu un strane suon — she uttered a strange sound ---- chuf — (kwo) tuft (cluster of elongated strands, as of yarn, hair, or grass) ---- chukanda — (kwo) beet, beetroot chukandasup — (kwo) beet soup, borscht ---- chunauta — (kwo) challenge, defiance chunauta-ney (chunaute) — (kwo) defiant chunauta-nem (chunautem) — (kwo) defiantly ---- chuyshu — (zwo) boast, brag chuyshu-ke, chuyshushil — (kwel) boastful, vainglorious ---- chyen — (kwel) shallow chyenlok — (kwo) ford, wade; shoal, sandbank ---- dabe — (unisi) in order to, in order that, so that Me shwo a yu dabe yu mog samaji me. — I speak to you in order that you can understand me. ---- dacha — (kwo) dacha, summer house ---- dadu — (kwo) bet, wager fai dadu — (zwo) bet, wager fai dadu kun koywan— bet with smb fai dadu om koysa — make a bet about smth fai dadu pa shi dolar — make a bet of 10 dollars ---- dafni — (zwo) inter, bury dafna — (kwo) interment, burial, funeral ---- dafta — (kwo) exercise book, notebook ---- dai — (zwo) give daisa — (kwo) giving dai bak — (zwo) give back ---- daklis — (kwo) threshold ---- dale — (kwel) far, distant, remote dalem — (komo) afar fon dalem — from afar dalitaa — (kwo) distance (a considerable amount of space), expanse, remoteness fa-dale (dalifi) — (zwo) become more remote mah-dale (dalisi) — (zwo) distance, move away from ---- dalta — (kwo) chisel ---- dalwa — (kwo) bucket, pail ---- dam — (kwo) dam, dike ---- dama — (kwo) married or widowed woman; dame; lady; (in cards, chess, checkers) a queen ---- damaja — (kwo) damage damaji — (zwo) damage ---- damay — (kwo) barley ---- damni — (zwo) damn (cf. "shatami") damna — (kwo) damnation ---- dan1 — (taim-komo) 1) then (at that time) Dan me bin haishi yunge. — I was still young then. depos dan — since then dan-ney — (kwel) then, of that time 2) then (in that case) si...dan... — if...then... See also: poy ---- dan2 — (syao) suffix for container chaydan — (kwo) teapot nayudan — (kwo) butterdish milkadan — (kwo) milk can flordan — (kwo) flowerpot kalamdan — (kwo) pencil-box kahwa-dan — (kwo) coffee-pot manidan — (kwo) wallet ---- dandi — (kwo) dandy, fop dandivati — (zwo) behave foppishly ---- danja — (kwo) danger, peril danja-ney, danjaful — (kwel) dangerous, perilous ---- dank a — (konekti) thanks to, owing to dank a lu — thanks to him dank a to ke yu he zwo — thanks to what you have done ---- danke — (exklami) thank you, thanks Danke! - Es nixa. Bi hao! — Thank you! - Don't mention it. You are welcome! Danke gro! — Thank you very much! danki — (zwo) thank me danki yu por helpi — I thank you for your help danka — (kwo) gratitude dankaful — (kwel) thankful, grateful ---- dansa — (kwo) dance dansi — (zwo) dance danser — (kwo) dancer dansilok — (kwo) dance floor, dance hall ---- dao — (kwo) way (path; method) sirkum-dao — roundabout way pa sey dao — by this way pa nul dao — in no way, by no means Milkadao — Milky way daojen — (kwo) wayfarer, traveller; wanderer daokin — (kwo) path (trail), pathway daokrosa — (kwo) crossroads, crossing ---- dar — (loko-komo) there May sista es dar. — My sister is there. Dar es garme. — It's hot there. Bu go dar! — Don't go there! See also: adar, hir ---- darbi — (zwo) strike (hit) darba — (kwo) blow, stroke ---- darfi — (sta) have permission, be allowed, (one) may Lu darfi gun kom leker. — He is allowed to work as a doctor. Me darfi zin ku? — May I come in? bu darfi — is not allowed hir bu darfi fumi — smoking is not allowed here ---- dashat — (kwo) horror, terror dashatfilma — thriller, horror film dashat-ney — (kwel) awful, frightful, dreadful (Syn.: terible) dashati — (zwo) dread, be terrified/horrified dashatisi — (zwo) terrify, horrify ---- dashi — (kwo) ambassador dashiguan — (kwo) embassy ---- dasin — (kwo) virtue (moral excellence, an example or kind of it — cf. "merita") dasin-ney — (kwel) virtuous ---- dasta — (kwo) detachment, party avan-dasta — advanced detachment, vanguard ---- data — (kwo) data ---- datsan — (kwo) datsan (Buddhist monastery) ---- datum — (kwo) date (day, month and year) ---- dave — (kwel) bygone, distant in time, ancient, old davem — (komo) long ago yo fon davem — long since, for a long time nodave — (kwel) recent nodavem — (komo) recently, not long ago, lately ---- de — (konekti) 1) of (genitive) kitaba de toy boy — the book of that boy jamilitaa de munda — beauty of the world lingwa de planeta — language of the planet raita de elekti e gei elekti — the right to elect and be elected 2) of (partialness — optional) un pes (de) sukra — a piece of sugar tasa (de) chay — a cup of tea ---- de(s) — (syao) "opposite action" ("des" if before a vowel) desharji — discharge delodi — unload desorganisi — disorganize ---- deba — (kwo) debt, duty (obligation) zwo swa-ney deba — do one's duty debi — (zwo) owe, be obliged to Ta debi a me dwashi dolar. — He owes me $20. Me debi a ta may jiva. — I owe my life to him. ---- debati — (zwo) debate debata — (kwo) debate See also: diskusi ---- debuti — (zwo) debut debuta — (kwo) debut, début ---- dediki — (zwo) dedicate (address or inscribe to another — cf. “devoti”) dedika — (kwo) dedication ---- defekta — (kwo) defect, flaw, impairment defekta-ney (defekte) — (kwel) flawed, imperfect, defective ---- defensi — (zwo) defend defensa — (kwo) defence defensa-ney (defense) — (kwel) defensive ---- defini — (zwo) define, give the definition of defina — (kwo) definition ---- deflui — (zwo) flow away, rush from defluisa — (kwo) ebb, reflux afluisa e defluisa — flow and ebb (Origin: de(s)+flui) ---- deformi — (zwo) deform, put out of shape pa deformi-ney inglish — in broken English deforma, deformitura — (kwo) deformation; deformity ---- degami — (zwo) divorce degama — (kwo) divorce (Origin: de(s)+gami) ---- degradi — (zwo) degrade, debase degrada — (kwo) degradation ---- dek — (kwo) deck (ship’s) ---- dekadi — (zwo) be decadent, be in state of decay, decline (physically or morally) dekada — (kwo) decadence, decline ---- dekapisi — (zwo) decapitate dekapisa — (kwo) decapitation (Origin: de(s)+kapa+isi) ---- deklami — (zwo) declaim deklama — (kwo) declamation ---- deklari — (zwo) declare deklara — (kwo) declaration ---- deklini — (zwo) deflect; decline (gram., phys., astr.) deklina — (kwo) deflection, declination ---- dekori — (zwo) decorate, make decor dekora — (kwo) decoration; decor Syn.: orni ---- dela — (kwo) affair, business, case, issue, matter bu es may dela — that is none of my business dela go hao — the affair goes well prave dela — just/righteous cause fai dela kun — deal with, have to do with Dela es ke... — The thing is that... The point is that... ---- delfin — (kwo) dolphin ---- delikate — (kwel) delicate, fine ---- delir — (kwo) delirium, ravings deliri — (zwo) be delirious, rave delir-ney — (kwel) delirious ---- demandi — (zwo) demand (claim, request or ask forcefully) demanda — (kwo) demand (claim; desire to purchase goods; request for some product) ---- demision — (kwo) resignation, retirement demisioni — (zwo) resign, retire ---- demokratia — (kwo) democracy demokratike — (kwel) democratic demokratisi — (zwo) democratize demokratisa — (kwo) democratization demokratier (demokrat) — (kwo) democrat ---- demon — (kwo) demon (evil spirit) ---- demonstri — (zwo) demonstrate demonstra — (kwo) demonstration demonstra-ney (demonstre) — (kwo) demonstrative demonstrasion — (kwo) demonstration (public display of group opinion) ---- den — (gramatika) optional accusative particle Den se me he zwo yo. — This I have done already. ---- denadi — (zwo) despair denada — (kwo) despair (Origin: de(s)+nadi) ---- dense — (kwel) dense dense shulin — dense forest dense tuman — dense fog fa-dense (densifi) — (zwo) become dense mah-dense (densisi) — (zwo) make dense, condense densitaa — (kwo) density densika — (kwo) thicket nodense — (kwel) thin, sparse, rarefied nodensifa — (kwo) rarefaction ---- denta — (kwo) tooth; prong diki denta — show/bare one's teeth shwo tra denta — say between one's teeth dentista — (kwo) dentist dentagron — (kwo) tusk ---- departi — (zwo) depart, leave (a koysa — for smth) me departi a Rusia — I am leaving for Russia departa — (kwo) departure Ant.: arivi ---- depatmen — (kwo) department ---- dependi — (zwo) depend (fon koysa/koywan — on smth/smb) Fon hu se dependi? — On whom does it depend? dependa — (kwo) dependence nodependa — (kwo) independence rekoni nodependa — to recognize the independence nodependa-ney (nodepende) — (kwel) independent ---- depo — (kwo) depot, store, storehouse depo-shamba — (kwo) storeroom; pantry ---- depon — (zwo) take off, lay off, put off Depon ba palto! — Take off the coat! (Origin: de(s)+pon) ---- depos — (konekti) since, starting from depos toy dey — since that day me es hir depos klok shi — I have been here since ten o'clock depos dan — since then depos nau — from now on, henceforth depos longtaim — long since Syn.: fon ---- deri — (zwo) delay; linger deri spira — hold one's breath dera — (kwo) delay ---- derivi — (zwo) derive deriva — (kwo) derivation derivi-ney — (kwel) derivative, derived derivitura — (kwo) derivative ---- derma — (kwo) skin, hide tumderma-ney — (kwel) swarthy, dark-skinned dedermisi — (zwo) skin, flay, excoriate ---- desapari — (zwo) disappear, vanish desapara — (kwo) disappearance (Origin: de(s)+apari) ---- desemba — (kwo) December (also mes-shi-dwa) ---- desendi — (zwo) descend, go down desendi sulam — go downstairs kamina desendi a riva — the road descends to the river desenda — (kwo) descent Syn.: go nich Ant.: asendi ---- deser — (kwo) dessert ---- deserti — (zwo) desert (abandon, withdraw) deserter — (kwo) deserter ---- desidi — (zwo) decide desida — (kwo) decision desidi-nem (desidem) — (kwo) decidedly ---- deskovri — (zwo) discover deskovra — (kwo) discovery ---- deskribi — (zwo) describe deskriba — (kwo) description ---- desne — (kwel) right (not left) desna — (kwo) right, right side a desna — (loko-komo) (to the) right Kan a desna! — Look right! Hir treba turni a desna. — Here one should turn right. desnen — (konekti-komo) at the right (of) May dom es desnen. — My house is at the right. Desnen dom ye garden. — There is a garden to the right of the house. ---- despota — (kwo) despot ---- destini — (zwo) destine destina — (kwo) destination (ultimate purpose for which smth is created or intended — cf. “safara-gola”) ---- destrukti — (zwo) destroy destrukta — (kwo) destruction destruktive — (kwel) destructive, disruptive Syn.: nihilisi ---- detal — (kwo) detail detal-ney — (kwel) detailed detal-nem — (komo) in detail detalisi — (zwo) detail detalisa — (kwo) detailing ---- detekti — (zwo) detect detekta — (kwo) detection detekter — (kwo) detector ---- detektif — (kwo) detective ---- determini — (zwo) determine (establish or ascertain definitely, give direction to, fix the limits of) determina — (kwo) determination (but not resolution — cf. “resolutitaa”) determinitaa — (kwo) determinacy nodeterminitaa — (kwo) indeterminateness ---- developi — (zwo) develop developa — (kwo) development ---- devisa — (kwo) motto ---- devori — (zwo) devour ---- devoti — (zwo) devote devoti swa a koysa/koywan — to devote oneself to smth/smb devoti-ney — (kwel) devoted devota — (kwo) devotion (act of devoting or the state of being devoted) boh-devoten — (kwel) pious, devout ---- dey — (kwo) day (in all meanings) deyfan — (kwo) midday meal; dinner lumadey — (kwo) daylight, daytime bugundey — (kwo) day free from work, day off, rest-day festadey — (kwo) holiday, day of celebration gundey — (kwo) working day, workday janmadey — (kwo) birthday hao dey! — good day! fa-dey — it is dawning, day is breaking fa-deysa — (kwo) dawn, daybreak ---- diabla — (kwo) devil, fiend (Satan or demon) Pa diabla! — What the devil! See also: bes, satan ---- diagnos — (kwo) diagnosis diagnosi — (zwo) diagnose ---- diagonale — (kwel) diagonal diagonala — (kwo) diagonal ---- diagrama — (kwo) diagram ---- dialekta — (kwo) dialect ---- dialoga — (kwo) dialogue ---- diamanta — (kwo) diamond ---- diarea — (kwo) diarrhoea ---- diba — (kwo) bottom (the lowest part — cf. "popa") mar diba — sea bottom ---- difusi — (zwo) diffuse difusa — (kwo) diffusion (but not prolixity) ---- digesti — (zwo) digest (physiol.) digesta — (kwo) digestion ---- digne — (kwel) dignified, stately; worthy dignitaa — (kwo) dignity ---- diki — (zwo) show, display diki lisan a leker — show one's tongue to the doctor diki suy joisa — show one's joy dikifinga — (kwo) index finger dika — (kwo) showing, demonstration diker — (kwo) pointer, indicator oradiker — hour hand minutadiker — minute hand ---- diki-winda — (kwo) shop window ---- diktat — (kwo) diktat, dictate (command) diktati — (zwo) dictate (impose, order) diktater — (kwo) dictator diktatura — (kwo) dictatorship ---- dikti — (zwo) dictate (say or read aloud) dikter — (kwo) announcer ---- dilim — (kwo) slice, clove luna-dilim — (kwo) crescent ---- dimension — (kwo) dimension ---- dinamika — (kwo) dynamics dinamike — (kwel) dynamic ---- dine — (kwel) thin (about size — cf. “nodense”) Ant.: grose ---- diploma — (kwo) diploma ---- diplomatia — (kwo) diplomacy diplomatike — (kwel) diplomatic ---- direksion — (kwo) direction (path, course — cf. "diriging") ---- direkte — (kwel) direct (not indirect — cf. "rekte") direkte kontakta — direct contact direktem — (komo) directly; straightforwardly ---- direktor — (kwo) director (person chosen to control or govern the affairs of an institution or corporation) direktor de skola — director of a school ---- dirigi — (zwo) direct (aim at; manage, control) fa-dirigi — (zwo) make one’s way (to), direct one’s steps, head diriging — (kwo) directing; direction (guidance; the skill of directing a film, play etc.) ---- disain — (kwo) design (shape, appearance, plan for the structure and functions) disaini — (zwo) design, lay out, make a design disainer — (kwo) designer ---- disasta — (kwo) disaster, calamity, catastrophe (cf. "beda") ---- disertasion — (kwo) dissertation ---- dish — (kwo) dish (the vessel or its contents) Syn.: pyata ---- disipi — (zwo) dissipate, squander, waste disipa — (kwo) dissipation, squander, waste Ant.: spari, ekonomi ---- disipla — (kwo) disciple Ant.: guru, talimer ---- disiplina — (kwo) discipline (behaviour control) ---- diska — (kwo) disk ---- diskrete — (kwel) discrete, discontinuous ---- diskusi — (zwo) discuss diskusa — (kwo) discussion ---- disposi — (zwo) dispose (arrange; have at one’s disposal) disposa — (kwo) disposition, disposal (positioning; control) ---- disputi — (zwo) argue, spar, bicker disputa — (kwo) dispute, controversy disputibile — (kwel) disputable, arguable disputnik — (kwo) debater, squabbler prais-disputnik — haggler ---- distansia — (kwo) distance (cf. "dalitaa") ---- distili — (zwo) distil distila — (kwo) distillation distiler — (kwo) distiller ---- distinti — (zwo) distinguish fa-distinti in batala — distinguish oneself in action distinta — (kwo) distinction fai distinta inter koysa e koysa — make difference between smth and smth distinta-ney (distinte) — (kwel) distinct distintive — (kwel) distinctive ---- distrati — (zwo) distract, divert distrata — (kwo) distraction, diversion; (fig.) absence of mind distrati-ney (distraten), distratishil — (kwel) absent-minded ---- distribu — (zwo) distribute distribusa — (kwo) distribution ---- disturbi — (zwo) disturb, trouble, bother, unsettle, put out of order disturba — (kwo) disturbance ---- diva — (kwo) miracle, marvel, wonder diva yok — no wonder diva-ney — (kwel) marvellous, wonderful divi — (zwo) wonder, marvel, look with amazement ---- divan — (kwo) divan (sofa) ---- diverse — (kwel) diverse, sundry, several, various diversitaa — (kwo) diversity, variety, multiplicity ---- dividi — (zwo) divide shi-dwa dividi bay char es tri — twelve divided by four is three divida — (kwo) dividing, division (act) ---- division — (kwo) division (military formation) (cf. "divida") ---- do — (konekti) precedes a specific characteristic, distinctive feature, or destination of object gela do grin okos — green-eyed girl jen do lignagamba — a man with a wooden leg sikin do kalam — penknife okula do surya — sun spectacles bota do parus — sailing boat auto do mil dolar — a car for 1000 dollars es kosa do ridi — this is ridiculous ---- docha — (kwo) daughter ---- doga — (kwo) dog man-doga (dogo) — (kwo) male dog gin-doga (dogina) — (kwo) bitch, female dog yundoga — (kwo) pup, puppy ---- doh — (exklami) (in response to a negative question or statement) yes; oh yes; on the contrary, quite the contrary Also yu bu lai? - Doh! — So you won't come? - Oh, yes, I will! Syn.: kontrem ---- doiche — (kwel, kwo) German (relating to ethnicity, language or country); German (person of German ethnicity); German language ---- Doichland — (kwo) Germany Doichland-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Germany ---- do-janma-ney — (kwel) innate, inborn, inherent, native ---- dok — (kwo) dock (in port) doker — (kwo) docker doki — (kwo) dock ---- doktor — (kwo) doctor (holder of a doctorate; physician) See also: leker ---- doktrina — (kwo) doctrine ---- dokumenta — (kwo) document dokumenti — (zwo) document dokumentale — (kwel) documental ---- dol — (kwo) dale, vale ---- dolar — (kwo) dollar auto do mil dolar — a car for 1000 dollars ---- dolche — (kwel) sweet dolchevos-ney — having a sweet voice dolchitaa — (kwo) sweetness, sweet (basic taste sensation) dolcha, dolchika — (kwo) sweet (smth sweet) ---- dom — (kwo) house; home me es pa dom — I am at home chu dom — to leave home treba go a dom — we should go home domlik — (kwel) home, cozy domyuan — (kwo) member of household dom-masta — (kwo) householder banidom — (kwo) bath-house forjidom — (kwo) smithy, forge grendom — (kwo) granary, barn melidom — (kwo) mill mifendom — (kwo) hive furmidom — (kwo) anthill ---- domen — (kwo) domain, sphere; domain (computing) ---- domini — (zwo) dominate domini-she — (kwel) dominant, dominating domina — (kwo) domination ---- domino — (kwo) domino ---- domisi — (zwo) domesticate ---- doni — (zwo) give as a gift; donate; make a present (cf. “dai”) dona — (kwo) gift, present; donation dona de shwosa — gift of speech donakin — (kwo) sop; tip donishil — (kwel) generous, unstinting donishiltaa — (kwo) generosity ---- dosa — (kwo) dose ---- dosh — (kwo) vice, defect, flaw Ant.: merita ---- dosile — (kwel) docile ---- doti — (zwo) endow; furnish a dowry dota — (kwo) dowry, endowment; gift, talent, endowment dotika — (kwo) dowry (payment or property) sindotnik — (kwo) person without talent ---- dragon — (kwo) dragon (cf. «lung») ---- draka — (kwo) scuffle, tussle, fight ---- drama — (kwo) drama ---- dranga — (kwo) pressure, stress, force, push, dash; urge, drive por dranga de halat — through force of circumstances dranga fo libritaa — drive for freedom drangi — (zwo) urge, hustle, press, force fa-drangi — (zwo) jostle, hustle, crowd fa-drangi tra jenmenga — thrust one’s way through the crowd fa-dranging — (kwo) crowding, crush, jam, squash ---- drastike — (kwel) drastic drastike shanja — drastic alterations drastike meja — drastic measures ---- dreni — (zwo) drain, draw off liquid dreni-tuba — drain, drain pipe drena, drenaja — (kwo) drainage ---- drimi — (zwo) dream (hope, wish, daydream) drima — (kwo) dream (hope, wish, cherished desire), daydream drimnik — (kwo) (day)dreamer drima-ney (drime) — (komo) dreamy, pensive drima-nem (drimem) — (komo) dreamily, musingly (cf. "sonja") ---- drir — (kwel) uncompromising, steadfast, firm, unflinching, inflexible, unbending ---- drole — (kwel) funny, amusing ---- droni — (zwo) drown; sink droni-ney jen, dronijen — drowned man mah-droni — (zwo) drown (deprive of life) mah swa droni — drown oneself ---- dros — (kwo) thrush (bird) gana-dros — (kwo) song-thrush ---- duan — (kwo) segment, section, piece laste daoduan — last section/length of road taimduan — space of time ---- dubi — (zwo) doubt, question duba — (kwo) doubt dubival — (kwel) doubtful, dubious, questionable sin duba, duba yok — undoubtedly, no doubt ---- dubli — (zwo) dub (a film) ---- duda — (kwo) pipe (music — cf. “pipa”) dudi — (zwo) play the pipe ---- duel — (kwo) duel dueli — (zwo) duel ---- duhi — (zwo) anguish duha — (kwo) anguish, misery, distress duhaful — (kwel) agonizing, distressing, trying ---- duka — (kwo) duke / duchess duko — (kwo) duke dukina — (kwo) duchess ---- dukan — boutique, shop ---- dukti — (zwo) lead (guide or conduct), conduct (manage, carry on — cf. "kondukti") dukti kinda bay handa — lead a child by the hand dukti auto — drive/steer a car baum-alee dukti a dom — alley of trees leads to the house se mog dukti a bade sekwitura — this may lead to bad consequences dukti leson — conduct a lesson dukti elekti-kampania — conduct an election campaign ---- dulari — (zwo) coddle, pamper, fondle ---- dule — (kwel) tender (affectionate) dulitaa — (kwo) tenderness ---- dulha — (kwo) fiancée/bride or fiancé/bridegroom dulho — (kwo) fiancé/bridegroom dulhina — (kwo) fiancée/bride Syn.: gamer ---- dumi — (zwo) think me dumi ke… — I think that... en-dumi — (zwo) begin to think duma — (kwo) thought, idea dumishil — (kwel) thoughtful duming — (kwo) thinking dumi-shem — (komo) thoughtfully, meditatively bedumi — (zwo) ponder/think over ---- dun — (kwo) hole (opening; hollow) baum dun — tree hollow dun-ney — (kwel) having a hole; full of holes duni — (zwo) hole duner — (kwo) puncher; holer butondun — (kwo) buttonhole nosdun — (kwo) nostril dunbartan — (kwo) colander dunmuh — (kwo) mouth of hole ---- duna — (kwo) dune ---- duran — (konekti) during duran laste dwa yar — in the course of the last two years duran leksia — during the lecture duran to, duranem — (taim-komo) meanwhile duran ke — (konekti) while ---- duri — (zwo) last (continue, endure) dura — (kwo) duration ---- durte — (kwel) sly, cunning, wily durtitaa — (kwo) cunning; slyness nodurte — (kwel) artless, simple-hearted, ingenuous; naive durta (durto, durtina) — (kwo) cunning person (man, woman) ---- dus — (syao) "bad, mal-, ill-" fauha smell – dusfauha fetor, stench trati to treat – dustrati to maltreat dusfama-ney ill-famed dustaim bad times dussigna-ney (dussigne) ill-omened, sinister pa dusfortuna by ill luck ---- dusha — (kwo) shower (bath) fai dusha — take a shower ---- dushman — (kwo) enemy dushman-ney, dushmanlik — (kwel) hostile, inimical dushmantaa — (kwo) enmity, hostility ---- dushte — (kwel) malicious, spiteful dushtitaa — (kwo) malice, spite ---- dusproba — (kwo) trial, ordeal subi dusproba — undergo an ordeal (Origin: dus+proba) ---- duyfu — (zwo) cope with, manage, overcome, deal effectively duyfu gunsa — cope with work nu ve duyfu se — we'll cope with that duyfu sin koysa — do without smth, manage without smth ---- duza — (kwo) belly, abdomen ---- dwa — (kwanto) two (2) li dwa jen — the two of them, they both nu toki ba pa dwa jen — let the two of us have a talk mah-dwa — (zwo) bisect, divide into two fa-dwa — (zwo) become double; bifurcate dwafen un dwafen — one half dwaple — (kwel) double, dual; twofold dwaplem — (komo) doubly dwaplem santush — doubly glad dwapla — (kwo) double (twice the number, amount, etc.) dwaplisi — (zwo) double, make twice as great dwaplifi — (zwo) double, increase twofold dwashi — twenty dwasto — two hundred dwa-ney — second dwa-nem — secondly dwanik — (kwo) (smb's) double dwaka — (kwo) two Skribi dwaka. — Write the figure two. ---- dwadi — (kwo) Tuesday ---- dwapunta — (kwo) colon (punctuation mark) ---- dwar — (kwo) door klefi dwar — lock the door bakdwar — (kwo) back door dwaryuan — (kwo) doorkeeper, doorman ---- e — (unisi) and Me pri rasmi e gani. — I like to draw and sing. Me pri rasmi e lu pri gani. — I like to draw, and he likes to sing. See also: i ---- edikta — (kwo) edict, decree, ukase ---- editi — (zwo) publish (a book, a paper), print (cf. “redakti”) edita — (kwo) edition un-ney edita — the first edition ---- eduki — (zwo) bring up, educate, breed hao eduki-ney — well-bred, well-mannered, well brought up eduka — (kwo) upbringing ---- efekta — (kwo) effect efektive — (kwel) efficacious, effective efektivitaa — (kwo) effectiveness, efficacy, efficaciousness ---- eforti — (zwo) make/exert effort eforta — (kwo) effort ---- egale — (kwel) equal es egale a me — it's all the same to me, it doesn't matter to me egale geim — draw (game) egalem — (komo) equally egalitaa — (kwo) equality egalisi — (zwo) equalize egalsenta-ney — (kwel) indifferent, not caring ---- ego — (kwo) ego egoisma — (kwo) egoism egoista — (kwo) egoist egoistike — (kwo) egoistic ---- eho — (kwo) echo ---- ejekti — (zwo) eject ejekta — (kwo) ejection ---- ek- — (syao) "one time or suddenly" (single or momentary action) tuki "to knock" — ek-tuki "to give a knock" salti "to jump" — ek-salti "to jump up" ---- ekinoxa — (kwo) equinox oton-ekinoxa — autumnal equinox vesna-ekinoxa — vernal equinox ---- ekipi — (zwo) equip ekipa — (kwo) equipment ekiping — (kwo) equipping ekipinka — (kwo) item of equipment, accessory ---- eklipsa — (kwo) eclipse ---- ekonomi — (zwo) economize ekonoming — (kwo) economizing, economization ekonoma — (kwo) economy (sparing use or example/result of it) ekonoma-ney — (kwel) economical (prudent; intended to save money), economy (economical or inexpensive to buy or use) Syn.: spari Ant.: disipi ---- ekonomia — (kwo) economics; economy (management; system of production) ekonomike — (kwel) economic ekonomista — (kwo) economist ---- ekran — (kwo) screen (viewing area) (cf. "shirma") ---- eksiti — (zwo) excite (arouse, incite, rouse, provoke) eksita — (kwo) excitation ---- ekwator — (kwo) equator ---- ela — (inplas-kwo) she, her Ela es jamile. — She is handsome. Lu lubi ela. — He loves her. Lu doni flor a ela. — He gives flowers to her. ela-ney, elay — (inplas-kwel) her Lu pri elay smaila. — He likes her smile. ---- elabori — (zwo) elaborate (work out with care and detail) elabora — (kwo) elaboration ---- Elada — (kwo) Greece ---- elastike — (kwel) elastic See also: upruge ---- elefanta — (kwo) elefant elefanto — (kwo) male elefant elefantina — (kwo) female elefant ---- elegante — (kwel) elegant elegansia — (komo) elegance ---- elekti — (zwo) elect, select by vote elekta — (kwo) election ---- elektre — (kwel) electric, electrical May be shortened to el-: el-ketla — electric kettle elektritaa — (kwo) electricity elektrisi — (zwo) electrify elektriser — (kwo) electrizer elektrifi — (zwo) electrify (intr.), become electric elektrisa/elektrifa — (kwo) electrization ---- elektronika — (kwo) electronics elektronike — (kwel) electronic ---- elementa — (kwo) element elementare — (kwel) elementary ---- elin — (kwel, kwo) Greek (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Greek (person of Greek ethnicity); the Greek language ---- elita — (kwo) elite elita-ney — (kwel) elite ---- elixir — (kwo) elixir ---- eludi — (zwo) elude, evade eludive — (kwel) elusive eluda — (kwo) evasion, elusion See also: eviti ---- embrasi — (zwo) embrace, hug embrasa — (kwo) embrace, hug ---- embrio — (kwo) embryo ---- emerji — (zwo) emerge (from a liquid); (fig.) rise into view emerja — (kwo) emersion, emergence ---- emfasi — (zwo) emphasize, stress, single out as important emfasa — (kwo) emphasis See also: aksenti ---- eminente — (kwel) eminent, distinguished, notable ---- emisi — (zwo) emit emisa — (kwo) emission ---- emosion — (kwo) emotion ---- emploi — (zwo) employ (give work/job) emploier — (kwo) employer emploiyuan (or simply yuan) — (kwo) employee emploisa — (kwo) employment noemploisa — (kwo) unemployment desemploi — (zwo) discharge, dismiss, fire ---- en- — (syao) "begin" (beginning of action) somni "to sleep" — en-somni "to fall asleep" lubi "to love" — en-lubi "to fall in love" jan "to know" — en-jan "to get to know, find out" (cf. "ek-") ---- energetika — (kwo) energetics ---- energia — (kwo) energy energike — (kwel) energetic, energy ---- eni — (inplas-kwel) any Eni kinda mog zwo se. — Any child can do this. in eni kasu (enikas) — in any case enikomo — (inplas-komo) in any way, anyhow Yu mog zwo se kom yu yao. Yu mog zwo se enikomo. — You may do it as you like. You may do it in any way. Yu mus zwo se enikomo. — You must do it anyhow. enilok — (inplas-komo) anywhere, at any place Me bu remembi a wo me he pon may kalam. It mog bi enilok. — I don't remember where I've put my pencil. It may be anywhere. Yu mog pon yur bao a enilok. — You may put your bag wherever you like. enisa — (inplas-kwo) anything Yu mog kuki enisa ke yu yao. — You can cook whatever you like. enitaim — (inplas-komo) anytime Yu mog lai enitaim. Me sempre joi al vidi yu. — You may come anytime. I am always glad to see you. enives — (taim-komo) ever (at any time) Ob yu enives lekti sey kitaba? — Have you ever read this book? eniwan — (inplas-kwo) anyone Kada jen yao bi felise. Kwesti ba eniwan. — Every person wants to be happy. Ask anyone. ---- enoi — (zwo) be bored, feel dull, have a tedious time (cf. “tedi”) enoisa — (kwo) boredom, ennui enoisaful — (kwel) boring, dull ---- ensiklopedia — (kwo) encyclopedia ensiklopedike — (kwel) encyclopedic ---- envi — (zwo) envy envi koywan — to envy smb enva — (kwo) envy envishil — (kwel) envious envival — (kwel) enviable ---- episoda — (kwo) episode episodike — (kwel) episodic; occasional ---- epoka — (kwo) epoch Mide Epoka — Middle Ages ---- era — (kwo) era ---- ergo — (unisi) consequently See also: also ---- ermina — (kwo) ermine ---- erupti — (zwo) erupt erupta — (kwo) eruption erupta de vulkan — the eruption of a volcano ---- es — (zwo) is, are, am (the present tense of "bi") Ela es jamile. — She is handsome. (Se) es kitaba. — This is a book. Se es yo zwo-ney. — This is already done. ---- esensia — (kwo) essence (phys. and metaphys.) esensiale — (kwel) essential (showing essence; of high importance; also biochem.) ---- eskadra — (kwo) squadron ---- eskapi — (zwo) escape eskapa — (kwo) escape ---- eskorta — (kwo) escort eskorti — (zwo) escort ---- Espania — (kwo) Spain Espania-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Spain ---- espaniol — (kwel, kwo) Spanish (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Spanish (person of Spanish ethnicity); Spanish language ---- esperanto — (kwo) Esperanto esperanto(-ney) — (kwel) Esperantist (of, relating to, or characteristic of Esperanto) esperantista — (kwo) Esperantist (speaker of/specialist in Esperanto) ---- esta — (kwo) east esta(-ney) — (kwel) east, eastern; oriental este feng — east wind esten — (konekti-komo) to the east, east of urba es esten — the town is to the east esten urba ye shulin — forest is east of the town ---- establi — (zwo) establish (set up, bring into force, settle) Syn.: fundi ---- estriba — (kwo) stirrup Syn.: raidi-pedika ---- etaja — (kwo) storey uuparetaja — upper floor char-etaja-ney dom — four-storey house ---- eter — (kwo) ether ---- eterne — (kwel) eternal, everlasting ---- etiket — (kwo) etiquette ---- etna — (kwo) ethnic group etnike — (kwel) ethnic ---- eureka — (exklami) eureka ---- euro — (kwo) euro tri euro petshi sentu — three euros fifty cents ---- Europa — (kwo) Europe Europa(-ney) — (kwel) European europajen — (kwo) European (person living or originating from Europe) ---- evalu — (zwo) evaluate, estimate evalusa — (kwo) evaluation, estimate ---- eventi — (zwo) happen, occur, take place Kwo eventi? — What's happened? Kwo eventi-te a lu? — What has happened to him? eventa — (kwo) event, occurrence ---- eversi — (zwo) evert, turn inside out eversa — (kwo) evertion ---- evidente — (kwel) evident, obvious evidentem — (komo) evidently evidentisi — (zwo) show with obviousness, be eloquent of ---- eviti — (zwo) avoid evita — (kwo) avoiding, avoidance evitival — (kwel) which is better to avoid buevitibile — (kwel) unavoidable, inevitable buevitibilitaa — (kwo) inevitability ---- evolusion — (kwo) evolution evolusioni — (zwo) evolve ---- ewalaa — (unisi) (coordinating conjunction introducing new, often little expected circumstances) Ta en-chi ewalaa tro mucho pepa ye. — As he began to eat, he felt that there is too much pepper added. Me zin shop ewalaa may amiga zai kupi pan. — When I entered the shop, I saw that my friend was buying bread. Pa un dey saja zai prei, ewalaa orla pasi, mah-lwo maus inu saja-ney handas. Saja ofni okos, ewalaa ye maus in handas. — One day when the sage was praying, an eagle happened to pass by and the eagle dropped a mouse in the hands of the sage. The sage opened his eyes, and there was a mouse in his hands. (Origin: e+walaa) ---- ex- — (syao) "former" ex-mursha — ex-husband ex-molya — ex-wife ex-presidenta — ex-president ---- exakte — (kwel) exact, precise exaktem — (komo) exactly, precisely exaktitaa — (kwo) exactness, precision, accuracy ---- examen — (kwo) exam, examination (test) fai examen — take/have an examination exameni — (zwo) examine (determine the qualifications by means of questions or exercises) examener — (kwo) examiner ---- examini — (zwo) examine (inspect, scrutinize, study, check the condition or health of) examina — (kwo) examination (cf. “examen”) ---- exampla — (kwo) example fo exampla — for example ---- exepte — (konekti) except oli exepte me — everyone except me exepti — (zwo) except (specify as being an exception) exepta — (kwo) exeption fai exepta = exepti ---- exes — (kwo) excess pa exes — to excess exes-ney — (kwel) excess ---- exili — (zwo) exile, banish exila — (kwo) exile, banishment ---- existi — (zwo) exist exista — (kwo) existence en-existi — (zwo) arise, start to exist, spring up en-exista — (kwo) coming into existence ---- exklami — (zwo) exclaim exklama — (kwo) exclamation exklami-signa — (kwo) exclamation mark ---- exklusi — (zwo) exclude exklusa — (kwo) exclusion exklusive — (kwel) exclusive ---- exosti — (zwo) exhaust exosta — (kwo) exhaustion Ant.: restori ---- exotika — (kwo) exotics, exotica exotike — (kwel) exotic ---- expansi — (zwo) expand (to develop in volume or surface, spread, widen, also fig.) Al fa-warme, aira expansi e fa-leve.— When air warms it expands and becomes lighter. Nuy komersa kun Jungwo expansi stay. — Our trade with China is steadily expanding. expansa — (kwo) expansion expansive — (kwel) expansive Ant.: simti ---- expekti — (zwo) expect me bu he expekti vidi yu — I did not expect to see you expekta — (kwo) expectation sobre expekta — beyond expectation ---- experimenta — (kwo) experiment experimentale — (kwel) experimental experimenti — (zwo) experiment ---- experta — (kwo) expert experta-ney (experte) — (kwel) expert ---- expiri — (zwo) expire (to come to an end (of time), terminate) expira — (kwo) expiration (coming to a close, termination) ---- expliki — (zwo) explain, explicate explika — (kwo) explanation, explication ---- explori — (zwo) explore; reconnoiter, scout explora — (kwo) exploration; reconnaissance explorer — (kwo) explorer; scout ---- explosi — (zwo) explode, detonate explosa — (kwo) esplosion explosive — (kwel) explosive explosika — (kwo) explosives ---- exploti — (zwo) exploit (to get the value out of; to employ to the greatest possible advantage; to make use of selfishly or unethically) explota — (kwo) exploitation ---- exponenta — (kwo) exponent (math.) ---- exporti — (zwo) export exporta — (kwo) export, exportation Ant.: importi ---- exposi — (zwo) expose (to subject or allow to be subjected; to set in public view, introduce to, exhibit) exposi a riska — expose to risk exposa — (kwo) exposition (act or example of exposing; a public exhibition or show, as of artistic or industrial developments) ---- expres — (kwo) express (smth quick, e.g. a means of transport, such as a train, that travels rapidly) expres-kursa — an express course ---- expresi — (zwo) express (convey meaning) expresa — (kwo) expression ---- extas — (kwo) ecstasy, rapture ---- extendi — (zwo) extend, spread, stretch (cf. “stiri”) lu extendi-te gambas — he stretched out his legs extendi nayu on pan — spread bread with butter extendi tel inter dwa stolba — stretch the wire between two posts extenda — (kwo) extension, spread ---- externe — (kwel) external Syn.: ausen-ney Ant.: interne ---- extirpi — (zwo) extirpate, uproot; destroy wholly, eradicate, weed out ---- extrakti — (zwo) extract, draw from/out extrakta — (kwo) extract ---- extreme — (kwel) extreme, extremal extremem — (komo) extremely ---- fa — (syao-gramatika) 1) "to get, to become" tume "dark" — fa-tume "grow/get dark, darken" rude "red" — fa-rude "redden" gran "big" — fa-gran "get bigger, enlarge" fa-nocha — the night is coming fa-dey — it dawns 2) optional marker of intransitivity astoni "to astonish" — fa-astoni "to be (become) astonished" ---- fabrika — (kwo) factory, plant, works fabriki — (zwo) fabricate, manufacture ---- fabula — (kwo) fable; fairy-tale fabula(-ney) — (kwel) fabulous (of the nature of a fable; unhistorical) fabulalik — (kwel) fabulous (incredible) ---- fadi — (zwo) fade fading — (kwo) fading ---- fah — (kwo) field of knowledge, province, speciality samaji swa-ney fah — understand one's business bu es suy fah — that is out of his province, that's not in his line lu es master de suy fah — he is an artist/virtuoso lernifah — (kwo) subject (course of study) forjifah — (kwo) blacksmithing ---- fai — (zwo) "to do, to perform action connected with" (only in combination with nouns or adverbs) fai interes om koysa — to take an interest in smth en-fai interes om koysa — to become interested in smth defai interes om koysa — to lose interest in smth fai kasam — to make (take) a vow fai sukses — to succeed ---- fail — (kwo) file (computer) faildan — (kwo) folder (computer) ---- faine — (kwel) fine (very small in size, weight, or thickness; refined; subtle) faine gusta — a fine taste ---- fakir — (kwo) fakir ---- fakta — (kwo) fact fakta-ney (fakte) — (kwel) factual, actual fakta-nem (faktem) — (komo) in fact, actually pa fakta = faktem ---- fali — (zwo) fail, miscarry, not to succeed fali-ney — failed, unsuccessful brek fali — brakes failed motor fali — the engine failed fala — (kwo) failure; fiasco sin fala — without fail, surely (syn.: zaruu) pistola fai fala — pistol misfired nofalibile — certain, definite to happen falnik — (kwo) unlucky fellow/person ---- falkon — (kwo) falcon ---- false — (kwel) false; fake falsitaa — (kwo) falseness; falsity ---- falsifiki — (zwo) falsify, counterfeit, forge falsifika — (kwo) falsification, forgery, counterfeit ---- falta — (kwo) lack, shortage falti — (zwo) lack ta falti kuraja — he/she lacks courage ---- fama — (kwo) fame, renown; repute fama-ney — (kwel) famous, renowned dusfama — (kwo) ill fame, notoriety dusfama-ney — (kwel) ill-famed, infamous, notorious dusfamisi — (zwo) defame, discredit, besmirch ---- familia — (kwo) family familianam — (kwo) family name ---- fan — (kwo) food akshamfan — (kwo) evening meal; supper deyfan — (kwo) midday meal; dinner fanshop — (kwo) food store, grocery fantabla — (kwo) dinner table sabahfan — (kwo) morning meal, breakfast ---- fanata — (kwo) fan; fanatic, zealot fanatike — (kwel) fanatical fanatisma — (kwo) fanatism ---- fantasia — (kwo) fantasy (creative imagination; imagined event, fiction) ---- fantastike — (kwel) fantastic fantastika — (kwo) fiction ---- fantom — (kwo) phantom (ghost, apparition; illusion) fantom-ney tunga — phantom pain ---- fanus — (kwo) lantern, light el-fanus — electric torch fanusyuan — (kwo) lamplighter ---- fara — (kwo) headlight ---- farad — (kwo) farad ---- farfari — (zwo) snort, sniff ---- farina — (kwo) flour farini — (zwo) dust with flour ---- farka — (kwo) difference gro-farka — great or obvious difference, contrast farka-ney (farke) — (kwel) different farka-nem (farkem) — (komo) differently farki — (zwo) differ ---- farmak — (kwo) medicine, medicament, drug, pharmaceutical preparation farmakguan — (kwo) pharmacy, drugstore farmakista, farmakyuan — (kwo) pharmacist ---- farna — (kwo) fern ---- farwa — (kwo) fur farwaklaida — fur clothes farwapalto — fur coat ---- fas — (kwo) face ---- fasa — (kwo) phase ---- fasada — (kwo) facade, front ---- faseta — (kwo) facet ---- fasia — (kwo) 1) sheaf, bundle luma-fasia — shaft of light ray-fasia — sheaf of rays kula-fasia — cone of bullets 2) fascia (connective tissue) ---- fasile — (kwel) easy, taking little effort bu es mushkile, es ga fasile — it is not difficult, it is quite easy fasilem — (komo) easily fasilitaa — (kwo) easiness mah-fasile — (zwo) facilitate, make easy or easier ---- fasol — (kwo) haricot (plant or its bean) ---- fata — (kwo) fate, doom (cf. “kisma”, one’s lot, destiny) ---- fatale — (kwel) fatal ---- fatigi — (zwo) get tired; make weary fatiga — (kwo) tiredness, weariness, fatigue fatiga-ney (fatige) — (kwel) weary, tired fatigi-ney (fatigen) — (kwel) tired, fatigued fatigi-she — (kwel) tiresome sinfatiga-ney (sinfatige) — (kwel) tireless, indefatigable ---- fauha — (kwo) smell, odour fauhi — (zwo) smell (to have a smell; to sense a smell) fauhing, fauhisens — (kwo) sense of smell dusfauha — (kwo) fetor, stench, stink dusfauhi — (zwo) stink, reek ---- faula — (kwo) bird yunfaula — (kwo) baby bird ---- favor — (kwo) favour (an approving attitude, good will; an act performed out of good will, generosity, or mercy) pregi koywan om favor — ask someone for a favour favor-ney — (kwel) favourable favori — (zwo) favour (treat or regard with kindness, befriend) ---- favorite — (kwel) favourite favorita — (kwo) favourite Syn.:preferi-ney ---- fax — (kwo) fax faxi (fai fax) — (zwo) fax ---- feble — (kwel) weak, feeble feblem — (komo) weakly mah-feble (feblisi) — (zwo) weaken, enfeeble, make weaker fa-feble (feblifi) — (zwo) weaken, become weaker febli — (zwo) weaken (tr./intr.) feblitaa — (kwo) weakness ---- febra — (kwo) fever febra-ney — (kwel) feverish, febrile ---- februar — (kwo) February (also mes-dwa) ---- fek — (kwo) feces, excrement fekale — (kwel) fecal feki — (zwo) defecate feking — (kwo) defecation Syn.: kaka ---- felda — (kwo) field felda de akting — field of action magnetfelda — magnetic field feldakin — glade, clearing (cf. "agra") ---- felise — (kwel) happy mah-felise — (zwo) make happy felisitaa — (kwo) happiness ---- felta — (kwo) felt ---- femina — (kwo) female femina-ney (femine) — (kwel) female feminasexu — (kwo) female sex feminum — (kwo) feminine gender (gramm.) feminisma — (kwo) feminism feminista — (kwo) feminist ---- fen — (gramatika) forms fractions un (de) trifen — one third sem shifen — seven tenths tri stofen — three hundredths pet otfen — five eighths charfen, charfenka — quarter charfen (de) ora — a quarter of an hour ---- fendi — (zwo) split (lengthwise), slit, cleave ---- feng — (kwo) wind gro-feng — (kwo) strong wind, gale fengi — (zwo) blow (about wind) sedey fengi gro — there is a strong wind today fenging — (kwo) air current, draught befengi — (zwo) fan (blow air on) ---- fenomen — (kwo) phenomenon fenomenale — (kwel) phenomenal ---- fenshan — (kwo) customs, manners, morals ---- fenshu — (kwo) mark, grade (assessment) ---- fer — (kwo) iron ferka — (kwo) an iron thing; piece of iron ferdao — (kwo) railway (cf. “yunda”) ---- ferma — (kwo) farm ---- fermenta — (kwo) ferment (as yeast, leaven) fermenti — (zwo) ferment fermenting — (kwo) fermentation ---- ferose — (kwel) fierce, ferocious ---- festa — (kwo) holiday, celebration, festivities festi — (zwo) celebrate festike — (kwel) celebratory festing — (kwo) celebration festachia — (kwo) feast ---- festival — (kwo) festival ---- fet — (kwo) fat; grease fet-ney — (kwel) fat; fatty; greasy swina-fet — (kwo) lard fet-baka — (kwo) fat(ty) tail (of certain breeds of sheep) feti — (zwo) fatten ---- feya — (kwo) fairy ---- fiasko — (kwo) fiasco, complete failure fai fiasko — have a fiasco Syn.: fala ---- fibra — (kwo) fibre, fiber ---- fidele — (kwel) faithful, staunch, loyal fidelitaa — (kwo) fidelity, loyalty, staunchness ---- fidi — (zwo) trust, confide in, have faith in; rely on fidi sol a swa selfa — rely only on oneself fida — (kwo) confidence, trust, faith nofida — (kwo) distrust nofida-nem (nofidem) — (komo) with distrust, distrustfully, mistrustfully fidival — (kwel) trustworthy, reliable, dependable fidishil — (kwel) trusting, trustful ---- figa — (kwo) fig (bot.) figabaum — (kwo) fig-tree ---- figura — (kwo) figure (outside form, shape of a body; appearance, representation; also geom.) figuri — (zwo) figure (to be pertinent or involved, appear — cf. “kalkuli, konti”) ---- fiktia — (kwo) fiction (imaginative creation, fabrication, invention) fiktike — (kwel) fictitious; fake, sham ---- fila — (kwo) row, line; queue, file (a line of persons or things) fai fila — stand in line (in a queue) ---- filma — (kwo) film (medium used to capture images; motion picture) filmi — (zwo) film, shoot (record) filming — (kwo) shooting See also: kino ---- filosofia — (kwo) philosophy fai filosofia — philosophize filosofike — (kwel) philosophical filosofier — (kwo) philosopher ---- filu — (kwo) thread ---- fin — 1) (kwo) end al fin — at the end pa fin — finally, in the end til fin — up to the end ob es fin? — is that all? fin-ney — (kwel) final; finite fin-nem — (komo) finally nofin-ney — (kwel) endless, infinite nofintaa — (kwo) infinity, endlessness fini — (zwo) end, be over; finish olo kel fini hao es hao — all is well that ends well finika — (kwo) ending (gram.) 2) (syao) "to the end" lekti "read" — finlekti "read to the end" chi "eat" — finchi "eat to the end" zwo "do" — finzwo "finish doing, complete" ---- final — (kwo) final (last contest), finale ---- finansa — (kwo) finance, finances finansa-ney — (kwel) financial finansi — (zwo) finance finansing — (kwo) financing ---- findi — (zwo) find findi swa — (zwo) find oneself ta he findi swa sole — he found himself alone finda — (kwo) find ---- finga — (kwo) finger; toe; digit bay finga nok — by fingertips granfinga — (kwo) thumb dikifinga — (kwo) forefinger midfinga — (kwo) middle finger halkafinga — (kwo) ring-finger syaofinga — (kwo) little finger pedafinga — (kwo) toe on pedafinga — on tiptoe fingadan — (kwo) thimble ---- firma — (kwo) firm (business or company) ---- fish — (kwo) fish fish-sup — fish soup fishi — (zwo) fish fisher — (kwo) fisherman fishing — (kwo) fishing fishistik — (kwo) fishing rod fishika — (kwo) fishing tackle fishala — (kwo) fin ---- fisika — (kwo) physics fisike — (kwel) physical fisiker — (kwo) physicist ---- fiti — (zwo) fit, be of the right size; suit (to accord with — see also "godi") palto fiti hao — the coat fits well mah-fiti — (zwo) make fit, adjust ---- fitil — (kwo) wick, fuse ---- fixi — (zwo) fix, fasten fixing — (kwo) fixation fixika — (kwo) fastener fixi-ney — (kwel) fixed, fastened fixi-nem (fixem) — (komo) fixedly, steadfastly kan fixem — stare fixifi — (zwo) become fixed; lodge, get stuck ---- flaga — (kwo) flag lifti (fai uupar) flaga — hoist/raise a flag flagastanga — (kwo) flagstaff flagakin — (kwo) small flag, pennon, pennant, bannerette ---- flai — (zwo) fly flaisa — (kwo) flight al flaisa — in flight, in the air, on the wing en-flai — (zwo) fly up, take off en-flaisa — (kwo) take-off ---- flama — (kwo) flame, blaze flama-lisan — tongues of flame flama-ney — (kwel) fiery flami — (zwo) flame, blaze flami-she — (kwel) flaming flaming — (kwo) flaming, blazing flamisi (mah-flami) — (zwo) kindle, ignite, blaze up, produce flame flamifi (fa-flami) — (zwo) ignite, catch fire, burst into flames, take fire, blaze up flamiser — (kwo) igniter ---- flani — (zwo) hang around; loaf, loiter about flaner — (kwo) loafer ---- flanke — (kwel) side, flank, lateral flanka — (kwo) flank, side montaflanka — mountainside a flanka — sideways flanken — (konekti-komo) at the flank or side (of) es flanken — it's at the flank es flanken dom — it's at the side of the house ---- flasha — (kwo) flash (blaze) foto-flasha — photo flash bliza-flasha — a flash of lightning flashi — (zwo) flash, flare ---- flat — (kwo) flat, apartment ---- flecha — (kwo) arrow arku e flechas — bow and arrows indikiflecha — pointer index flechadan — (kwo) quiver (container for arrows) ---- flesh — (kwo) flesh (the soft parts of the body; the physical being) ---- flexi — (zwo) bend, curve, flex flexa — (kwo) bending; bend; flexion flexitura — (kwo) bend, curve (result of bending) flexibile — (kwel) flexible ---- fliti — (zwo) whisk, flit, dart, slip (expresses a sudden quick movement) ---- flor — (kwo) flower flori — (zwo) flower, bloom, blossom floring — (kwo) flowering, florescence, blossoming, blooming flordan — (kwo) flowerpot ---- flora — (kwo) flora ---- flot — (kwo) fleet ---- floti — (zwo) float (be afloat; drift) flotika — (kwo) float (something that floats) ---- flotilia — (kwo) flotilla ---- flui — (zwo) flow fluisa — (kwo) flow hwan lif floti nich fluisa — yellow leaves floated down flui-she — (kwel) flowing, fluent flui-shem — (komo) fluently ---- fo — (konekti) 1) for (the object, aim, or purpose) Es fo yu. — This is for you. Me ve lai fo vidi ela. — I shall come to see her. fo ke — in order to (see also "dabe") 2) for (duration or a specific time) Ob me mog pren yur kitaba fo kelke taim? — May I take your book for some time? Nu he aranji sey mita fo klok dwa. — We have arranged this meeting for two o'clock. fo manya — for tomorrow ---- fobi — (zwo) fear, be afraid foba — (kwo) fear, fright prefoba — (kwo) misgiving, apprehension fobisi — (zwo) frighten, scare, intimidate rasfobisi — scare/frighten away fobisa — (kwo) intimidation en-fobi — (zwo) take fright, get frightened foba-ney— (kwel) terrible, frightful fobisi-she — (kwel) frightening fobishil — (kwel) timid, timorous fobnik — (kwo) coward sinfoba-ney — (kwel) fearless, intrepid -fobista — -phobe ---- fogeti — (zwo) forget fogeta — (kwo) oblivion fogetishil — (kwel) forgetful ---- fok — (kwo) seal (animal — cf. “sigla”) ---- fon1 — (konekti) from; of (from among) Me zai go fon teatra — I am going from the theatre. Me he resivi se fon lu. — I have received this from him. fon kapa til peda — from head to foot fon sabah til aksham — from morning till evening un fon nu — one of us ---- fon2 — (kwo) phone, telephone (shortening of "telefon") Hu-ney fon zai baji? — Whose phone is ringing? ---- fonda — (kwo) background (but not person's experience, training, or education) ---- fonetika — (kwo) phonetics fonetike — (kwel) phonetic ---- fonologia — (kwo) phonology fonologike — (kwel) phonological ---- fontan — (kwo) fountain, jet, spout fontani — (zwo) fountain ---- for — (syao-komo) further, on (continuing an action) fai for — continue, go on Treba gun for! — One should work on! Hao for-gunsa! — I wish you good luck on your further work. Me bu yao resti hir, me sal go for. — I don't want to stay here, I am going to go on. e tak for (etf) — and so on for-ney — (kwel) further, following lo for — what goes further in lo for — in what follows ---- fora — (kwo) furrow See also: ruga ---- forji — (zwo) forge (metals) forjer — (kwo) forger, smith forjidom — (kwo) smithy, forge ---- forma — (kwo) form, shape formi — (zwo) form, shape forming — (kwo) forming, formation (act or process) formitura — (kwo) formation (result) ---- formale — (kwel) formal ---- format — (kwo) format (of publication; of data) formati — (zwo) format formati-ney (formaten) — (kwel) formatted ---- formula — (kwo) formula formuli — (zwo) formulate formiling — (kwo) formulation ---- forna — (kwo) stove, furnace, kiln ---- forsa — (kwo) force forsi — (zwo) force; compel forsi-ofni dwar — force a door open forsi-ney (forsen) — (kwel) forced forsen smaila — strained smile ---- forte — (kwel) strong mah-forte (fortisi) — (zwo) strengthen, make strong or stronger fa-forte (fortifi) — (zwo) grow strong or stronger fortitaa — (kwo) strength ---- fortesa — (kwo) fortress ---- fortuna — (kwo) good fortune, good luck pa fortuna — fortunately, luckily fai fortuna — have luck, be in luck Hao fortuna! — Good luck! nofortuna — (kwo) misfortune pa nofortuna — unfortunately, unluckily fortuna-ney (fortune) — (kwel) fortunate, lucky fortunnik — (kwo) lucky one nofortunnik — (kwo) unlucky one, luckless ---- foto — (kwo) photo foti (fai foto) — (zwo) photograph, take a photo foting — (kwo) photographing fotoaparat, fotika — (kwo) photo camera fotoguan — (kwo) photographer's (studio) ---- foxa — (kwo) fox yunfoxa — (kwo) fox cub ---- fragile — (kwel) fragile, frail ---- fragmenta — (kwo) fragment ---- frai — (zwo) fry fraier — (kwo) fryer; frying pan ---- frak — (kwo) (evening) dress coat, swallow-tailed coat ---- frama — (kwo) frame (framework as of a machine, as of a picture; context); spectacle frame, spectacle rim in frama de koysa — within the framework of smth windaframa — (kwo) window-frame ---- franja — (kwo) fringe (decorative border) ---- franke — (kwel) frank (open in expression, straightforward; manifest) ---- franko — (kwo) franc (unit of currency) ---- Frans — (kwo) France Frans-jen — inhabitant/citizen of France ---- franse — (kwel, kwo) French (relating to ethnicity, language or country); French (person of French ethnicity); French language ---- frasa — (kwo) phrase; clause, sentence (gramm.) ---- fraula — (kwo) strawberry ---- frekwensa — (kwo) frequency banda de frekwensa — frequency band ---- frenta — (kwo) forehead frentahar — (kwo) fringe (part of the hair that hangs down over the forehead) ---- freshe — (kwel) fresh freshenesa — (kwo) freshness rifreshisi (rimah-freshe) — (zwo) refresh, freshen up ---- frikasee — (kwo) fricassee ---- frikti — (zwo) undergo friction frikta — (kwo) friction (cf. "froti") ---- frima — (kwo) hoar-frost, rime ---- frisi — (zwo) dress the hair friser — (kwo) hairdresser, barber, coiffeur frisiguan — (kwo) hairdressing saloon, barber's (shop), hairdresser's ---- frivole — (kwel) frivolous, light-headed ---- fronta — (kwo) front (battlefront; field of activity; group or movement — cf. "avana", "frenta") ---- frosta — (kwo) frost (intensely cold weather) frosta-ney (froste) — (kwel) frosty (cold, chilly) frosti — (zwo) freeze sedey frosti — it is freezing today frosti-ney (frosten) — (kwel) frozen Me sta frosten. — I am freezing. defrosti — (zwo) defrost, unfreeze froster — (kwo) freezer ---- froti — (zwo) rub froti okos — rub one's eyes froti handas — rub one's hands froting — (kwo) rubbing, rub (cf. "frikti") ---- fruni — (zwo) frown (wrinkle the brow, as in thought or displeasure); wrinkle (the brow) ta zai fruni — he is frowning fruni brovas — to knit one's brows Ant.: smaili ---- fruta — (kwo) fruit fruti — (zwo) fruit, bear fruit fruting — (kwo) fructification (process of producing fruit) fruti-she — (kwel) fruit-bearing, fructiferous; fruitful frutishil — (kwel) fecund ---- fugi — (zwo) flee, run away fuga — (kwo) flight, escape fuger — (kwo) fugitive, runaway ---- fujur — (kwo) depravity fai fujur — indulge in debauch(ery), lead a depraved/loose/dissolute life ---- fuki — (zwo) blow (produce an air current) fuka — (kwo) waft, whiff, puff, breath fukiflor — (kwo) dandelion ---- fule — (kwel) full fulitaa — (kwo) fullness, plenitude fulem — (komo) fully fulifi (fa-fule) — (zwo) become filled fulisi (mah-fule) — (zwo) fill fuli — (zwo) fill (tr./intr.) ---- fulfil — (zwo) fulfill (carry out, bring to completion, satisfy), come true hay may yaosa fulfil! — may my wish come true! fulfilsa — (kwo) fulfillment ---- fum — (kwo) smoke fumi — (zwo) smoke fuming — (kwo) smoking fumilok — (kwo) smoking-room fumtuba — (kwo) chimney ---- fundamenta — (kwo) foundation (that on which anything rests; groundwork, underpinnings; (fig.) basis, ground) fundamentale — (kwel) fundamental ---- fundi — (zwo) found (establish, base) funda, funding — (kwo) foundation, establishing (cf. "fundamenta") ---- fundu — (kwo) fund, foundation ---- funduk — (kwo) hazelnut ---- funga — (kwo) mushroom ---- funksion — (kwo) function funksioni — (zwo) function funksioning — (kwo) functioning ---- fupi — (kwo) bran ---- furaja — (kwo) forage, fodder ---- furgon — (kwo) van, wagon ---- furia — (kwo) fury, rage, frenzy sta pa furia — be furious furia-ney — (kwel) furious, frantic, frenetic furisi — (zwo) infuriate, enrage ---- furka — (kwo) fork senufurka — pitchfork daofurka — road fork ---- furmi — (kwo) ant furmidom — (kwo) anthill ---- furni — (zwo) furnish, supply furna, furning — (kwo) supply, furnishing ---- fusi — (zwo) melt, fuse, smelt fusi-nayu — melted butter fusa, fusing — (kwo) melting, fusion fusika — (kwo) fuse (electric safety device) ---- fut — (kwo) foot (unit of measure) ---- futbol — (kwo) football futbol pleier, futbolista — (kwo) football-player ---- futur — (kwo) future in futur — in future futur(-ney) — (kwel) future ---- fuy — (exklami, syao) fie (disgust, repugnance) fuy-jen, fuynik — a nasty person fuyka — ugly thing ---- ga — (komo) quite, entirely, completely ga hao — quite good ga fogeti — quite forget Yu es ga gande! — You are completely dirty! ---- gadari — (zwo) betray, give away gadara — (kwo) betrayal, treason gadarnik — (kwo) betrayer, traitor gadara-ney (gadare), gadaralik — (kwel) treacherous, perfidious, traitorous ---- gadle — (kwel) turbid, muddy (not bright or pure, not clear, cloudy; lacking luster, dull) gadle akwa — turbid water fa-gadle — (zwo) grow turbid/dull ---- gaf — (kwo) gaffe, lapse fai gaf — to make a gaffe ---- gai — (sta) (one) should, (one) ought, supposed to; befit, become Gai bi honeste. — One should be honest. Yu bu gai lanfai. — You should not be lazy. Sempre gai zwo olo tak kom gai. — One should always do everything as needed. Gai sempre tayari leson bifoo skola. — One should always prepare one's lesson before the classes. gai-ke — (kwel) proper, due, appropriate bugai-ke — (kwel) improper, inappropriate nogaitaa — (kwo) outrage, disgraceful goings-on Es nogaitaa! — It's simply a disgrace / a scandal! ---- galga — (kwo) gallows, gibbet Syn.: pendi-kilika ---- galopi — (zwo) gallop galopa — (kwo) gallop ---- galsa — (kwo) neck galsahar — (kwo) mane galsatasma — (kwo) collar (band around an animal’s neck — cf. “kolar”) ---- galta — (kwo) error, mistake galti — (zwo) err, be wrong, make a mistake galta-ney (galte) — (kwel) erroneous, mistaken ---- gamande — (kwel) haughty, supercilious; conceited gamanditaa — (kwo) haughtiness, superciliousness; conceit ---- gamba — (kwo) leg stula gamba — chair's leg ---- gambir — (kwel) serious Syn.: seriose ---- gami — (zwo) marry (intr./tr.) gamifi — (zwo) marry (intr.) gamer, gamifer — (kwo) fiance/fiancee (also dulho, dulhina) gaming — (kwo) marriage (wedding) gamifesta — (kwo) wedding gamisi — (zwo) marry (tr.) gami-ney — (kwel) married gama, gamitura — (kwo) wedlock, marriage (the state of being married) gamijen — (kwo) spouse, wife/husband gamiman — (kwo) male spouse, husband (also mursha) gamigina — (kwo) female spouse, wife (also molya) bugamnik — (kwo) bachelor ausengama-ney — (kwel) extramarital ---- gamusa — (kwo) chamois, suede, shammy ---- gana — (kwo) song statagana — national anthem gani — (zwo) sing gani-ki — (zwo) hum; sing quietly ganer — (kwo) singer ---- gande — (kwel) dirty, impure; indecent, nasty mah-gande (gandisi) — (zwo) dirty, soil; pollute fa-gande (gandifi) — (zwo) get/become dirty gandi — (zwo) make/become dirty ganditaa — (kwo) impurity, filth, dirt gandenik — (kwo) slovenly/untidy person ---- gansa — (kwo) goose gin-gansa (gansina) — (kwo) female goose man-gansa (ganso) — (kwo) gander, male goose yungansa — (kwo) gosling gansamasu — (kwo) goose meat See also: hansa ---- ganta — (kwo) glove piga ganta — leather gloves dwa para ganta — two pairs of gloves ---- gao — (kwel, komo) high mah-gao — (zwo) make high, raise higher, elevate fa-gao — (zwo) become higher, heighten gaotaa — (kwo) height gaoley — (kwel) higher (advanced in complexity or elaboration; of education beyond the secondary level) gaoley talim — higher education ---- gap — (kwo) gap gapi — (zwo) gape (open wide — cf. "guapi") ---- garabel — (kwo) sparrow ---- garaja — (kwo) garage (place to store a car) ---- garantia — (kwo) guarantee (anything that assures a certain outcome; a written declaration) pet-yar-ney garantia — a 5-year guarantee garanti — (zwo) guarantee garanter — (kwo) guarantor ---- garbar — (kwo) turmoil, bustle, fuss ---- garden — (kwo) garden kindagarden — (kwo) kindergarten legumgarden — (kwo) kitchen garden zoo-garden — (kwo) zoological garden ---- gardi — (zwo) guard, safeguard garda — (kwo) guarding, safeguarding gardiyuan — (kwo) guard (a person who guards) gardika — (kwo) guard (something that gives protection or prevents damage) ---- gargari — (zwo) gargle ---- gari — (kwo) carriage, cart, wagon, chariot bebi gari — baby carriage garijen — (kwo) coachman ---- garibe — (kwel) alien, extraneous, foreign gariba — (kwo) alien, stranger ---- garja — (kwo) thunderstorm ---- garma — (kwo) heat garma-ney (garme) — (kwel) hot es garme — it is hot me sta garme — I am hot garmitaa — (kwo) hotness garmi — (zwo) heat up (intr./tr.) garmifi (fa-garme) — (zwo) become hot garmisi (mah-garme) — (zwo) heat up garming — (kwo) heating garmiser — (kwo) heater (device) ---- garoba — (kwo) carob garoba-baum — carob tree ---- garson — (kwo) waiter ---- garwe — (kwel) proud garwi, garwefai — (zwo) be proud, take pride garwi por koysa — be proud of smth garwitaa — (kwo) pride ---- gas — (kwo) gas gas(-ney) — (kwel) gas gasisi — (zwo) gasify; aerate gasisa — (kwo) gasification; aeration gasyuan — (kwo) gasman gaspiwat, gaska — (kwo) fizzy drink ---- gasela — (kwo) gazelle ---- gaseta — (kwo) newspaper ---- gason — (kwo) lawn, grassplot ---- gasta — (kwo) guest gasti — (zwo) be a guest, be on a visit, stay gasti she amiga — stay at a friend's gastaguan — (kwo) hotel, guesthouse gastashamba — (kwo) drawing room, sitting room, living room ---- gata — (kwo) street fai gata — be outdoors; stroll gata-ki — (kwo) bystreet ---- gaurawe — (kwel) considerable, substantial; influential, imposing ---- gavahi — (zwo) witness, testify gavaha — (kwo) testimony, witness gavaher — (kwo) witness, eyewitness oko-gavaher — (kwo) eyewitness ---- gayar — (kwo) lad, guy, fellow, chap, bloke ---- gaza — (kwo) gauze (thin fabric) ---- ge — 1) (kwo) piece (single item) pet dolar per ge — five dollars apiece 2) (gramatika) optional marker of the singular auto-ge — one car jen-ge — one person ---- geda — (kwo) spike (fish) ---- gei — (gramatika) marks "passive of becoming" gunsa gei zwo — the work is being done kitaba gei lekti — this book is being read ---- geim — (kwo) game (a kind of game; a stage of game — cf. “pleisa”) video-geim — (kwo) video game worda-geim — (kwo) word game hima (saif) geimes — (kwo) winter (summer) games ---- geit — (kwo) gate ---- gela — (kwo) girl See also: yungina ---- gemi — (zwo) groan, moan gema — (kwo) groan, moan ---- gen — (kwo) gene ---- general — (kwo) general (commander) ---- generale — (kwel) general (not particular — cf. «sarwe») generalem — (komo) in general generalisi — (zwo) generalize generalisa — (kwo) generalization ---- generasion — (kwo) generation (people of same period) ---- generati — (zwo) generate (bring into existence; engender, procreate; produce) generati elektritaa — to generate electricity generative — (kwel) generative generata — (kwo) generation (act or process of generating; origination, production, or procreation) ---- genetika — (kwo) genetics genetike — (kwel) genetical ---- genia — (kwo) genius geniale — (kwel) of genius, ingenious, genial genialem — (komo) ingeniously, genially genialitaa — (kwo) ingeniousness, ingenuity genialnik — (kwo) genius (about a person) ---- genra — (kwo) genus, genre ---- genta — (kwo) clan, ethnic group, family, kin, stock ---- genu — (kwo) knee genu jor — knee joint genukapak — kneecap, patella genui — (kwo) kneel lwo-genui — fall to one's knees ---- geografia — (kwo) geography geografier — (kwo) geographer ---- gerania — (kwo) geranium ---- gerbila — (kwo) gerbil ---- gesi — (zwo) guess gesa — (kwo) guess gesing — (kwo) guessing ---- geti — (zwo) get (to somewhere, into smth); fall (into a situation) geti a dom — get home geti inu kaptika — fall into a trap geti aus koylok — get out of somewhere ---- gida — (kwo) guide (person or thing) gidi — (zwo) guide (serve as a guide; exert control or influence over) gei gidi bay koysa — to be guided by smth ---- giganta — (kwo) giant giganta-ney (gigante) — (kwel) giant ---- gimnastika — (kwo) gymnastics gimnastike — (kwel) gymnastic ---- gin- — (syao) "feminine" gin-studenta — female student gin-dogа — bitch ---- gina — (kwo) woman (also ginjen) ginalik — (kwel) womanly ginaliknesa — (kwo) womanliness ko-gina — (kwo) female companion; wife ginnik — (kwo) womanizer ginaley — (kwo) womankind ---- girlanda — (kwo) garland ---- gitara — (kwo) guitar ---- gladi — (zwo) stroke (move the hand over the surface of smth in one direction) ---- glan — (zwo) be glossy, shine glan-she — (kwel) glossy, shiny, sleek glansa — (kwo) gloss, shine, lustre mah-glan — (zwo) gloss, give a gloss or sheen to ---- glas — (kwo) glass (substance) glas(-ney) — (kwel) glass, of glass glas bartan — glass utensil glaslik — (kwel) glassy glaska — (kwo) smth made of glass; jar jemglaska — jam-jar ---- glasa — (kwo) glass (vessel) glasakin — (kwo) small drinking glass ---- glate — (kwel) smooth (not rough) fa-glate (glatifi) — (zwo) become smooth mah-glate (glatisi) — (zwo) smooth Ant.: karke ---- glidi — (zwo) slide, glide gliding — (kwo) sliding, slip glide — (kwel) slippery, sliding ---- glimi — (zwo) glimmer (emit or reflect a dim, intermittent light) stara glimi — stars glimmer ---- glina — (kwo) argil; clay ---- globa — (kwo) globe globale — (kwel) global (cf. “globus”) ---- globus — (kwo) globe (a spherical model of Earth or any planet) ---- glodi — (zwo) gnaw ---- glok — (kwo) bell gloki — (zwo) ring a bell, toll ---- gloria — (kwo) glory gloria-ney — (kwel) glorious glorisi — (zwo) glorify glorisa — (kwo) glorification ---- gloti — (zwo) swallow glota — (kwo) a swallow gloting — (kwo) swallowing misgloti — (zwo) choke (with) ---- glu — (kwo) glue glui — (zwo) glue gluing — (kwo) gluing See also: lipi ---- glube — (kwel) deep, profound glubitaa — (kwo) depth fa-glube (glubifi) — (zwo) become deeper mah-glube (glubisi) — (zwo) deepen, make deep or deeper glubefai in akwa — to be deep in water, to draw much water Ant.: chyen ---- gluhe — (kwel) deaf; dull, muffled, toneless gluhitaa — (kwo) deafness gluhe-mute — (kwel) deaf-mute gluhisi-she — (kwel) deafening ---- glume — (kwel) gloomy, sulky, sullen, morose ---- go — (zwo) go (move; leave; proceed) go a leker — go to the doctor dela go hao — the thing goes good go-she — (kwel) current go-she wik — the current week go-she dela — the current affairs going — (kwo) going; course (onward movement, progress) going de eventas — the course of events ---- godi — (zwo) serve (to be convenient or favourable), suit (answer a purpose, be of use) It godi fo kwo? — What does it serve for? godi-she — (kwel) suitable, good godinesa — (kwo) suitability, aptitude ---- gol — (kwo) goal (point scored) gol-geit — (kwo) goal (zone) gol-geityuan — (kwo) goalkeeper ---- gola — (kwo) aim, goal, end, purpose, target goli — (zwo) aim goli banduk an koysa – to aim the gun at smth fai gola an koysa – take aim at smth ---- golda — (kwo) gold golda(-ney) — (kwel) gold, golden goldika — (kwo) smth gold goldisi — (zwo) gild ---- golfa — (kwo) golf ---- gonga — (kwo) gong ---- goni — (zwo) drive (cause to move; chase) goni gurta a pilok — drive a herd to the watering place goni afte koywan — pursue / chase smb gona — (kwo) drive, chase, pursuit See also: persekwi ---- gorba — (kwo) hump, hunch (deformity of the back in humans; the fleshy structure on the back of a camel) gorba-ney (gorbe) — (kwel) hunchbacked gorbe jen — (kwo) hunchback gorbi — (zwo) hump, hunch, stoop gorbi-ney — (kwel) stooping, stooped ---- gorila — (kwo) gorilla (ape) ---- gorla — (kwo) throat gorla de botela — throat (neck) of the bottle ---- gosip — (kwo) gossip, scuttlebutt, tittle-tattle fai gosip, gosipi — (zwo) gossip, tittle-tattle, tell tales gosiper — (kwo) talebearer, gossiper ---- gova — (kwo) cow/bull gin-gova (govina) — (kwo) cow man-gova (govo) — (kwo) bull yungova — (kwo) heifer/calf govamasu — (kwo) beef yungovamasu — (kwo) veal ---- grada — (kwo) degree, extent (cf. “gradus”) in sertene grada — to a certain extent gaograd — (komo) in a high degree koygrad — (komo) to some degree kwelgrad — (komo) to what extent nulgrad — (komo) not at all, to no extent syaograd — (komo) to a small extent talgrad ke — to such an extent that ---- gradina — (kwo) a single stair, step, footstep; rung (step of a ladder) ---- graduale — (kwel) gradual gradualem — (komo) gradually ---- gradus — (kwo) degree (a unit of measurement) pet gradus sobre nol — five degrees above zero dwashi gradus de frosta (garmitaa) — 20 degrees of frost (heat) ---- graf — (kwo) graph ---- grafika — (kwo) graphic grafike — (kwel) graphic ---- gram — (kwo) gram sto gram — one hundred grams ---- gramatika — (kwo) grammar ---- gran — (kwel) big, large, great gro-gran — (kwel) huge, enormous granfinga — (kwo) thumb grantaa — (kwo) size, magnitude stara do un-ney grantaa — star of the first magnitude fa-gran (granifi) — (zwo) increase, become bigger/larger mah-gran (granisi) — (zwo) increase, make bigger/larger, magnify granisa/granifa — (kwo) increase Ant.: syao ---- grandiose — (kwel) grandiose ---- granit — (kwo) granite ---- grapa — (kwo) cluster, bunch, a number of fruits or flowers growing along a common stalk vingrapa — cluster/bunch of grapes ---- grasile — (kwel) gracile ---- graspi — (zwo) grasp (to take hold of or seize firmly; comprehend), grip fa-graspi pa koysa — snatch at smth graspika — (kwo) handle (haft, knob, bail, etc.) dwar graspika — door-handle, door-knob Syn.: samaji ---- grata — (kwo) grating, grate, lattice ---- gratis — (komo) gratis, free of charge ---- gratuli — (zwo) congratulate gratula — (kwo) congratulation ---- grauli — (zwo) growl, snarl graula — (kwo) growl, snarl ---- grave — (kwel) heavy, ponderous; (fig.) weighty, momentous, grave gravitaa — (kwo) heaviness, gravity ---- gravela — (kwo) gravel ---- gravide — (kwel) pregnant, with child gravida — (kwo) a pregnant woman ---- graviti — (zwo) (phys. and fig.) gravitate, be attracted, tend to a center gravita — (kwo) gravitation kanun de gravita — the law of gravitation ---- gren — (kwo) grain (seeds of crops; crops) greninka — (kwo) a single seed of grain grendom — (kwo) granary, barn ---- grey — (kwel) gray grey-har-ney — grey-haired ---- grif — (kwo) vulture ---- grimasa — (kwo) grimace grimasi, fai grimasa — (kwo) grimace, make a grimace, contort the face, make a wry face ---- grin — (kwel) green grinka — (kwo) greenery, verdure ---- grip — (kwo) flu, grippe, influenza faula-grip — bird flu ---- grivi — (zwo) grieve (feel sorrow or distress); mourn (om koysa — for smth) grivi-plaki — lament, deplore griva — (kwo) grief, woe, sorrow griva-ney (grive) — (kwel) sorrowful, mournful, sad mah-grivi — (zwo) grieve (make unhappy) Ant.: joi ---- gro — (syao-komo) "very much, strongly" (augmentative/intensifying particle) kitaba "a book" — gro-kitaba "a big volume, tome, folio" hao "good, well" — gro-hao "great, excellent" interes-ney "interesting" — gro-interes-ney "gripping, exciting" pri "to like" — gro-pri "to adore, to like greatly" Me lubi yu gro. — I love you deeply. Lu en-mediti gro. — He became lost in thoughts. gro-ney — (kwel) enormous, great, huge, vast ---- grog — (kwo) grog ---- grose — (kwel) thick grositaa — (kwo) thickness Ant.: dine ---- grugru, fai grugru — (zwo) grunt, utter a grunt ---- grumbli — (zwo) grumble ---- grunta — (kwo) soil, ground ---- grupa — (kwo) group grupi — (zwo) group ---- gual — (kwo) coal gual-muver — (kwo) poker ---- guan — (kwo) institution, establishment fanguan — (kwo) dining rooms frisiguan — (kwo) hairdresser's kitabaguan — (kwo) library printiguan — (kwo) printing house ---- guapi — (zwo) yawn guapa — (kwo) yawn ---- gubra — (kwo) dung, manure, muck gubrajuk — (kwo) dung-beetle ---- gudi — (zwo) honk, hoot, toot See also: zumbi ---- guha — (kwo) cavern, cave ---- gukan — (kwo) chaff ---- gulam — (kwo) slave gulamtaa — (kwo) slavery ---- gulao — (kwel) ancient, antique ---- guma — (kwo) gum; rubber; eraser chabiguma — (kwo) chewing gum gumabanda — (kwo) elastic (band), rubber band ---- gun — (zwo) work gunjen — (kwo) worker gunsa — (kwo) work, labour; job treba go a gunsa — one must go to work guntura — (kwo) work (product of working) gundey — (kwo) working day, workday guntaim — (kwo) working time gunpaga — (kwo) salary, wage gunshamba — (kwo) study (room) ---- gunah — (kwo) sin gunahi, fai gunah — (zwo) sin ---- guran — (kwo) crane (bird) ---- gurka — (kwo) cucumber ---- gurta — (kwo) herd, flock, drove gurti — (zwo) herd, flock See also: trupa ---- guru — (kwo) spiritual teacher ---- guruhi — (zwo) thunder shuta ek-guruhi — a shot burst out guruha — (kwo) thunder ---- gusli — (kwo) gusli baji gusli — play gusli guslier — (kwo) guslar ---- gusta — (kwo) taste gusti — (zwo) taste (have a taste; sample the flavour of smth orally) gustike — (kwel) gustatory hao-gusta-ney — (kwel) tasty ---- guta — (kwo) drop (of liquid) guti — (zwo) drip, fall in drops guting — (kwo) dripping ---- guverna — (kwo) government guverni — (zwo) govern (exercise authority over) guverner — (kwo) governor ---- guy — (kwel) expensive, costly guytaa — (kwo) expensiveness, costliness ---- gwansi — (zwo) concern (have to do with, relate to, be of importance to) sey dela bu gwansi me — it is no concern of me gwansi-yen — (konekti) concerning, regarding gwansa — (kwo) relation, connection, anything to do (with) hev/fai nul gwansa a koysa — have no connection with smth, bear no relation to smth bugwansa-ney (bugwanse) — (kwel) irrelevant, out of place, having nothing to do with bugwansa-nem (bugwansem) — (komo) malapropos, not to the point ---- gwer — (kwo) war gwership — warship gwer akta — military action gwer e salam — war and peace gwer-stopa, gwer-pausa — armistice, truce gweri, fai gwer — (zwo) make/wage war gwerjen — (kwo) warrior gwerlik — (kwel) warlike ---- gwin — (zwo) gain, earn, win gwin anubav — gain in experience gwinsa — (kwo) gain; income, earnings Syn.: akwiri ---- gwo — (gramatika) "some time ago, at one time, earlier in life" me gwo bi in Moskva — I have been to Moscow Me gwo dansi hao wen me bin syao gela. — I danced well when I was a little girl. Lu gwo zun sporta. — He used to go in for sports. ---- habar — (kwo) (piece of) news ---- habiti — (zwo) inhabit; dwell, live nu habiti in toy gata — we live in that street habita — (kwo) habitation habitilok — (kwo) habitation (place) (apartment is “flat”) habitibile — (kwel) habitable buhabiti-ney (buhabiten) — (kwel) uninhabited habitisi — (zwo) accommodate, lodge ---- haf — (kwo, syao) half pa haf — by half, in half haf-dey — (kwo) half a day haf-ora — (kwo) half an hour haf-luma — (kwo) twilight mah-haf — (zwo) halve ---- ha-ha — (exklami, kwo) ha-ha, a sound made in imitation of laughter fai ha-ha — laugh See also: ridi, hi-hi ---- haifen — (kwo) hyphen ---- haili — (zwo) heal, cure ---- haishi — (taim-komo) still, as yet, so far Me haishi bu he zwo se. — I have not done this yet. Lu haishi safari. — He still travels. Me es haishi ausen urba. — I am still out of town. (cf. "yoshi") ---- haki — (zwo) hew, hack, chop, cut haki ligna — chop wood haki bay zian — cut with a sword hakimarka — (kwo) notch ---- hakmi — (zwo) try (examine by judicial process) hakma — (kwo) (court) trial hakmiwan — (kwo) defendant, the accused, prisoner at the bar ---- halat — (kwo) circumstance; circumstances al tal halat — under such circumstances ---- halka — (kwo) ring (a circumscribing object) aurhalka — (kwo) earring harhalka — (kwo) lock, curl, ringlet halka-ney — (kwel) annular, ring-shaped halkafinga — (kwo) ring finger (finger between middle finger and little finger) halka-dansa — (kwo) round danse fai halka-dansa — to sing and dance in a ring ---- haloo (halo) — (exklami) hallo (used also over the telephone) ---- halwa — (kwo) halva ---- ham — (kwo) ham (food) ---- hamak — (kwo) hammock ---- hampi — (komo) almost Me jan hampi olo om to. — I know almost everything about it. Li es hir, hampi oli. — They are here, almost everyone. ---- hamra — (kwo) hammer hamri — (zwo) hammer ---- hamsi — (zwo) whisper hamsa — (kwo) whisper ---- hamsta — (kwo) hamster ---- han — 1) (kwel, kwo) Chinese (relating to ethnicity, language or country) hanjen — (kwo) Chinese (person of Chinese ethnicity) hanlingwa — (kwo) Chinese language (syn.: putunhua) 2) khan See also: Jungwo ---- handa — (kwo) hand handagunsa — handwork handi — (zwo) hand (to give or pass with the hands) ---- handak — (kwo) ditch, trench ---- Hanguk — (kwo) South Korea ---- hansa — (kwo) swan ---- hanzi — (kwo) Chinese characters, Hanzi ---- hao — (kwel, komo) good; well Me sta hao. — I am OK. Hao!— Good, OK! Es hao. — That's good. haotaa — (kwo) good fo haotaa de jenley — for the welfare of mankind lucha de haotaa e baditaa — struggle of the good and the evil Bi hao! — 1) You are welcome! (a reply to thanking); 2) Bless you! (after smb's sneezing); 3) Good luck! (when parting) Hao aksham! — Good evening! Hao dey! — Good day! Hao fortuna! — Good luck! Hao nocha! — Good night! Hao sabah! — Good morning! Hao safara! — Have a good trip! ---- haohunten — (kwel) coherent (Origin: hao+hunti+ney) ---- har — (kwo) hair, hairs (chevelure) harinka — (kwo) a single hair harhalka — (kwo) lock, curl, ringlet frentahar — (kwo) fringe (part of the hair that hangs down over the forehead) galsahar — (kwo) mane (cf. "mao") ---- harem — (kwo) harem ---- harhari — (zwo) expectorate ---- harmonia — (kwo) harmony harmoni — (zwo) harmonize (be in agreement, be harmonious) harmonike — (kwel) harmonious harmonisi — (zwo) harmonize (v.tr.) ---- hashish — (kwo) hashish ---- hasima — (kwo) defeat, loss fai hasima — to be defeated ---- hasti — (zwo) be in a hurry hasti-muvi — bustle, move hastily hasta — (kwo) hurry, haste pa hasta — hastily, in haste, hurriedly hasta-ney (haste) — (kwel) hasty, hurried ---- hata — (kwo) peasant house (esp. in Ukraine and Russia) ---- hay!1 — (exklami) hi! ---- hay2 — (gramatika) let, may (wish; leave) Hay Forsa bi kun yu! — May the force be with you! Hay oni shwo to ke oni yao. — Let them say what they like. (cf. "ba") ---- he — (gramatika) past tense marker Me he yo lekti sey kitaba. — I have already read this book. Yu bu he audi ku? — Haven't you heard? ---- hek — (kwo) pick, hack ---- helikopta — (kwo) helicopter ---- helma — (kwo) helmet ---- helpi — (zwo) help, aid helpa — (kwo) help helpi koywan — to help smb kun helpa de — with the help of voki helpa — call for help helpike — (kwel) auxiliary helpalingwa — (kwo) auxiliary language ---- hema — (kwo) blood hema-vasa — blood vessel hema-sosis — blood sausage, blood pudding hema-pyasa-ney — blood-thirsty hema-ney, hemaful — (kwel) bloody hemi — (zwo) bleed heming — (kwo) bleeding, haemorrhage ---- heni — (zwo) hate hena — (kwo) hatred henival — (kwel) odious ---- henri — (kwo) henry sto milihenri — one hundred millihenries ---- hepata — (kwo) liver (organ) ---- herba — (kwo) grass; herb lekiherba — (kwo) medicinal herb(s) herbinka — (kwo) a blade of grass ---- heredi — (zwo) inherit, be the heir to; succeed (to) heredi koysa fon koywan — inherit smth from smb hereda — (kwo) heritage; inheritance hereda-ney (herede) — (kwel) hereditary hereder — (kwo) heir ---- hermete — (kwel) hermetic, sealed, airtight hermetem — (komo) hermetically hermetisi — (zwo) make hermetic dehermeta — (kwo) depressurization ---- hero — (kwo) hero herolik — (kwel) heroic heroisma — (kwo) heroism ---- hesiti — (zwo) hesitate, falter hesita — (kwo) hesitation ---- hev — (sta) have Me hev dwa kitaba. — I have two books. en-hev — (zwo) come to possess hevsa — (kwo) possession; property, belongings ---- hey! — (exklami) hey! (used to attract attention) ---- hi — (gramatika) "exactly, it's...that" (emphasizes the previous word) nau hi — right now Den se hi me yao shwo. — This exactly I want to say. Me hi zwo-te se. — It's me who did it. Sey rasma bu es jamile. – Es jamile hi! — This drawing is not beautiful. – Yes it is! Non hi! — No, no way! Ya hi. — Yes, to be sure. Certainly. Es toy hi jen. — It's that very person. Me bu jan wen ta lai e ob ta lai hi. — I don’t know when he comes and if he comes at all. Bu hi go! — Mind you, don't go! ---- hieroglif — (kwo) hieroglyph hieroglifike — (kwo) hieroglyphic hieroglifike skriba — hieroglyphic writing See also: hanzi ---- hi-hi, hi-hi-hi — (exklami, kwo) tee-hee fai hi-hi — (zwo) chuckle, giggle, titter, snigger ---- hili — (zwo) stagger, be unsteady, sway, reel dushman en-hili — the enemy wavered ---- hima — (kwo) winter hima geimes — the winter games ---- hina — (kwo) henna ---- hindi — (kwel, kwo) Indian (relating to Indians [of India], their language and country); Indian (person of Indian ethnicity); Hindi ---- hipotesa — (kwo) hypothesis ---- hir — (loko-komo) here Lu es hir. — He is here. Hir es hao. — It's good here. Lai hir. — Come here. Figaro hir, Figaro dar. — Figaro's here, Figaro's there. hir-ney — (kwel) of this place, local ---- hiran — (kwo) deer yunhiran — (kwo) young deer, fawn gin-hiran — (kwo) doe, female deer man-hiran — (kwo) buck, male deer hiranmasu — (kwo) venison ---- hisi — (zwo) hiss hisa, hising — (kwo) hissing ---- histeria — (kwo) hysteria histerike — (kwel) hysterical ---- histo — (kwo) tissue (anat., biol.) ---- historia — (kwo) history (the aggregate of past events; science; record or narrative description) historike — (kwel) historic historier — (kwo) historian ---- hm — (exklami) hm, ahem ---- hobi — (kwo) hobby (activity that one enjoys doing in one's spare time) ---- hok — (kwo) hawk (predatory bird) ---- hokey — (kwo) hockey hokey pleier, hokeista — (kwo) hockey player ---- hole — (kwel) hollow (having an empty space or cavity inside) holika — (kwo) hollow holisi — (zwo) hollow (out) holifi — (zwo) become hollow wangas holifi — the cheeks became hollow ---- hom — (kwo) home (habitual abode, birthplace, native land, asylum) Syn.: dom ---- honeste — (kwel) honest (fair and straightforward in conduct, thought, etc., free from deceit or fraud, upright) ---- honor — (kwo) honour pa honor de — in honour of fai honor a koywan — give/pay honour to smb honor-ney — (kwel) honorary (guard, etc.) nohonor — (kwo) dishonour ---- hopak — (kwo) hopak (Ukrainian folk dance) ---- hor — (kwo) choir, chorus ---- horal — (kwo) choral ---- horisonta — (kwo) horizon horisontale — (kwel) horizontal horisontala — (kwo) horizontal (line) ---- hospital — (kwo) hospital ---- hosta — (kwo) host hostina — (kwo) hostess hosti — (zwo) host ---- hostel — (kwo) hostel (lodging house) ---- hotel — (kwo) hotel, inn ---- hovi — (zwo) hover (float in the air) ---- hu — (kwesti) who Hu lai? — Who comes? Hu zwo-te se? — Who did it? hu-ney — whose ---- huanmi — (kwo) millet ---- huf — (kwo) hoof ---- huk — (kwo) hook huki — (zwo) hook (catch, suspend, or connect with a hook) See also: ahuki ---- huligan — (kwo) hooligan huligani — (zwo) behave like a hooligan, engage in hooliganism huliganing — (kwo) hooliganism ---- humane — (kwel) humane humanitaa — (kwo) humaneness, humanity (the quality of being humane, benevolence — cf. “jenley”) ---- humanisma — (kwo) humanism (system of thought) humanista — (kwo) humanist humanistike — (kwel) humanistic, humanist ---- humel — (kwo) hop (plant) ---- humide — (kwel) humid, damp, moist humiditaa — (kwo) humidity, dampness Syn.: mokre ---- hunga — (kwo) hunger fai hunga — be hungry defai hunga — satisfy/appease one's hunger hunga-ney (hunge) — (kwel) hungry hunga-nem (hungem) — (komo) hungrily hungi — (zwo) hunger, starve al haf-hungi — half-starving ---- hunti — (zwo) join; come together; pool suti-hunti — sew together hunti a koywan — to join smb hunta — (kwo) joining, junction ferdao-hunta — railway junction hunta-ney (hunte) — (kwel) joint, combined pa hunta, hunta-nem (huntem) — (komo) together, jointly ---- huraa — (exklami) hurrah, hurray ---- husar — (kwo) hussar ---- huta — (kwo) hut (crude or makeshift dwelling or shelter; a shack) ---- hwan — (kwel) yellow fa-hwan — (zwo) grow/turn yellow mah-hwan — (zwo) make yellow hwanka — (kwo) yolk ---- hwei — (zwo) repent, rue hweisa — (kwo) repentance, penitence ---- i — (unisi) i...i... — both...and... i lu i ela — both he and she i sey-las i toy-las — these as well as those (komo) too, also (relates to the following word) I me koni lu. — I too know him. Me jan i ela. — I know also her. ---- idea — (kwo) idea idea-ney — (kwel) of idea, conceptual ---- ideal — (kwo) ideal ideal-ney — (kwel) ideal ---- idente — (kwel) identical identitaa — (kwo) identity, sameness identisi — (zwo) identify (tr.) identifi — (zwo) identify (intr.) ---- ideologia — (kwo) ideology ideologike — (kwel) ideological ---- idiota — (kwo) idiot ---- idola — (kwo) idol (also fig.) ---- idris — (kwo) bird cherry ---- idyen — (komo) a little, a bit idyen pyu hao — a bit better Dai a me idyen akwa, plis. — Give me a little water, please. ---- igla — (kwo) needle ---- ignori — (zwo) ignore, disregard ---- igo — (kwo) yoke (also fig.) ---- ikra — (kwo) calf (of leg) ---- ilusion — (kwo) illusion, delusion fai ilusion om koysa — cherish/harbor an illusion about smth defai ilusion (desilusioni) — (zwo) become disillusioned/disappointed desilusiona — (kwo) disillusionment, disenchantment, disappointment ---- imaja — (kwo) image ---- imajini — (zwo) imagine (to form a mental image of something; to envision or create something in one's mind; to use one's imagination) imajina — (kwo) imagination ---- imbati — (zwo) strike (against), run (against), run into, bump into, stumble upon imbati kontra chyenlok — run aground ---- imiti — (zwo) imitate imita — (kwo) imitation ---- impedi — (zwo) impede, hinder impedi-korda — hobble, fetter impeda — (kwo) hindrance, impediment ---- imperia — (kwo) empire imperator — (kwo) emperor ---- importi — (zwo) import importa — (kwo) import, importation Ant.: exporti ---- impresi — (zwo) impress (produce impression, affect strongly) impresa — (kwo) impression ---- impulsa — (kwo) impulse ---- in — (konekti) 1) in, at (refers to location) Me jivi in Rusia. — I live in Russia. In sey shulin funga yok. — There are no mushrooms in this forest. 2) in, on (refers to time) in petdi — on Friday in same taim — at the same time (=samtaim-nem) in lai-she yar — in the next year 3) in (other meanings) Lu es in nove palto. — He wears a new overcoat. kreda in boh — belief in god in tal kasu — in such case inen — (konekti-komo) inside, within Inen dom es warme. — It's warm inside the house. Me es inen, zin ba! — I am inside, come in! inenklaida — (kwo) underclothes, underwear inenlanda — (kwo) inland inen-taraf — (kwo) the inside ---- incha — (kwo) inch (unit of length) ---- indexa — (kwo) index (number, ratio) ---- India — (kwo) India (also "Bharat") See also: hindi ---- indigni — (zwo) be indignant indigna — (kwo) indignation indigna-nem (indignem) — (komo) indignantly ---- indiki — (zwo) indicate, point indika — (kwo) indication (act of pointing out; sign, token) ---- individu — (kwo) individual (single person or animal) individuale — (kwel) individual individualisma — (kwo) individualism ---- indulgi — (zwo) be indulgent, make allowance for, forbear to inflict indulga — (kwo) lenience, indulgence indulgishil — (kwel) indulgent, lenient ---- infanta — (kwo) infant ---- infarkta — (kwo) infarction ---- infekti — (zwo) infect infekta — (kwo) infection ---- inferna — (kwo) hell, inferno inferna-ney, infernalik — (kwel) infernal, hellish ---- inflama — (kwo) inflammation (morbid condition) inflami — (zwo) inflame ---- inflasion — (kwo) inflation (econ.) ---- infli — (zwo) inflate infli balon/tara — inflate a baloon/tire infla — (kwo) inflation (for the economical meaning “inflasion” is used) ---- influsi — (zwo) influence, affect influsa — (kwo) influence ---- informi — (zwo) inform informa — (kwo) information (also “info”) ---- infrarude — (kwel) infrared ---- Ingland — (kwo) England Ingland-jen — inhabitant/citizen of England ---- inglish — (kwel, kwo) English (relating to ethnicity, language or country); English (person of English ethnicity); English language Ob yu shwo inglish? — Do you speak English? ---- ingoma — (kwo) a kind of African drum ---- ingravi — (zwo) carve, engrave ingrava — (kwo) carving, engraving ---- inisi — (zwo) initiate (to set going by taking the first step; to introduce into a sosiety, club, etc. by formal rites) inisa — (kwo) initiation Syn.: begin ---- inisiativa — (kwo) initiative ---- injenior — (kwo) engineer ---- inkarni — (zwo) incarnate inkarna — (kwo) incarnation ---- inklina — (kwo) slant, slope; physical tilt or bend; inclination (act; mental tendency) flanka-inklina — (kwo) list, heel, careen, bank inklini — (zwo) incline (bend; slope; tend) ---- inklusi — (zwo) include inklusi-yen — (konekti) including inklusa — (kwo) inclusion ---- inkombri — (zwo) encomber, obstruct, block, hinder in passing ---- inkweri — (zwo) inquire, make inquiries ---- inloo — (gramatika) marks non-immediate relatives mata-inloo — (kwo) mother-in-law brata-inloo — (kwo) cousin son-inloo — (kwo) nephew kindocha-inloo — (kwo) grandniece brata-inloo-inloo — (kwo) second cousin ---- inlubi — (zwo) fall in love (with) Lu es inluben om/in ela. — He is in love with her. inluba — (kwo) the state of having fallen in love ---- inmurisi — (zwo) immure, mure, wall up, brick up (Origin: in+mur+isi) ---- inosente — (kwel) innocent, guileless, artless inosensia — (kwo) innocence ---- inplas — (konekti) instead (of), in place (of) Dai a me sey kalam inplas toy-la. — Give me this pencil instead of that one. Go dar inplas me! — Go there instead of me! Gai zwo inplas shwo. — One should act, not speak. Lu plei inplas gun. — He plays instead of working. inplasi — (zwo) be instead of, fill in, act as a substitute ---- insekta — (kwo) insect ---- inserti — (zwo) insert, put in, set in inserta — (kwo) insertion ---- insidenta — (kwo) incident, occurrence ---- insisti — (zwo) insist ---- inspiri — (zwo) inspire (by divine instruction, poetic spirit, ideas) inspira — (kwo) inspiration ---- instali — (zwo) install instali swa — (zwo) install oneself Afte instali swa in may favorite stula, me bu pri en-stan. — Once I've installed myself in my favourite chair, I don't like to get up. instala — (kwo) installation ---- instinkta — (kwo) instinct instinkta-ney — (kwel) instinctive ---- institut — (kwo) institute ---- instrukta — (kwo) instruction (directions on procedure, a direction to be obeyed — cf. “talim”) instrukti — (zwo) instruct, brief, give instructions instrukting — (kwo) briefing, instruction ---- insulti — (zwo) insult, affront insulta — (kwo) insult, affront ---- integre — (kwel) integral, entire, complete, whole, all parts properly united and present integritaa — (kwo) integrity, entirety teritoriale integritaa — territorial integrity integri — (zwo) integrate (intr./tr.) integrisi — (zwo) integrate, render entire integrifi — (zwo) integrate (intr.) integrisa, integrifa — (kwo) integration ---- intele — (kwel) clever nointele — (kwel) silly, stupid (cf. "saje") ---- intelekta — (kwo) intellect intelekta-ney — (kwel) intellectual ---- intense — (kwel) intense, intensive intensisi — (zwo) intensify (tr.) intensifi — (zwo) intensify (intr.) ---- intenti — (zwo) intend, purpose, have in mind intenta — (kwo) intention, purpose hao intenta — good intentions pa intenta — on purpose, intentionally sin intenta — unintentionally intenta-ney (intente) — (kwel) intentional, deliberate, premeditated intenta-nem (intentem) — (komo) intentionally, on purpose ---- inter — (konekti) between inter skay e arda — between the sky and the earth mutuale samaja inter jenmin — mutual understanding between the peoples interen — (komo) between (them), in between; in the meantime ---- interes — (kwo) interest (attention, concern) interes-ney — (kwel) interesting interesi — (zwo) interest se interesi me gro — it interests me greatly fai interes om koysa — take an interest in smth defai interes om koysa — lose interest in smth ---- interfai — (zwo) intervene, interfere interfai inter gambas — get under smb's feet ---- intermiti — (zwo) intermit ---- internasion-ney — (kwel) international Syn.: interjenmin-ney ---- interne — (kwel) internal Syn.: inen-ney Ant.: externe ---- internet — (kwo) Internet ---- interplexi — (zwo) interlace, intertwine (Origin: inter+plexi) ---- interrupti — (zwo) interrupt, break off ---- intershanji — (zwo) exchange; interchange intershanja — (kwo) exchange; interchange ---- interspas — (kwo) interspace (Origin: inter+spas) ---- intertaim — (kwo) a period between pa intertaim — (komo) in the meanwhile, meantime Ta ve lai sun. Pi ba kahwa pa intertaim. — He'll be back soon. Meantime, have a cup of coffee. (Origin: inter+taim) ---- interval — (kwo) interval ---- intervyu — (kwo) interview intervyui — (zwo) interview ---- intrigi — (zwo) intrigue intriga — (kwo) intrigue ---- introdukti — (zwo) introduce (begin, preface; put inside or into; bring into use; provide smb with a beginning knowledge — cf. “prisenti”) introdukta — (kwo) introduction ---- intrusi — (zwo) intrude intrusa — (kwo) intrusion ---- intuision — (kwo) intuition intuision-ney — (kwel) intuitive ---- inu — (loko-komo) into Ela lopi-te inu shamba. — She ran into the room. Kan inu! — Look inside! Nulwan mog transformi fer inu golda. — Nobody can change iron into gold. ---- inundi — (zwo) inundate, flood inunda — (kwo) flood, inundation ---- inupon — (zwo) input, enter ---- inuspiri — (zwo) inhale, breathe in inuspira — (kwo) inhalation Ant.: ausspiri ---- invadi — (zwo) invade invada — (kwo) invasion ---- invalida — (kwo) invalid (one who is sickly or disabled) ---- inventi — (zwo) invent inventa — (kwo) invention ---- inverse — (kwel) inverse, inverted inversem — (komo) vice versa inversa — (kwo) the contrary, the reverse, opposite ---- investigi — (zwo) investigate, research, inquire into investiga — (kwo) investigation, research ---- inviti — (zwo) invite invita — (kwo) invitation ---- inyekti — (zwo) inject inyekta — (kwo) injection ---- iradi — (zwo) find fault, carp, cavil, nag ---- iri — (zwo) be angry (om koysa/koywan — at/with smth/smb) ira — (kwo) anger, ire, wrath gro-ira — great anger, rage ira-ney — (kwel) angry, cross ira-nem — (komo) angrily, crossly irisi — (zwo) anger, enrage irisi-ney — (kwel) incensed, infuriated, enraged irishil — (kwel) short-tempered ---- ironia — (kwo) irony ironike — (kwel) ironical ---- isla — (kwo) island islajen — (kwo) islander ---- islam — (kwo) Islam islamjen — (kwo) Islamite ---- isoli — (zwo) isolate; insulate isola — (kwo) isolation; insulation ---- it — (inplas-kwo) it (inanimate) Es may tabla. — This is my table. Me pri it. — I like it. Me pon kitaba on it. — I put a book on it. ---- Italia — (kwo) Italy Italia-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Italy ---- italiano — (kwel), (kwo) Italian (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Italian (person of Italian ethnicity); Italian language ---- iva — (kwo) willow ---- iven — (komo) even ta bu jan iven to — he doesn't know even that ta gun iven al morbi — even when he is sick, he works (cf. "yoshi") ---- jabra — (kwo) jaw ---- jadu — (kwo) sorcery fai jadu — do/practice sorcery, conjure mah-jadu — (zwo) bewitch, enchant jadujen — (kwo) sorcerer/sorceress jaduman — (kwo) sorcerer jadugina — (kwo) sorceress; witch jaduleker — (kwo) witch-doctor, quack doctor jadu-shwosa — (kwo) spell, exorcism ---- jagi — (zwo) be awake; vigil jaging, jaga — (kwo) wakefulness, vigil en-jagi, jagifi — (zwo) wake up (intr.) jagisi — (zwo) wake up (tr.) jagiser — alarm clock ---- jaka — (kwo) jacket (a short coat) ---- jaketa — (kwo) jacket (a piece of a person’s suit) ---- jal — (zwo) be on fire, burn ek-jal — (zwo) burn, cauterize ek-jal finga — burn one's fingers jalsa — (kwo) burning jal-she — (kwel) ablaze, burning jalka — (kwo) fuel mah-jal — (zwo) burn (to cause to be consumed by fire) finjal — (zwo) burn down ---- jalusa — (kwo) jealousy jalusi — (zwo) be jealous (of) jalusnik — (kwo) jealous man ---- jami — (zwo) gather jami amigas — gather friends jami asembla — gather a meeting jami fruta — gather fruits jamitura — (kwo) that which has been gathered (cf. "kolekti, rekoli") ---- jamile — (kwel) beautiful, handsome, pretty ela es jamile gina — she is a pretty woman jamilitaa — (kwo) beauty (property) jamilina — (kwo) beauty (beautiful woman) jamilo — (kwo) handsome man ---- jan — (zwo) know Me jan to. — I know that. Ta bu jan nixa. — He doesn't know anything. en-jan — (zwo) get to know, learn jansa — (kwo) knowledge jan-sha, jannik — (kwo) connoisseur (cf. "koni") ---- jangla — (kwo) jungle ---- janmi — (zwo) be born; give birth to ta janmi in yar 1975 — he/shi was born in 1975 janma — (kwo) birth janmadey — (kwo) birthday janmalanda — (kwo) native land, homeland, motherland janmalok — (kwo) native place, home janmalingwa — (kwo) native language janmamarka — (kwo) birthmark, mole janming — (kwo) childbirth, delivery janmer — (kwo) parent ---- janmog — (zwo) know how to, can Me janmog gani, yu janmog rasmi, bat nu ambi bu janmog swimi. — I can sing, yu can draw, but we both cannot swim. janmogsa — (kwo) ability, skill, know-how (Origin: jan+mog) ---- januar — (kwo) January (also mes-un) ---- jaopay — (kwo) signboard ---- japat — (kwo) fit (seizure; outburst of emotion); gust feng japat — a gust of wind japat-ney feng — gusty wind ---- japunga — (kwo) dragonfly ---- jatile — (kwel) intricate, sophisticated ---- jawabi — (zwo) answer jawaba — (kwo) answer jawaba-ney — (kwel) reply, return jawaba-ney leta — reply (letter), return mail ---- jay-jay — (exklami) hip, hip, hooray! jay-jaysa — (kwo) cheers, hurrahing jay-jayka — (kwo) cheer (a shout of congratulation) Syn.: huraa ---- jel — (kwo) gel ---- jelee — (kwo) jelly ---- jem — (kwo) jam (sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar) ---- jen — (kwo) man (human, any man or woman) jenley — (kwo) mankind jen-ney — (kwel) human jenlik — (kwel) human, humane (characteristic of human) jenful — (kwel) crowded auslandajen — (kwo) foreigner lubijen — (kwo) loved one, lover samlandajen — (kwo) compatriot samtaimjen — (kwo) contemporary (coexistent in time) sendijen — (kwo) envoy ---- jengun-ney — (kwel) man-made, artificial jengun-silka — artificial silk ---- jenmin — (kwo) people (nation) jenmin(-ney) — (kwel) people's interjenmin-ney — (kwel) international ---- jenta — (kwo) folk, (a particular group of) people islajenta es hao jenta — islanders are good folk urbajenta sempre hasti — townspeople always hurry gunjenta — (kwo) workpeople yunge jenta — (kwo) youth, young people ---- jesti — (zwo) gesture, gesticulate jesta — (kwo) gesture (motion of the limbs or body) jestalingwa — the gesture language, pantomime jesting — (kwo) gesticulation ---- jet-ney — (kwel) jet, jet-propelled jet-avion — jet, a jet-propelled aircraft ---- jigyas — (kwo) curiosity, inquisitiveness jigyas-ney — (kwel) curious (eager to learn — cf. “kuriose”) ---- jila — (kwo) vein (blood vessel; nervure; lode; a long strip of a different colour — cf. “vena”) ---- jinja — (kwo) ginger ---- jinsa — (kwo) jeans, denim ---- jirafa — (kwo) giraffe ---- jita — (kwo) victory jiti — (zwo) win ---- jiva — (kwo) life jiva-ney (jive) — (kwel) living, alive jivaful — (kwel) lively, animated jivika — (kwo) living thing/being/creature jivi — (zwo) live jivishil — (kwel) viable, tenacious of life rijivi — (zwo) resuscitate, revive Krista rijivi! — Christ has arisen! rijivifi — (zwo) return to life rijivisi — (zwo) bring back to life ---- joi — (zwo) be glad, be happy, rejoice me joi al vidi yu — I am glad to see you joisa — (kwo) joy joisaful — (kwel) joyful joisi — (zwo) gladden, make happy ---- joki — (zwo) joke joka — (kwo) joke ---- jor — (kwo) joint, articulation ---- jota — (kwo) harness joti — (zwo) harness ---- judi — (zwo) judge judike — (kwel) judicial juda — (kwo) judgement judura — (kwo) judgement of court, adjudication judiguan — (kwo) law-court; tribunal judidela — (kwo) court trial, case judista — (kwo) judge prejuda — (kwo) prejudice ---- jui — (zwo) enjoy (feel with pleasure, revel in) prejui — (zwo) look forward to, foretaste juisa — (kwo) delight, enjoyment ---- juk — (kwo) beetle, bug meyjuk — (kwo) cockchafer, may-bug gubrajuk — (kwo) dung-beetle lumijuk — (kwo) firefly, glowworm saltijuk — (kwo) grasshopper preijuk — (kwo) mantis ---- juli — (zwo) defraud, cheat, swindle jula — (kwo) fraud (act) julnik — (kwo) fraud (person) Syn.: trompi ---- jumla — (kwo) clause, sentence (gram.) ---- Jungwo — (kwo) China Jungwo-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of China See also: han ---- jupa — (kwo) skirt ---- Jupiter — (kwo) Jupiter ---- jura — (kwo) law (legal system — cf. “kanun”) internasion-ney jura — international law jura-ney — (kwel) juridical, law, legal jurista — (kwo) lawyer, jurist ---- jurap — (kwo) stockings jurap-tasma — (kwo) garter ---- juri — (kwo) jury ---- jurnal — (kwo) magazine (periodical), journal jurnalista — (kwo) journalist, newsman ---- jus — (kwo) juice; sap frutajus — fruit juice jus-ney — (kwel) juicy jusnesa — (kwo) succulence ---- juste — (kwel) just (equitable, fair) justitaa — (kwo) justice, fairness nojuste — (kwel) unjust, unfair nojustitaa — (kwo) injustice, unfairness ---- justifiki — (zwo) justify gola justifiki medias — the end justifies the means justifika — (kwo) justification ---- justis — (kwo) justice (the civil power dealing with law) ---- kabel — (kwo) cable (assembly of wires for electricity or a communications system) ---- kabina — (kwo) cab, cockpit, cabin (compartment for driver, pilot, or user) ---- kabluk — (kwo) heel (part of shoe — cf. “topuk”) ---- kabra — (kwo) grave, sepulchre, tomb kabralok — (kwo) cemetery, graveyard ---- kabu — (kwo) cape, promontory ---- kada — (inplas-kwel) every kada dey — every day kadalok — (inplas-komo) everywhere kadawan — (inplas-kwo) everyone kadawan jan, ke... — everyone knows that... Me inviti yu oli. Kadawan mog lai. — I invite all of you. Everyone may come. ---- kadena — (kwo) chain kadena de montas — chain of mountains ---- kafee — (kwo) coffee house/bar/shop, café, cafeteria kafeeyuan — (kwo) café worker ---- kafkaf — (kwo) cough kafkafi — (zwo) cough ek-kafkafi — (kwo) cough once, give a cough ---- kafsa — (kwo) cage (an enclosure made of bars) ---- kahwa — (kwo) coffee kahwa bona — coffee beans kahwadan — (kwo) coffee-pot kahwabaum — (kwo) coffee tree kahwameler — (kwo) coffee-mill ---- kaif — (kwo) delight, rapture, ecstasy Syn.: juisa ---- kaila — (kwo) wedge ---- kaki — (zwo) do caca kaka — (kwo) caca Syn.: feki ---- kalabi — (zwo) tumble, somersault kalaba — (kwo) tumble, somersault ---- kalafati — (zwo) caulk ---- kalam — (kwo) a writing tool; pencil bolkalam — (kwo) ballpoint pen kalamdan — (kwo) pencil-box sikin do kalam — (kwo) penknife kolorkalam — (kwo) colour pencil ---- kalamar — (kwo) squid ---- kalenda — (kwo) calendar ---- kalibra — (kwo) calibre, bore, gauge kalibri — (zwo) calibrate, gauge kalibring — (kwo) calibration ---- kalina — (kwo) viburnum, guelder-rose ---- kalka — (kwo) tracing paper; tracing paper copy; calque kalki — (zwo) trace (copy) ---- kalkuli — (zwo) calculate, compute kalkula — (kwo) calculation ---- kalkun — (kwo) turkey man-kalkun (kalkuno) — (kwo) turkey cock gin-kalkun (kalkunina) — (kwo) turkey hen yunkalkun — (kwo) turkey-poult ---- kalme — (kwel) calm (cf. “kyete”, “trankwile”) kalmitaa — (kwo) calm kalmi — (zwo) calm (intr./tr.) kalmifi (fa-kalme) — (zwo) become calm, calm down kalmisi (mah-kalme) — (zwo) make calm, calm kalmiser — (kwo) sedative kalming — (kwo) calming ---- kalson — (kwo) long johns, long underwear, drawers ---- kalve — (kwel) bald, having but little hair kalvika — (kwo) bald spot/patch ---- kalyum — (kwo) potassium ---- kama — (kwo) bed (for sleeping — cf. "kyar") fai kama — go to bed ---- kamar — (kwo) girdle pa kamar, in kamar — in one's belt kamari — (zwo) girdle ---- kamarada — (kwo) comrade, mate ---- kamel — (kwo) camel ---- kamera — (kwo) camera (photo, video) ---- kamfer — (kwo) camphor ---- kamila — (kwo) camomile ---- kamin — (kwo) fireplace ---- kamina — (kwo) road hao kamina — good road ---- kamion — (kwo) lorry, truck (motor vehicle) ---- kamisa — (kwo) shirt ---- kamon — (exklami) come on (an expression of encouragement, hurrying up, or disbelief) kamon, shwo! — come on, speak! kamon, go kway! — come on, go quickly! ---- kampa — (kwo) camp (outdoor place; group of people) kampi — (zwo) camp ---- kampania — (kwo) campaign ---- kan — (zwo) look (try to see; to face or present a view), watch (view) kan TV — watch TV winda kan gata — windows face the street kan sirkum — to look around kan bak — look behind, glance back ek-kan — glance quickly kansa — (kwo) look (action of looking; expression of eyes), glance al un-ney kansa — at first sight ---- kana — (kwo) cane, reed (bot.) sukra-kana — (kwo) sugar-cane ---- kanal — (kwo) canal; channel ---- kanalya — (kwo) rascal, scoundrel ---- kanapa — (kwo) hemp kanapafibra — (kwo) hemp fiber ---- kandela — (kwo) candle kandeladan — (kwo) candlestick ---- kandidat — (kwo) candidate ---- kanela — (kwo) cinnamon ---- kanga — (kwo) comb (a toothed implement) kangi — (zwo) comb kangi swa — comb one's hair trakangi — (zwo) comb (search thoroughly; look through) kanging — (kwo) combing ---- kanguruu — (kwo) kangaroo ---- kanon — (kwo) cannon (artillery piece) ---- kanser — (kwo) cancer (disease) ---- kanula — (kwo) cannula ---- kanun — (kwo) law kanun-ney — (kwel) legal nokanun-ney — (kwel) illegal ---- kanva — (kwo) canvas ---- kao — (kwo) shackles, irons; handcuffs, manacles handa-kao — (kwo) handcuffs, manacles kaovati — (zwo) handcuff ---- kaosa — (kwo) chaos ---- kapa — (kwo) head; prow spilakapa — pinhead kol-kapa — head of cabbage ---- kapable — (kwel) capable, able kapablitaa — (kwo) ability, faculty, capability ---- kapak — (kwo) lid (cover) genukapak — kneecap, patella winda-kapak — shutter ---- kapal — (kwo) skull ---- kapase — (kwel) capacious, able to hold kapasitaa — (kwo) capacity ---- kapitan — (kwo) captain (milit., naval) ---- kaporal — (kwo) corporal (officer) ---- kapra — (kwo) cloth (woven fabric, material, stuff); linen kotonkapra — cotton fabric linkapra — linen cloth mortakapra — shroud, cerement kamakapras — bed-clothes ---- kaprisa — (kwo) whim, caprice kaprisi — (zwo) be capricious kaprisnik — (kwo) capricious/self-willed person ---- kapti — (zwo) catch, capture, seize kapta, kapting — (kwo) capture (act of capturing), catching kaptiwat — (kwo) capture (smth captured), prey kapter, kaptika — (kwo) snare, trap kapter, kapti-sha — (kwo) catcher (smb that catches) ---- kapushon — (kwo) hood (covering); cap (protective cover) kalam kapushon — pen cap ---- karabe — (kwel) corrupt, tainted, spoilt; depraved karabisi — (zwo) corrupt (taint, spoil; deprave, demoralize) ---- karada — (kwo) lathe karadi — (zwo) lathe, operate a lathe karader — (kwo) turner, lathe operator ---- karaf — (kwo) carafe, decanter ---- karakter — (kwo) character (distinctive quality of a person or thing) karakter-ney — (kwel) characteristic karakterisi — (zwo) characterize ---- karamel — (kwo) caramel karamelisi — (zwo) caramelize ---- karat — (kwo) carat ---- karavan — (kwo) caravan ---- karbon — (kwo) carbon (chem.) karbonisi — (zwo) carbonize karbonisa — (kwo) carbonization ---- kardamom — (kwo) cardamom ---- kare — (kwel) dear (loved — cf. “guy”) Kare amigas! — Dear friends! ---- karesi — (zwo) caress, fondle with affection karesa — (kwo) caress ---- karga — (kwo) freight, cargo, lading kargi — (zwo) freight ---- kariera — (kwo) career (occupation; the general course or progression of one's working life or one's professional achievements) ---- karikatura — (kwo) caricature karikaturi — (zwo) caricature caricaturist karikaturista — (kwo) caricaturist ---- karim — (kwel) kind (kindhearted) bi karim — will you be so kind as, please karimtaa — (kwo) kindness ---- karitaa — (kwo) charity, spiritual benevolence ---- karkasa — (kwo) framework, skeleton See also: skelet ---- karke — (kwel) rough, coarse, rude, harsh, rugged karkem — (kwel) roughly, coarsely, rudely ---- karmin — (kwo) carmine karmin-ney — (kwel) carmine ---- karota — (kwo) carrot ---- karpenti — (zwo) carpenter karpenter — (kwo) carpenter karpentifah — (kwo) carpentering ---- karpus — (kwo) watermelon ---- karta — (kwo) card nam-karta — (kwo) visiting card armee-karta — (kwo) military ID yuan-karta — (kwo) membership card ---- karton — (kwo) cardboard, pasteboard ---- kartun — (kwo) cartoon (animated film) ---- kartush — (kwo) cartridge (ammunition) kartushdan — (kwo) bandoleer, ammunition belt ---- karwe — (kwel) bitter karwitaa — (kwo) bitterness ---- kasa — (kwo) cash-box, till; cashier’s stand; fund kaser — (kwo) cashier ---- kasak — (kwo) Cossack ---- kasam — (kwo) oath, vow fai kasam — to make (take) a vow, swear defai kasam — take one’s vow/oath back tori kasam — break one's oath ---- kaseta — (kwo) cassette ---- kasha — (kwo) porridge, gruel, mush; squash; slush, mess, jumble snega-kasha — (kwo) slush, mire ---- kaskasa — (kwo) scales (platelike dermal or epidermal structures — cf. "vaka") kaskasinka — (kwo) a single scale ---- kasrat — (kwo) morning exercises ---- kastana — (kwo) chestnut ---- kastela — (kwo) castle ---- kasu — (kwo) case (instance, event) in sey kasu — in this case in tal kasu — in such case in eni kasu (enikas) — in any case in maiste kasu — in most cases kasuale — (kwel) casual kasualem — (komo) casually ---- kataloga — (kwo) catalogue ---- katapila — (kwo) caterpillar ---- katastrofa — (kwo) catastrophe ---- katedral — (kwo) cathedral ---- kategoria — (kwo) category kategorike — (kwel) categorical ---- kati — (zwo) cut, clip, shear, mow, hew kati herba — mow the grass kata — (kwo) cut kating — (kwo) cutting harkata — (kwo) haircut katiwunda (katura)— (kwo) cut, incised wound kati-kili — (zwo) slaughter ---- katlet — (kwo) cutlet ---- katolike — (kwel) (Roman) Catholic, Catholical katolika — (kwo) (Roman) Catholic (person) katolikisma — (kwo) (Roman) Catholicism ---- katorga — (kwo) penal servitude ---- katran — (kwo) tar, pitch ---- katri — (zwo) cut out (form or shape by severing or incising, e.g. making a dress) katring — (kwo) cutting out ---- kauda — (kwo) tail in kauda de tren — at the tail of the train ---- Kaukas — (kwo) the Caucasus ---- kaulu — (zwo) consider, ponder, take into account kaulu-yen — considering, taking into account kaulusa — (kwo) consideration, taking into account ---- kaunta — (kwo) counter (flat surface on which money is counted, business is transacted, or food is prepared or served) ---- kausa — (kwo) cause (source, reason) bu sin kausa — not without reason; not for nothing kausale — (kwel) causal, causative kausi — (zwo) cause sinkause — (kwel) causeless, groundless ---- kaval — (kwo) horse man-kaval (kavalo) — (kwo) male horse, stallion gin-kaval (kavalina) — (kwo) female horse, mare yunkaval — (kwo) foal shma-kaval — (kwo) jade, nag kavaldom — (kwo) stable, stabling kavaler, kavaljen — (kwo) horseman, rider, equestrian ---- kavaleria — (kwo) cavalry ---- kavalier — (kwo) cavalier (a well mannered man; gentleman) ---- kavi — (zwo) dig, grub kavi arda — dig the earth kaving — (kwo) digging ---- kaviar — (kwo) caviar ---- kazan — (kwo) boiler kazan-ki — (kwo) cauldron vaporkazan — (kwo) steam boiler ---- ke — (gramatika) that (introduces subordinate clause) Me jan ke yu lubi me. — I know that you love me. Me dai a yu may kitaba fo ke yu mog lekti it. — I give to you my book so that you can read it. Es kitaba ke me he lekti. — It's the book that I have read. ---- keb — (kwo) cab, cabriolet ---- kek — (kwo) cake (a sweet baked food) ---- kel — (gramatika) which, who, that (introduces subordinate clause, replaces subject) Es gela kel pri gani. — This is a girl that likes to sing. ---- kela — (kwo) cellar ---- kelke — (inplas-kwanto) some (amount) kelke kitaba — some books kelke taim — some time fo kelke taim — for some time kelkes — several people; some people ---- kem — (gramatika) than Toy gaseta es meno interes-ney kem sey-la. — That newspaper is less interesting than this one. Yu lopi pyu kway kem lu. — You run quicker than him. Me pri sey gaseta pyu kem toy-la. — I like this newspaper more than that one. kem...tem — the...the kem pyu, tem pyu hao — the more the better ---- kemia — (kwo) chemistry organike kemia — organic chemistry kemier — (kwo) chemist (person working in chemistry) kemike — (kwel) chemical ---- ken — (kwo) can (vessel); tin can (also "tin ken") pintaken — can of paint ---- kepa — (kwo) cap with a peak ---- kerna — (kwo) kernel ---- kerosin — (kwo) kerosene ---- kes — (kwo) cheese ---- ketla — (kwo) kettle (vessel for boiling water for tea) ---- ki — (syao) "little, a little" (diminutive particle) dom – dom-ki — house – a little house Jon – Jon-ki — John – Johnny somni – somni-ki — to sleep – to take a nap ---- kiba — (kwo) fang ---- kibrit — (kwo) matches un kibrit — a match kibritdan — (kwo) matchbox ---- kicha — (kwo) mud kicha-ney — (kwel) muddy, miry ---- kif — (kwo) funnel (utensil) ---- kiki — (zwo) kick kiki-boxing — kick-boxing kika — (kwo) kick ---- kikiriki — (exklami, zwo) cock-a-doodle-doo; to crow (utter the shrill cry characteristic of a cock or rooster) ---- kili — (zwo) kill kila — (kwo) killing, murder kiler — (kwo) killer ---- kilogram (kilo) — (kwo) kilogram ---- kilometra — (kwo) kilometre dwashi kilometra per ora — twenty kilometres per hour ---- kilya — (kwo) keel ---- kimbimba — (kwo) creeps, goose bumps fai kimbimba — to feel creeps ---- kinah — (kwo) louse ---- kinda — (kwo) child kinda-ney — (kwel) child's, children's kindalik — (kwel) childish kinda-yash — (kwo) childhood kinda-dom — (kwo) children's home ---- kinin — (kwo) quinine ---- kinjal — (kwo) dagger, poniard ---- kinkinda — (kwo) grandchild kindocha — (kwo) granddaughter kinson — (kwo) grandson ---- kino — (kwo) cinema (film; art of making films; movie industry) kinoguan — (kwo) cinema (movie theatre) ---- kioska — (kwo) kiosk, stand, stall, booth ---- kiparis — (kwo) cypress ---- kipi — keep (maintain possession or condition of) kipi mani in banka — keep money in bank kipi sekret — keep a secret kipi nada — keep a hope ---- kirka — (kwo) church (house; organization) kirkayuan — (kwo) churchman, clergyman ---- kirsa — (kwo) cherry kirsabaum — (kwo) cherry tree dolchekirsa — (kwo) sweet cherry ---- kisan — (kwo) peasant Syn.: agrajen ---- kisi — (zwo) kiss kisa — (kwo) kiss ---- kisma — (kwo) destiny, lot See also: fata ---- kitaba — (kwo) book kitaba-tana — (kwo) bookshelf kitabakin — (kwo) booklet, brochure kitabaguan — (kwo) library kitabashop — (kwo) bookshop shma-kitaba — (kwo) trash/filthy book kitabnik — (kwo) book lover, bookworm ---- kiwi — (kwo) 1) kiwi (bird); 2) kiwi fruit kiwi-faula — kiwi bird kiwi-fruta — kiwi fruit ---- klaida — (kwo) clothes, clothing, garments klaidi — (zwo) dress, clothe klaidi swa — (zwo) dress oneself klaiding — (kwo) dressing (the activity of getting dressed) klaidilok — (kwo) changing room, locker room deklaidi — (zwo) undress deklaidi swa — (zwo) undress oneself klaidawahta — (kwo) checkroom, cloakroom klaidatot — (kwo) wardrobe (garments as a group) ahfi-klaida — (kwo) disguise ahfi-klaidi — (zwo) disguise ---- klan — (kwo) clan ---- klapi — (zwo) clap klapi handas — clap one's hands klosi-klapi dwar — slam the door klap! — (exklami) pop!, bang! klapika — (kwo) popgun; fly-swatter; flapper See also: slapi ---- klare — (kwel) clear (also fig.); light, light-coloured (cf. "yarke") klare har — fair hair klare dey — bright day selfa-klare — self-evident klarem — (komo) clearly klarifi (fa-klare) — (zwo) grow light(er), grow/become clear, clear up klarisi (mah-klare) — (zwo) clarify, make clear klaritaa — (kwo) clearness, clarity; lucidity klar- — light-: klarblu — light-blue klarhar-ney — fair-haired ---- klas — (kwo) class (in var. meanings) klas-shamba — classroom ---- klasika — (kwo) classic, classics klasike — (kwel) classical klasiker — (kwo) classic (person) ---- klaspa — (kwo) clasp, buckle klaspi — (zwo) clasp, buckle ---- klaun — (kwo) clown ---- klava — (kwo) key (of a keyboard) klavatot — (kwo) keyboard ---- klaxon — (kwo) klaxon klaxoni — (zwo) honk ---- klef — (kwo) key (an object designed to open and close a lock) klef e kufla — the key and the lock klefi — (zwo) lock (fasten with a lock) beklefi koywan — lock smb up ---- klemi — (zwo) press closely together, squeeze, tighten, clench klemika — (kwo) clamp, clip ---- klen — (kwo) maple ---- kleva — (kwo) clover ---- klienta — (kwo) client, customer ---- kliki — (zwo) click, clack klika — (kwo) click, clack ---- klima — (kwo) climate ---- klimbi — (zwo) climb klimbi monta, klimbi pa monta — climb mountains klimbi uupar koysa— (zwo) climb up smth klimbi nich — (zwo) climb down ---- klin — (kwel) clean (not dirty; unmarked; tidy — cf. "pure") klintaa — (kwo) cleanness, cleanliness, neatness klinisi — (zwo) clean, cleanse treba klinisi shamba — one should clean the room klinisa — (kwo) cleaning ---- klingi — (zwo) cling, hold fast or adhere to smth, as by grasping, sticking, embracing, or entwining klingi a koysa — cling to smth See also: lipi ---- klinika — (kwo) clinic (med.) klinike — (kwel) clinical ---- klok — (gramatika) introduces time indication in hours klok dwa — (at) two o'clock kwel klok es? — what time is it? klok ot e haf — half past eight klok tri sin dwashi — twenty minutes to three ---- kloka — (kwo) clock; watch murkloka — (kwo) wall clock handakloka — (kwo) wrist watch kloker — (kwo) watchmaker ---- klon — (kwo) clone kloni — (zwo) clone kloning — (kwo) cloning ---- klor — (kwo) chlorine ---- klosi — (zwo) close, shut klosa — (kwo) closing, closure klosi-ney (klosen) — (kwel) closed, shut beklosi koywan — shut smb in, close smb (somewhere) ---- klota — (kwo) clot kloti — (zwo) clot ---- kluba — (kwo) club (organized group) ---- kluki — (zwo) cluck, cackle ---- knopa — (kwo) drawing pin, thumbtack knopi — (zwo) pin/fix with a drawing pin/thumbtack ---- knuta — (kwo) knout ---- koaguli — (zwo) coagulate koagula — (kwo) coagulation Syn.: kloti ---- koala — (kwo) koala ---- koalision — (kwo) coalition (union of persons, parties or states) ---- kobra — (kwo) cobra ---- koda — (kwo) 1) code (a system of signals or symbols — cf. “kodexa”); 2) coda ---- kodexa — (kwo) code (a systematic collection of laws or regulations — cf. “koda”) ---- kogniti — (zwo) cognize, come to know kognita — (kwo) cognition kognitive — (kwel) cognitive ---- koinsidi — (zwo) coincide koinsida — (kwo) coincidence ---- koiti — (zwo) perform the sexual act koita — (kwo) coitus, coition ---- kojansa — (kwo) conscience ---- ko-jen — (kwo) associate, helpmate yu e yur ko-jen — you and your gang/mates (Origin: ko+jen) ---- kok — (kwo) chicken, hen / cock gin-kok (kokina) — (kwo) hen man-kok (koko) — (kwo) cock yunkok — (kwo) chick kokmasu — (kwo) chicken (meat) ---- koka — (kwo) coca ---- kokete — (kwel) coquettish koketa — (kwo) coquette koketi — (zwo) coquet, flirt ---- kokori — (zwo) squat ---- kokosa — (kwo) coconut (palm or fruit) kokosa-palma — (kwo) coconut palm kokosa-nuta — (kwo) coconut (fruit) ---- koktel — (kwo) cocktail ---- kol — (kwo) cabbage ---- kolar — (kwo) collar (of shirt or garment — cf. “galsatasma”) ---- kolekti — (zwo) collect (mostly in the sense "to accumulate similar items") kolekti kitabas — collect books kolekta — (kwo) collection kolekting — (kwo) collecting kolektura — (kwo) collection (smth. collected) (cf. "jami") ---- kolektiva — (kwo) collective (group, body) kolektiva-ney — (kwel) collective, joint kolektiva-nem — (komo) collectively ---- kolina — (kwo) hill nichen kolina — at the foot of the hill go nich kolina — go down the hill ---- kolona — (kwo) column ---- kolonel — (kwo) colonel subkolonel — (kwo) lieutenant colonel ---- kolonia — (kwo) colony ---- kolor — (kwo) colour kolor(-ney) — (kwel) coloured, colour kolorkalam — colour pencil kolori — (zwo) colour (cf. "pinti") kolora — (kwo) coloration koloranta — (kwo) colorant dekolori — (zwo) discolour ---- kom — (gramatika) 1) as (in comparisons, references) Lu mog gani sam hao kom ela. — He can sing as good as her. Gran kom elefanta. — Big as an elefant. Kom me yo shwo-te — as I've already said. ga kom yu — just like you kom regula — as a rule 2) as, in the capacity of Ela gun kom leker. — She works as a doctor. shwo kom skusa — say for an excuse ---- koma — (kwo) 1) comma dwa koma pet (shifen) — 2,5 puntakoma — (kwo) semicolon 2) coma (med.) ---- komandi — (zwo) be in command; command, order komanda — (kwo) command (order; the right to order) sub komanda de koywan — under command of komander — (kwo) commander ---- kombini — (zwo) combine kombina — (kwo) combination ---- komenti — (zwo) comment komenta — (kwo) comment ---- komersi — (zwo) trade, deal komersa — (kwo) commerce, trade komersa-relatas — commercial relations komersanta — (kwo) merchant, businessman, trader ---- kometa — (kwo) comet ---- komike — (kwel) comic, ludicrous, funny, laughable ---- komitee — (kwo) commitee, board ---- komo — (gramatika) how Komo yu sta? — How are you? Komo yu nami? — What is your name? Komo gao es toy baum? — How high is that tree? ---- komoda — (kwo) chest of drawers ---- kompania — (kwo) company (business firm; one’s companions, companionship) ---- kompanion — (kwo) companion (mate, one who keeps company with another person, one associated with another in an employment) ---- kompari — (zwo) compare (kun koysa — with smth) bukomparibile — (kwel) incomparable; matchless, nonpareil kompara — (kwo) comparison komparike — (kwel) comparative ---- kompatible — (kwel) compatible kompatiblitaa — (kwo) compatibility Syn.: huntibile, konkordi-she, kombinibile ---- kompensi — (zwo) compensate (to counterbalance, to make amends for, to make up for) kompensa — (kwo) compensation ---- kompetente — (kwo) competent kompetensia — (kwo) competence ---- kompeti — (zwo) vie, rival, compete (cf. «konkuri») kompeta — (kwo) competition, rivalry kompeter — (kwo) rival ---- kompili — (zwo) compile kompila — (kwo) compilation ---- komplementa — (kwo) complement (that which is necessary to add to make a thing complete) komplementa-ney (komplemente) — (kwel) complementary komplementi — (zwo) complement li komplementi mutu — they complement each other ---- komplete — (kwel) complete kompletem — (komo) completely kompletisi — (zwo) complete; replenish kompleta — (kwo) (complete) set ---- komplexa — (kwo) complex (a whole) komplexa-ney (komplexe) — (kwel) complex (of a complex) ---- komplike — (kwel) complicated, complex (not simple — cf. "komponi-ney") komplikisi — (zwo) complicate se komplikisi dela — this complicates the matter komplikifa — (kwo) complication ---- komplot — (kwo) conspiracy, plot ---- komponenta — (kwo) component, ingredient ---- komponi — (zwo) compound, compose; consist (aus koysa — of smth) komponi-ney (komponen) — (kwel) composite, compound, complex (made up of multiple parts) kompona — (kwo) composition (general makeup; a mixture or compound) ---- komposi — (zwo) compose (construct by mental labour) komposi musika — compose music komposer — (kwo) composer komposa — (kwo) composition (act; a work of music, literature or art) ---- kompot — (kwo) compote, stewed fruit Syn.: fruta-piwat, fruta-chiwat ---- kompromis — (kwo) compromise ---- kompyuter — (kwo) computer (also "kompa") kompyuterisi — (zwo) computerize ---- komta — (kwo) earl, count ---- komune — (kwel) common (shared), communal ---- komuniki — (zwo) communicate komunika — (kwo) communication ---- kondamni — (zwo) condemn, sentence, doom (cf. “blami”) kondamni koywan a morta — condemn smb to death kondamna — (kwo) sentence; condemnation ---- kondision — (kwo) condition (requirement, term or requisite — cf. "stasa") kondision-ney — (kwel) conditional ---- kondoli — (zwo) condole with (express or feel sympathetic sorrow) kondola — (kwo) condolence ---- kondom — (kwo) condom ---- kondukti — (zwo) conduct (transmit, as heat, light, electricity — cf. "dukti") kondukter — (kwo) conductor (as of heat, electricity, etc.) kondukta — (kwo) conduction, conductivity ---- konekti — (zwo) connect konekta — (kwo) connection konektihisto — (kwo) connective tissue ---- konferensa — (kwo) conference ---- konfesi — (zwo) confess konfesa — (kwo) confession ---- konfidi — (zwo) confide (to), entrust ---- konfirmi — (zwo) affirm, confirm, corroborate konfirma — (kwo) confirmation, corroboration ---- konforme — (kwel) conforming, conformable, complying, compliant konformitaa — (kwo) conformity konformisi — (zwo) conform (tr.) konformifi — (zwo) conform (intr.) ---- konfusi — (zwo) confuse konfusa — (kwo) confusion ---- kongres — (kwo) congress (gathering) ---- koni — (zwo) be acquainted, know Me bu koni toy jen. — I don't know that person. Li bu koni mutu. — They are not acquainted with each other. en-koni — (zwo) become acquainted koni-ney — (kwel) familiar, known kona — (kwo) acquaintance (state of being acquainted) mah-koni — (zwo) acquaint koniwan — (kwo) acquaintance (person) bukoniwan — (kwo) stranger ---- konkesti — (zwo) conquer, subdue, subjugate konkesta — (kwo) conquest, subjugation, subdual ---- konklusi — (zwo) conclude (arrive at a logical conclusion; bring/come to an end) konklusa — (kwo) conclusion pa konklusa — in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up ---- konkordi — (zwo) agree, concord, accord Se bu konkordi kun to ke yu shwo-te yeri. — It doesn't accord with what you said yesterday. konkorda — (kwo) agreement, harmony konkordisi — (zwo) bring into accord / agreement ---- konkrete — (kwel) concrete (specific) Ant.: abstrakte ---- konkuri — (zwo) compete (esp. in business) konkuri-she — (kwel) competitive, rival konkura — (kwo) competition ---- konsenti — (zwo) consent, agree konsenta — (kwo) consent, agreement ---- konsentri — (zwo) concentrate konsentra — (kwo) concentration ---- konsepti — (zwo) conceive (an idea), apprehend konsepta — (kwo) conception, consept ---- konserta — (kwo) concert (musical performance) ---- konservi — (zwo) conserve (keep in a safe and sound state); preserve (of fruits, etc.) konserva — (kwo) conservation, preservation konservika — (kwo) thing conserved, preserve ---- konsi — (zwo) be conscious konsa — (kwo) consciousness konsa-ney (konse) — (kwel) conscious konsa-nem (konsem) — (komo) consciously dekonsi — (zwo) lose consciousness dekonsa — (kwo) loss of consciousness, swoon, faint rikonsi, rifai konsa — (zwo) revive, regain consciousness; come to one's senses sinkonsitaa — (kwo) unconsciousness ---- konsili — (zwo) advise konsila — (kwo) advice konsiler — (kwo) adviser dekonsili — (zwo) dissuade konsilival — (kwel) advisable ---- konsilum — (kwo) council fai konsilum — (zwo) take counsel ---- konsipi — (zwo) conceive (become pregnant — cf. "konsepti", "imajini") konsipi kinda — to conceive a child konsipa — (kwo) conception (formation of a zygote) ---- konsoli — (zwo) console (allay the sorrow or grief of), comfort, solace konsola — (kwo) consolation ---- konstante — (kwel) constant konstanta — (kwo) constant konstansia — (kwo) constancy ---- konstati — (zwo) state, establish, ascertain, certify konstati fakta — to state the fact konstata — (kwo) statement, establishing ---- konstelasion — (kwo) constellation Syn.: stara-figura ---- konstitusion — (kwo) constitution (the fundamental law) ---- konstrukti — (zwo) construct konstrukter — (kwo) constructor Syn.: bildi ---- konsulti — (zwo) consult konsulta — (kwo) consultation konsultanta — (kwo) consultant ---- konsumi — (zwo) consume, use up konsuma — (kwo) consumption ---- kontakti — (zwo) contact kontakta — (kwo) contact ---- kontempli — (zwo) contemplate (to look at attentively and thoughtfully) kontempla — (kwo) contemplation ---- konteni — (zwo) contain, hold kontena, konteniwat — (kwo) content(s) kontener — (kwo) container ---- kontexta — (kwo) context ---- konti — (zwo) count (determine the number or enumerate the digits) konta — (kwo) count, reckoning ---- kontinu — (zwo) continue kontinusa — (kwo) continuation ---- kontinue — (kwel) continuous kontinuitaa — (kwo) continuity ---- kontra — (konekti-komo) 1) against, contrary to kontra may vola — against my will pa kontra a koywan — in defiance of, athwart, to spite smb 2) opposite, in front of (in space) Dom es kontra kirka. — The house is opposite the church. 3) against (contact from an opposite direction; against the background) apogi kontra mur — lean against the wall (syao) "against" kontrakosa — (kwo) opposite, antipode kontratoxin — (kwo) antidote kontrajen — (kwo) opponent, adversary kontrashwo — (zwo) controvert, retort, contradict kontra-ney — (kwel) opposite pa kontra-ney sahil — on the opposite side of the river in kontra-ney kasu — in the opposite case kontra-nem (kontrem) — (komo) the other way round, on (to) the contrary Tak, bu kontra-nem. — So, not otherwise. ---- kontradikti — (zwo) contradict kontradikta — (kwo) contradiction kontradikta-ney — (kwel) contradictory ---- kontribu — (zwo) contribute kontribusa — (kwo) contribution ---- kontroli — (zwo) control kontroli swa — control oneself, to be self-controlled kontrola — (kwo) control kontroler — (kwo) controller ---- konus — (kwo) cone (figure) konus-ney — (kwel) conical ---- konversi — (zwo) convert konversa — (kwo) conversion ---- konvinsi — (zwo) convince me es konvinsi-ney ke ta lugi — I am convinced that he is lying konvinsa — (kwo) persuasion, conviction (act of convincing; a firmly held belief, opinion) konvinsinesa — (kwo) conviction (the state of being convinced) konvinsive — (kwel) convincing ---- konvoki — (zwo) convoke konvoka — (kwo) convocation ---- konyak — (kwo) cognac ---- ko-operati — (zwo) cooperate ko-operative — (kwel) cooperative ko-operata — (kwo) cooperation Syn.: ko-gun ---- kopa — (kwo) bowl (hemispherical vessel; a bowl-shaped object); goblet; calyx; flower cup ---- kopeyka — (kwo) copeck ---- kopia — (kwo) copy kopi — (zwo) copy kopibile — (kwel) copyable koping — (kwo) copying ---- kopra — (kwo) dill ---- korda — (kwo) rope, cord saltikorda — (kwo) skipping-rope ---- kordia — (kwo) heart kordiale — (kwel) cordial, hearty kordialem — (komo) cordially, heartily ---- korekti — (zwo) correct korekta — (kwo) correction korekta-ney (korekte) — (kwel) correct ---- korespondi — (zwo) correspond (answer in character or function, be adequate) koresponda — (kwo) correspondence koresponde, korespondi-she — (kwel) corresponding; respective korespondem — (komo) correspondingly; respectively ---- koridor — (kwo) corridor, passage-way ---- korka — (kwo) cork (bark; stopper) korkatirika — (kwo) corkscrew korki — (zwo) cork dekorki — (zwo) uncork See also: tapa ---- korna — (kwo) horn (of animals, as material or as used in wind instrument) ---- kornanos — (kwo) rhinoceros (Origin: korna + nos) ---- kornea — (kwo) cornea ---- korpa — (kwo) body (but not a group of persons or collection of particulars) ---- korporasion — (kwo) corporation ---- korpus — (kwo) corps diplomatike korpus — diplomatic corps ---- korta — (kwo) court, yard, courtyard; court (all the surroundings of a sovereign) kortayuan — (kwo) courtier (a person in attendance at a royal court) ---- korva — (kwo) raven ---- kosa — (kwo) thing ---- ko-senti — (zwo) sympathize (with), feel (for) ---- kosinus — (kwo) cosine (math.) ---- kosmo — (kwo) cosmos kosmike — (kwel) cosmic kosmokostum — (kwo) space suit ---- kosmonauta — (kwo) astronaut ---- kosti — (zwo) cost Kwanto kosti? — How much does it cost? kosta — (kwo) cost ---- kostum — (kwo) suit (set of clothes) ---- kota — (kwo) cat (feline) man-kota (koto) — (kwo) male cat gin-kota (kotina) — (kwo) female cat yunkota — (kwo) kitten ---- koton — (kwo) cotton ---- kovi — (zwo) brood, incubate, hatch (cause to hatch) kovilot — (kwo) brood ---- kovra — (kwo) cover, covering sub kovra de nocha — under cover of night tablakovra — (kwo) table-cloth kovri — (zwo) cover dekovri — (zwo) uncover bukovri-ney — (kwel) not covered; undisguised ---- koy — (inplas-kwel) some Dar ye koy jen, me bu koni lu. — There is some man there, I don't know him. koygrad — (inplas-komo) to some degree, to a certain extent Yu es prave. Bat sol koygrad. — You are right. But only to a certain extent. koykomo — (inplas-komo) somehow, in some way or other Me mus zwo se koykomo. — Somehow I must do it. koylok — (inplas-komo) somewhere May planeta es koylok dar. — My planet is somewhere there. Pon ya yur bao a koylok. — Do put your bag somewhere. koysa — (inplas-kwo) something Me bu jan kwo es inen. Bat me nadi ke dar ye koysa kel es muy jamile. — I don't know what is inside. But I hope that there is something very beautiful. koytaim, koywen — (inplas-komo) somewhen, sometime, some time Lai ba koytaim manya. — Come tomorrow some time. Ela gwo dansi hao koytaim. — She used to dance well formerly. Koywen me ve hev un gran dom. — Some day I'll have a big house. koywan — (inplas-kwo) somebody Me audi koy vos. Dar ye koywan, baken dwar. — I hear some voice. There is somebody behind the door. koyves — (inplas-komo) sometimes May oma jivi ausen urba. Me visiti ela koyves. — My grandmother lives out of town. I visit her sometimes. ---- kraba — (kwo) crab (crustacean) ---- krai — (zwo) cry (shout — cf. "plaki") kraisa — (kwo) cry (shout) kraishil — (kwel) vociferous kraiyuan — (kwo) town/public crier ---- kraki — (zwo) crackle, crack, crunch kraking — (kwo) crackling, crack, crunch krak! — (exklami) crack! ---- kran — (kwo) faucet, stopcock, tap, spigot ofni kran — turn on a faucet ---- krapi — (zwo) snore krapa, kraping — (kwo) snore, snoring ---- krashi — (zwo) crush, squeeze ---- kreati — (zwo) create kreative — (kwel) creative kreata, kreating — (kwo) creation kreatura — (kwo) creature ---- kreba — (kwo) crawfish, crayfish ---- kredi — (zwo) believe kredi (a) koywan — believe smb. kredi in boh — believe in god kreda — (kwo) belief, faith malkreda — (kwo) superstition krednik — (kwo) true believer, the faithful kredibile — (kwel) credible, verisimilar, believable nokredibile — (kwel) incredible, unbelievable kredival — (kwel) plausible, credible, convincing ---- kredita — (kwo) credit (business, finances) krediti — (zwo) credit ---- krek — (kwo) crack, crevice, fissure, cleft, split kreki — (zwo) crack, cleave kreki nuta — crack nuts kreking — (kwo) cracking ---- krem — (kwo) cream aiskrem — (kwo) ice-cream ---- kren — (kwo) horseradish ---- kresi — (zwo) grow (but not "become") kresa — (kwo) growth dekresi — (zwo) decrease bekresi — (zwo) overgrow livada bekresen bay flor — a meadow overgrown with flowers ---- kresta — (kwo) crest, ridge, top ---- kreta — (kwo) chalk ---- Krim — (kwo) Crimea ---- krimen — (kwo) crime (act) krimenale — (kwel) criminal krimenalitaa — (kwo) criminality; crime (practice) krimenjen — (kwo) criminal ---- kripi — (zwo) creep, crawl ---- krisa — (kwo) crisis ---- Krista — (kwo) Christ kristajanma — (kwo) Christmas kristakreda — (kwo) Christianity kristajen — (kwo) Christian kristisi — (zwo) christen, baptize ---- kristal — (kwo) crystal ---- kriteri — (kwo) criterion ---- kritike — (kwel) critical (1. involving criticism; 2. crucial, pivotal, decisive) ---- kritiki — (zwo) criticize kritika — (kwo) criticism kritika-ney — (kwel) critical, of criticism kritiker — (kwo) critic ---- krokodil — (kwo) crocodile ---- krome — (konekti-komo) besides, in addition to krome to — besides that, moreover Me es gro-fatigi-ney. Krome, taim yok. — I'm very tired. Besides there is no more time. In sey kitaba ye pikturas krome texta. — In this book there are also pictures in addition to the text. Krome lekti it, yu mog yoshi kan pikturas. — Besides reading you can also look at the pictures. (syao) kromegun — work additionally, make some money on the side kromepaga — extra payment ---- krona — (kwo) crown (also fig. as of teeth) kroni — (zwo) crown kroning — (kwo) crowning, coronation dekroni — (zwo) uncrown ---- kronike — (kwel) chronic ---- kros — (kwo) cross krosi — (zwo) cross, intersect krosa — (kwo) intersection, crossing daokrosa — crossroads ---- krosta — (kwo) crust, incrustation; scab (incrustation) pan-krosta — a crust of bread ---- kru — (kwel) raw, crude kru masu — raw meat ---- kruele — (kwel) cruel Syn.: brutale ---- kruga — (kwo) jar, jug, pitcher ---- kruma — (kwo) crumb krumi — (zwo) crumb, crumble ---- krushi — (zwo) crash, collapse krusha — (kwo) crash, collapse, wreck krushisi — (zwo) smash, defeat, beat, shatter krushisa — (kwo) rout, crushing defeat ---- krute — (kwel) steep nokrute — (kwel) slightly/gently sloping Syn.: abrupte ---- ku — (gramatika) interrogative particle Me darfi zin ku? — May I come in? Yu pri sey kitaba ku? — Do you like this book? Yu lai ku? — Are you coming? Yu ku lai? — Is it you who will come? See also: ob ---- Kuba — (kwo) Cuba Kuba-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Cuba ---- kuba — (kwo) cube kubike — (kwel) cubic ---- kuda — (kwo) elbow (also a length of pipe with a sharp bend in it) kudi, kudavati — (zwo) elbow wekkudi koywan — elbow smb away ---- kufla — (kwo) lock (device for fastening) pendikufla — padlock ---- kukaracha — (kwo) cockroach ---- kuki — (zwo) cook kuking — (kwo) cooking; cuisine, cooking style kuker — (kwo) cook kukishamba, kukilok — (kwo) kitchen ---- kukla — (kwo) doll ---- kuku — (kwo) cuckoo kuku fai ku-ku — a cuckoo cries "cuckoo" ---- kula — (kwo) bullet (projectile) kuladan — (kwo) case (receptacle for bullet) kulakin — (kwo) (small) shot kulagron — (kwo) shell (projectile for cannon) ---- kulak — (kwo) fist kulak-batala — (kwo) fistfight ---- kulmini — (zwo) culminate, reach the highest point kulmina — (kwo) culmination ---- kulpa — (kwo) guilt es may kulpa — it's my guilt kulpa-ney (kulpe) — (kwel) guilty kulpe om koysa — guilty of smth kulpe versu koywan — guilty towards smb sinkulpa-ney (sinkulpe) — (kwel) guiltless, innocent kulpanesa — (kwo) guiltiness dekulpi — (zwo) absolve (pronounce clear of guilt or blame) dekulpa — (kwo) absolution ---- kultivi — (zwo) cultivate kultiva — (kwo) cultivation ---- kultura — (kwo) culture kultura-ney (kulture) — (kwel) cultural kulturisi — (zwo) culturize ---- kum- — (syao) god- (related through christening) kumpatra — (kwo) godfather kummata — (kwo) godmother kumson — (kwo) godson kumman — (kwo) godfather of one's child; father of one's godchild kumisma — (kwo) nepotism ---- kumin — (kwo) caraway ---- kun — (konekti) with, along with Me yao go adar kun yu. — I want to go there with you. Me pri pi chay kun milka. — I like to drink tea with milk. Gina kun bavul. — Woman with a suitcase. kunem — (komo) with oneself Pren me kunem! — Take me with you! Mani bu es kunem. — I don't have money on me (with me). ---- kunda — (kwo) butt (of gun) ---- kunila — (kwo) rabbit ---- kunpren — (zwo) take with one (Origin: kun+pren) ---- kunshwo — (zwo) converse, talk kunshwosa — (kwo) conversation, talk kunshwoer — (kwo) interlocutor Syn.: toki ---- kupala — (kwo) Midsummer Day ---- kupi — (zwo) buy kupa — (kwo) purchase (act of purchasing or smth purchased) kuping — (kwo) shopping kuper — (kwo) buyer, purchaser ---- kuprum — (kwo) copper ---- kupula — (kwo) cupola, dome ---- kuraja — (kwo) courage, boldness kuraja-ney (kuraje) — (kwel) courageous, bold, daring, audacious kuraji — (zwo) dare, be bold, venture kurajisi — (zwo) encourage, hearten kurajnik — (kwo) man of courage nokuraja — (kwo) cowardice ---- kuri — (zwo) court (someone of the opposite sex), woo ---- kuriose — (kwel) curious (odd, arousing interest because of novelty or strangeness — cf. “jigyas-ney”) ---- kurkuma — (kwo) turmeric ---- kurla — (kwo) curls kurlinka — (kwo) curl kurli — (zwo) curl (intr.) kurlisi — (zwo) curl (tr.), twist into ringlets or coils kurlisa — (kwo) curling, (hair-)wave kurla-ney (kurle), kurlahar-ney — (kwel) curly, curly-haired ---- kursa — (kwo) course (of lessons, of lectures, of study, etc.); (fin.) rate (of exchange); course (direction) ---- kurte — (kwel) short kurti — (zwo) shorten (tr./intr.) mah-kurte (kurtisi) — (zwo) shorten (make shorter) fa-kurte (kurtifi) — (zwo) shorten (become shorter) kurtem — (komo) shortly, in short ---- kurtena — (kwo) curtain kurteni — (zwo) curtain dekurteni — (zwo) uncurtain ---- kurupe — (kwel) ugly, unsightly kurupa — (kwo) ugly creature, ugly person ---- kurve — (kwel) curved, crooked, bent kurva — (kwo) curve kurvitaa — (kwo) curvature kurvi — (zwo) curve, bend (tr./intr.) kurvifi — (zwo) curve, bend (become curved), wind kurvisi — (zwo) curve, bend (cause smth to change its shape into a curve) ---- kushale — (kwel) skilful, deft, dexterous, clever nokushale — (kwel) awkward, clumsy ---- kushen — (kwo) pillow, cushion kushenkuta — (kwo) pillow case ---- kusi — (zwo) bite kusa — (kwo) bite kusishil — (kwel) biting (tending to bite) ---- kuta — (kwo) tegument, coating, envelope (wrapping) baumkuta — (kwo) tree bark letakuta — (kwo) envelope (wrapper for a letter) kuti — (zwo) envelop, wrap, cover, coat dekuti — (zwo) uncoat, unwrap; peel ---- kuydi — (zwo) care, take care; be concerned, worry kuydi kinda — care for children kuydi flor — look after flowers bu kuydi om to — don't worry about that kuyda — (kwo) care, concern, worry kun kuyda — with care kuyda-ney (kuyde) — (kwel) careful, thorough kuyda-nem (kuydem) — (komo) carefully, thoroughly kuydishil — (kwel) careful, considerate, conscientious sinkuyda-ney (sinkuyde) — (kwel) careless; carefree sinkuyda-nem (sinkuydem) — (kwel) carelessly; light-heartedly, with complete unconcern kuydaful — (kwel) preoccupied ---- kwadra — (kwo) square (polygon); check (square) kwadri — (zwo) square (raise to the second power) kwadra-ney (kwadre) — (kwel) square (but not "honest, fair") kwadra-riza — square root kwadras-ney, do kwadras — (kwel) checkered (divided into squares) ---- kwaizi — (kwo) chopsticks chi bay kwaizi — eat with chopsticks un para kwaizi — a pair of chopsticks un ge kwaizi — a chopstick Syn.: chi-stik ---- kwaki — (zwo) croak (of a frog, to make its cry)bakak kwaki — frog croaks ---- kwalifi — (zwo) qualify (characterize; certify) kwalifa — (kwo) qualification ---- kwalitaa — (kwo) quality kwalitaa-ney — (kwel) qualitative ---- kwalma — (kwo) fumes, charcoal fumes ---- kwan — (kwo) well ---- kwanshi — (kwo) ore fer kwanshi — iron ore kwanshilok — (kwo) mine (place where ores and minerals are extracted) ---- kwantitaa — (kwo) quantity kwantitaa-ney — (kwel) quantitative ---- kwanto — (kwesti) how much, how many Kwanto yar yu hev? — How old are you? Kwanto it kosti? — How much does it cost? Me bu ve pagi tanto kwanto lu yao. — I will not pay as much as he wants. ---- kwantum — (kwo) quantum (physics) ---- kwarza — (kwo) quartz ---- kwas — (kwo) kvass ---- kwasi — (konekti-komo) quasi, as if, as it were, as though Ta shwo kwasi me bu audi hao. — He speaks as if I don't hear him well. ---- kway — (kwel, komo) quick, rapid, fast; quickly, rapidly, promptly kway tren — fast train kway kom bliza — as quick as lightning kwaytaa — (kwo) quickness, rapidity; speed, velocity ---- kwaylok — (kwo) rapids ---- kwel — (kwesti) which, what (which one) Kwel es lu? — What is he like? Kwel de li? — Which (one) from them? Kwel kitaba yu zai lekti? — What book are you reading? Suy okos es do kwel kolor? — What color are her eyes? Kwel bus go adar? — What bus goes there? Kwelgrad? — To what extent? ---- kwereli — (zwo) quarrel (engage in a quarrel; dispute angrily) kwerela — (kwo) quarrel, altercation, variance, brawl ---- kwerka — (kwo) oak ---- kwesti — (zwo) ask kwesta — (kwo) question kwesta-ney (kweste) — (kwo) interrogative kwesta-nem (kwestem) — (kwo) interrogatively kwesti-signa — (kwo) question-mark ---- kwiti — (zwo) abandon, forsake, quit Bu kwiti me! — Don't abandon me! kwiti kama — get out of bed kwiti molya, gunsa — quit the wife, the work kwiti fumi — give up smoking ---- kwo — (kwesti) what Kwo yu maini? — What do you mean? Kwo es se? — What is this? Note. "What" as an adjective (before a noun) is "kwel" ---- kwota — (kwo) quota ---- kyar — (kwo) bed (a small plot of cultivated or planted land) florkyar — flower-bed ---- kyete — (kwel) quiet; still (cf. “kalme”) kyetem — (komo) quietly kyetitaa — (kwo) quiet; still ---- Kyete Osean — (kwo) the Pacific ---- la — (gramatika) substantivator, substitute word, singular Me hev dwa rosa. Sey-la es rude e toy-la es blan. — I have two roses. This one is red and that one is white. Bat me pri hwan-la zuy. — But I like the yellow one most. las — (gramatika) substantivator, substitute word, plural Me hev mucho rosa. Me pri blan-las zuy. — I have many roses. I like the white ones most. ---- laba — (kwo) lip ---- label — (kwo) label labeli — (zwo) label ---- laboratoria — (kwo) laboratory ---- ladi — (zwo) go right, go well; put right, put in order, fix up, settle, make smth OK ladi dela — to settle an affair olo ladi — everything goes good ladi kun koywan — get on with smb, be on good terms with smb lada — (kwo) OK-condition, harmony deladi — (zwo) upset, disconcert ---- lagan — (kwo) zeal; diligence, assiduity, painstakingness lagan-ney — (kwel) zealous; diligent, assiduous ---- lagi — (zwo) lie (be in horizontal position; be situated) lagilok — (kwo) den, lair ---- laguna — (kwo) lagoon ---- lai — (zwo) come me lai klok dwa — I'll come at 2 o'clock laisa — (kwo) coming lai-she — (kwel) coming; next lai-she yar — the coming year pa lai-ves — next time lai-sha — (kwo) comer ek-lai — (zwo) to suddenly arrive or appear ---- laik — (gramatika) marker of improvised image-bearing words including onomatopoeic ---- lak — (kwo) lake ---- laka — (kwo) varnish, lacquer laki — (zwo) varnish, lacquer laking — (kwo) varnishing, lacquering ---- lakey — (kwo) lackey (footman; servile follower) Syn.: subnik ---- lakme — (kwel) dainty, tasty, delicious lakme lokma — tasty morsel lakma — (kwo) dainty, delicacy ---- lama — (kwo) 1) lama; 2) llama ---- lampa — (kwo) lamp ---- lan — (kwel) lazy, idle lanfai — (zwo) be lazy, idle one's time away lantaa — (kwo) laziness lannik — (kwo) lazy fellow, idler, sluggard, loafer ---- landa — (kwo) land landi — (zwo) land ---- Landan — (kwo) London ---- langusta — (kwo) spiny lobster, rock lobster ---- lansi — (zwo) throw, cast; hurl; launch fa-lansi a/inu — throw oneself to/into, dash/rush to lansa — (kwo) throw; launch lansika — (kwo) slingshot, (boy's) catapult ---- lanza — (kwo) spear, pike, lance ---- lao — (kwel) old laotaa — (kwo) oldness lao yash — (kwo) old age laojen — (kwo) old person laoman — (kwo) old man laogina — (kwo) old woman laoyuan — (kwo) elder, senior fa-lao — (zwo) grow old, age mah-lao — (zwo) make old, age ---- lapa — (kwo) flap, tail, skirt ---- lapu — (kwo) burdock lapuspika, lapuka — (kwo) bur, prickly husk of burdock lapulif — (kwo) burdock leaf ---- larma — (kwo) tear (drop(s) of liquid from the eyes) ---- laser — (kwo) laser ---- lash — (kwo) cadaver, dead body ---- lasi — (sta) let (allow) lasi me go, lasi me wek — let me go lasi lwo — let fall, drop lasi koywan zin, lasi koywan inu — let smb in lasi me dumi idyen — let me think a little bit Bye lasi me fali! — Don't let me down! ---- laska — (kwo) weasel ---- laste — (kwel) last (final or latest) go pa laste — to go last prelaste — (kwel) last but one, next to last, penultimate; one from the bottom ---- lata — (kwo) patch (piece of material used to mend or cover a hole) lati — (zwo) patch ---- latif — (kwel) affable, polite, courteous ---- latina — (kwel, kwo) Latin (language, person) ---- laudi — (zwo) praise laudi-worda — compliment, commendation laudi-bashan — laudatory speech, eulogy laudike — (kwel) laudatory laudival — (kwel) laudable, commendable, praiseworthy lauda — (kwo) praise ---- laura — (kwo) laurel lauras — laurels ---- laureat — (kwo) laureate ---- laute — (kwel) loud lautem — (komo) loud, aloud, loudly bulautem — (komo) in a low voice, in an undertone lautvos-ney — (kwel) vociferous, loud-voiced ---- lavanda — (kwo) lavender ---- lavina — (kwo) avalanche ---- laxe — (kwel) lax, loose, relaxed, slack laxi — (zwo) relax, loosen (tr./intr.) laxi muskula — relax muscles laxi noda — loosen the knot laxifi (fa-laxe) — (zwo) relax, loosen (become loose or less tense) laxifa — (kwo) relaxation laxisi (mah-laxe) — (zwo) relax, loosen (make smth loose or less tense) laxisi arda — loosen soil ---- laza — (kwo) rubbish, waste, trash, garbage, litter laza monton — scrapheap lazadan — (kwo) dustbin, garbage can, trash can lazalok, lazika — (kwo) dump ---- lefte — (kwel) left lefta — (kwo) left, left side a lefta — (loko-komo) (to the) left Kan a lefta! — Look left! Hir treba turni a lefta. — Here one should turn left. leften — (konekti-komo) at the left (of) Leften ye garden. — There is a garden at the left. Garden es leften dom. — The garden is to the left of the house. ---- legenda — (kwo) legend legenda-ney, legendare — (kwel) legendary ---- legum — (kwo) vegetable legumgarden — (kwo) vegetable garden ---- leki — (zwo) cure, heal, treat (care for medicinally) leking — (kwo) cure, healing, (medical) treatment lekika — (kwo) medicine, drug, cure lekiguan — (kwo) clinic, medical facility leker — (kwo) physician, doctor ---- lekti — (zwo) read lekting — (kwo) reading (act) lektiwat — (kwo) reading (material to read) lekter, lekti-sha — (kwo) reader (person) lektibile — (kwel) readable, legible lekter, lektika — (kwo) reader (device) ---- lektia — (kwo) lecture ---- leleka — (kwo) stork ---- lemar — (kwo) cupboard, closet, press, bookcase, wardrobe lemarkin — (kwo) nightstand, bedside table ---- lenga — (kwo) cold (condition of low temperature) lenga-ney (lenge) — (kwel) cold lenge akwa — cold water es lenge hir — it's cold here me sta lenge — I am cold, I feel cold lenga-nem (lengem) — (komo) coldly jawabi lengem — answer chilly / stiffly lengitaa — (kwo) coldness lengi — (zwo) cool (intr./tr.) lengifi (fa-lenge) — (zwo) cool (get colder, lose heat) lengisi (mah-lenge) — (zwo) cool (make cooler) lengiser — (kwo) cooler lengitura — (kwo) cold (illness) pai/fai lengitura — catch a cold ---- lente — (kwel) slow lentem — (komo) slowly ---- lentila — (kwo) lentil ---- leon — (kwo) lion gin-leon — (kwo) lioness man-leon — (kwo) male lion ---- lepi — (zwo) mould, model, to make a model (in clay, wax) leping — (kwo) moulding, modelling lepitura — (kwo) smth moulded, modelled ---- lerni — (zwo) learn (but not "get to know, find out" — cf. "en-jan") lerner — (kwo) learner lernikitaba — (kwo) textbook, manual lerna, lerning — (kwo) learning lerni-ney — (kwel) learned, erudite lerninesa — (kwo) learnedness, erudition delerni — (zwo) unlearn ---- leson — (kwo) lesson dai leson — give a lesson dukti leson — conduct a lesson ---- lesti — (zwo) flatter, adulate lesta — (kwo) flattery, adulation lestinik — (kwo) flatterer, adulator ---- leta — (kwo) letter (written message) letakuta — (kwo) envelope letayuan — (kwo) mailman, postman fai leta — (zwo) correspond (exchange messages) ---- letnan — (kwo) lieutenant ---- letra — (kwo) letter (a symbol in an alphabet) letravati — (zwo) spell (letters) ---- leuga — (kwo) league (unit) ---- leve — (kwel) light (not heavy; gentle); slight leve musika — light music levifi (fa-leve) — (zwo) lighten (become light or lighter in weight or seriousness) levisi (mah-leve) — (zwo) lighten (make lighter; alleviate) levifa/levisa — (kwo) alleviation; relief ---- lexika — (kwo) vocabulary (words of a language collectively) lexike — (kwel) lexical ---- lexikon — (kwo) dictionary, vocabulary ---- ley1 — (inplas-kwel) their ---- ley2 — (syao) «kind, sort, type» jen man — jenley mankind gaoley talim — higher education ---- li — (inplas-kwo) they, them Li gani hao. — They sing well. Me shwo danke a li. — I thank them. li-ney, ley — (inplas-kwel) their Es li-ney kinda, bu nu-ney. — This is their child, not ours. ---- libre — (kwel) free libritaa — (kwo) liberty, freedom librifi (fa-libre) — (zwo) become/get free librisi (mah-libre) — (zwo) set free, liberate librifa/librisa — (kwo) liberation ---- lider — (kwo) leader (head of; best or dominant person/thing) lideri — (zwo) take first place, be in the lead lidertaa — (kwo) leadership ---- lif — (kwo) leaf; sheet (piece of paper; flat layer of solid material) liftot — (kwo) foliage lifi — (zwo) browse, leaf through liflwosa — (kwo) leaf fall ---- lifti — (zwo) raise, lift, elevate ek-lifti plechas — shrug one's shoulders fa-lifti on pedafinga — rise on tiptoe pren-lifti — pick up lifta — (kwo) rise, elevation lifti swa — (zwo) rise (to one's feets), get up liftika — (kwo) lift, elevator ---- ligi — (zwo) tie, tie up, fasten, bind, link ligi doga — tie up a dog ligi bay wada — bind by promise liga — (kwo) tie, bond; league Jenmin Liga — The League of Nations deligi — (zwo) untie, unfasten, unbind fa-deligi — come untied ---- ligna — (kwo) timber; wood; firewood lignatabla — wooden table lignapuda — sawdust haki ligna — chop wood ligna-ney (ligne) — (kwel) wooden, ligneous ---- lihua — (kwo) ploughshare Syn.: pluga-sikin ---- liki — (zwo) leak lika — (kwo) leak, leakage ---- likwe — (kwel) liquid, fluid likwa — (kwo) liquid, fluid likwi — (zwo) melt (tr./intr.) likwifi (fa-likwe) — (zwo) melt, thaw likwisi (mah-likwe) — (zwo) melt (make liquid) ---- lilak — (kwo) lilac ---- lima — (kwo) lime (citrus fruit) ---- limita — (kwo) limit limiti — (zwo) limit, confine limiti swa — (zwo) limit/restrict oneself limiting — (kwo) limitation limita-ney — (kwel) limit, maximum, top ---- limon — (kwo) lemon ---- limonada — (kwo) lemonade ---- limpa — (kwo) spleen (organ — cf. “splin”) ---- lin — (kwo) flax linkapra — linen cloth ---- linda — (kwo) linden ---- lingwa — (kwo) language ---- lingwistika — (kwo) linguistics lingwistike — (kwel) linguistic ---- linia — (kwo) line (writing, printing, telegraphic, genealogical, military) gas-linia — gas pipeline linisi — (zwo) line, rule (paper, etc.) See also: reka ---- linka — (kwo) hyperlink, link ---- linsa — (kwo) lens ---- lipi — (zwo) adhere (stick fast by or as if by glue) (intr.) lipisi — (zwo) adhere, stick (fasten or attach with an adhesive material) lipi-she — (kwel) adhesive, sticky, glutinous ---- lisan — (kwo) tongue (organ in the mouth) ---- lisensa — (kwo) license (permission) lisensi — (zwo) license ---- lisi — (zwo) lick lisi-pi — (zwo) lap (take in a liquid with the tongue) Kota he lisi-pi milka. — The cat lapped up the milk. ---- lisipedi — (zwo) cringe, grovel, fawn, toady lisipednik — (kwo) toady, lickspittle, bootlicker, sycophant (Origin: lisi+peda) ---- lista — (kwo) list ---- literatura — (kwo) literature literatura-ney (literature) — (kwo) literary ---- liti — (zwo) pour misliti — (zwo) spill See also: sipi ---- litra — (kwo) litre ---- liva — (kwo) lever ---- livada — (kwo) meadow ---- lizarda — (kwo) lizard ---- lo — (gramatika) imparts the meaning of general notion Es lo zuy muhim. — It's the most important thing. Lo tal mus bu repeti. — Such a thing must not repeat. lo sirkum — milieu, surroundings, environment lo longtaim-bak — days of yore ---- loda — (kwo) load, burden lodi — (zwo) load loding — (kwo) loading nichlodi — (zwo) download uuparlodi — (zwo) upload ---- lof — (kwo) loaf (a block of baked bread) ---- logaritma — (kwo) logarithm ---- logika — (kwo) logic logike — (kwel) logical ---- logotip — (kwo) logotype ---- loja — (kwo) lodge (a local chapter of certain fraternal organizations); box (theater) ---- lok — (syao) «place» ahfilok — (kwo) hiding-place habitilok — (kwo) living place, habitation twolilok — (kwo) threshing-floor enilok — (inplas-komo) anywhere a enilok — to any place kadalok — (inplas-komo) everywhere koylok — (inplas-komo) somewhere a koylok — to some place nullok — (inplas-komo) nowhere a nullok — to nowhere, nowhither otrelok — (inplas-komo) elsewhere a otrelok — elsewhither plurilok — (inplas-komo) in several places samlok — (inplas-komo) at the same place, ibidem kwellok — (kwesti) where ---- loki — (zwo) be situated/located en-loki — (zwo) find oneself, come to be lokisi — (zwo) place, station, situate, deploy ---- lokma — (kwo) morsel, a piece (of food) ---- loko — (kwo) place (location), spot, site; locality (cf. “plasa”) lokale — (kwel) lokal lokalisi — (zwo) lokalize ---- lokomotiva — (kwo) locomotive ---- lokwa — (kwo) puddle ---- lon — (kwo) loan (smth lent, esp. money) loni — (kwo) loan, lend; borrow lon-nem — (komo) on loan pren lon-nem — borrow dai lon-nem — lend londaier — (kwo) lender, creditor lonprener — (kwo) borrower ---- longe — (kwel) lengthy; long longem — (komo) at length; for a long time longitaa — (kwo) length long- — long-: longhar-ney — (kwel) longhair ---- longtaim — (taim-komo) (during) long time lu jivi hir yo longtaim — he lives here for a long time se eventi longtaim bak — this happened long ago longtaim bifoo — long before longtaim-ney — (kwel) long-term, prolonged (cf. “dave”) ---- lopata — (kwo) spade (digging tool) ---- lopi — (zwo) run flai-lopi — scud, rush along Ta zin shamba al haf-lopi. — He rushed into the room. lopa, loping — (kwo) run, running loper — (kwo) runner ---- lorda — (kwo) lord ---- lot — (kwo) lot (articles sold as one unit; a number of associated people or things — cf. "kisma") ---- loyale — (kwel) loyal ---- loza — (kwo) mule (the hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse) ---- lu — (inplas-kwo) he, him Lu shwo hao. — He speaks well. Me kredi a lu. — I believe him. Me shwo danke a lu. — I thank him. lu-ney, luy — (inplas-kwel) his Es lu-ney kitaba, bu yu-ney. — It's his book, not yours. ---- lubi — (zwo) love luba — (kwo) love lubaful — (kwel) loving, affectionate en-lubi — (zwo) fall in love lubijen — (kwo) lover, loved one lubijenta — (kwo) lovers swa-luba — (kwo) self-love ---- lubriki — (zwo) lubricate lubrikanta — (kwo) lubricant ---- luchi — (zwo) struggle; wrestle lucha — (kwo) struggle luching — (kwo) wrestling (sport) lucher — (kwo) wrestler, struggler, fighter ---- lugi — (zwo) lie (tell lies) luga — (kwo) lie, lies luger — (kwo) liar lugishil — (kwel) tending to lie ---- luk — (kwo) onion ---- luku — (kwo) hatchway, hatch ---- luli — (zwo) lull to sleep, to soothe, compose, quiet luligana — (kwo) lullaby ---- luma — (kwo) light mah-on luma — turn on the light lumi — (zwo) give light, shine lumisi — (zwo) light, illuminate lumisa — (kwo) illumination luma-ney — (kwel) light (having light) lumaful — (kwel) luminous, full of light ---- luna — (kwo) moon luna-dilim — (kwo) crescent ---- lung — (kwo) Chinese dragon ---- lup — (kwo) loop ---- luserna — (kwo) lucerne, alfalfa ---- lushuy — (kwo) dew ---- lusi — (zwo) lose (also fail to win) lusi taim — lose time lusi dao — lose one's way, get lost lusa — (kwo) loss ---- luta — (kwo) lute ---- luxa — (kwo) luxury luxa-auto — a luxury car luxa-ney (luxe) — (kwel) luxurious luxika — (kwo) something luxurious ---- lwaba — (kwo) salivary foam or sweat froth lwabi — (zwo) lather, froth kaval lwabi — horse lathered up doga lwabi — dog frothed at the mouth ---- lwo — (zwo) 1) fall, drop, come down lasi lwo — let fall lwosa — (kwo) fall, drop mah-lwo — (zwo) throw down, drop 2) conveys the depth of transition into another state/condition: lwo in plaki — burst into tears lwo in ridi — burst out laughing; start roaring with laughter lwo in pyani — take to hard drinking lwo in lekti nove kitaba — to become thoroughly engrossed in reading a new book ---- lyan — (zwo) be attached (to smth/smb — а koywan/koysa), be affectionate (towards) li lyan a mutu — they are attached to each other lyan-ney — (kwel) in mental bonding, attached, devoted lyansa — (kwo) attachment, affection, mental/emotional bonding ---- lyu — (zwo) leave (but not "depart") lyu kinda in dom — leave children at home lyu trasa — leave traces lyu pan a amiga — leave bread to a friend lyu me sole — leave me alone lyu dwar ofni-ney — leave the door open ---- mach — (kwo) match (sporting event) ---- madam — (kwo) madam, lady (a polite form of addressing or naming a woman) See also: sinior, mis ---- madu — (kwo) honey ---- madyar — (kwel, kwo) Hungarian; Hungarian (person); the Hungarian language ---- maestro — (kwo) maestro (musical master) ---- maga — (kwo) mug (large cup) ---- magari — (gramatika, exklami) I wish, if only Magari lu lai! — If only he would come! Magari bi tak! — I wish it were so! Magari nu hev-te sey mani dan! — I wish we had that money then! nomagari Nomagari tren tardi. — I hope the train isn't late. Nomagari! — God forbid! ---- magia — (kwo) magic magike — (kwel) magical magier — (kwo) magician Syn.: jadu ---- magnet — (kwo) magnet magnet-felda — magnetic field magnetisi — (zwo) magnetize (make magnetic) magnetifi — (zwo) magnetize (grow magnetic) magnetisa/magnetifa — (kwo) magnetization ---- magnifike — (kwel) magnificent, splendid, grand Syn.: briliante, gro-hao ---- magre — (kwel) meagre, lean (also poor, deficient or inferior in amount, quality or extent; scanty; inadequate; unsatisfying) ---- mah — (syao-gramatika) «make» (causative particle) gran – mah-gran — big – to make bigger, increase hao – mah-hao — good – to make better, improve blan – mah-blan — white – to whiten jal – mah-jal — to burn, be burning – to burn (smth) chi – mah-chi — to eat – to feed lwo – mah-lwo — to fall – to drop (smth) mah kaval lopi — make the horse run Me mah swa zwo se. — I make myself do it. Se ve mah yu triste. — This will make you sad. ---- mahan — (kwel) majestic, grand, stately, sublime mahantaa — (kwo) majesty, grandeur, greatness Luy Mahantaa — His Majesty ---- mahanatmitaa — (kwo) magnanimity (Origin: mahan+atma+(i)taa) ---- mahta — (kwo) might, power, authority (cf. "potensia") mahtaful — (kwel) mighty, powerful sinmahta-ney — (kwel) powerless, impotent, helpless pa sinmahta-ney furia — in impotent rage ---- maidan — (kwo) square (open place in town); ground, area futbol maidan — futball field ---- maimun — (kwo) monkey ---- maini — (zwo) mean (have in mind; signify) Kwo yu maini bay to? — What do you mean by that? Syn.: signifi ---- mais — (kwo) maize, corn ---- maiste — (gramatika) most (superlative form from "mucho") lu hev maiste mani — he has most money in maiste kasu — in most cases maiste parta — the most part maiste taim — the most time, most of the time maiste jen — most people maistegrad — (komo) to the greatest extent maistem — (komo) mostly, by and large maista, maistitaa — (kwo) majority ---- majbur — (sta) be compelled to, have to, there is no other way but En-pluvi, nu majbur go a dom. — It begins to rain, we have to go home. Meteo es bade, majbur deri avion-ney departa. — The weather is bad, the plane’s departure has to be delayed. Si me bu findi kitaba, me majbur kupi nove-la. — If I don’t find the book, I’ll have to buy a new one. majburi — (zwo) compel, constrain, force, oblige majburi-ney (majburen) — (kwel) forced, compulsory majburi-nem (majburem) — (komo) forcedly, perforce, willy-nilly ---- major — (kwo) major (mus.) Ant.: minor ---- mak — (kwo) poppy ---- makala — (kwo) article (a story, report in a newspaper, journal, etc.) ---- makaron — (kwo) pasta, macaroni ---- maketa — (kwo) layout drawing, layout, (printing) dummy, maquette, mockup, model maketi — (zwo) lay out, breadboard ---- makiaja — (kwo) make-up (cosmetics applied especially to the face) ---- makni — (zwo) dip, dunk ---- mala — (kwo) beads malinka — (kwo) bead ---- malgree — (konekti) in spite of, despite ---- malina — (kwo) raspberry ---- mama — (kwo) mammy, mom, mommy ---- mamila — (kwo) breast (of woman); udder (of animal) mamili — (zwo) suckle mamili-animal, mamiler — (kwo) mammal mamila-kinda — (kwo) infant, nurseling ---- man — (kwo) man, male human (also manjen) manjen klaida — men’s clothes manlik — (kwel) manly manliktaa — (kwo) manliness ko-man — (kwo) male companion; husband (also “mursha”) ---- man- — (syao) "male" man-leker — male physician man-dogа — male dog ---- mandarina — (kwo) tangerine, mandarin ---- mandat — (kwo) mandate, warrant, credentials ---- mandir — (kwo) temple (building for worship) ---- manera — (kwo) manner ---- mangi — (zwo) be busy (with) me mangi, foni poy — I am busy, call later me mangi reporta — I am busy with the report me mangi lekti un kitaba — I am busy with reading a book manga — (kwo) being busy, pressure of work manga-ney (mange) — (kwel) busy, occupied ---- mango — (kwo) mango ---- mangusta — (kwo) mongoose ---- mani — (kwo) money pi-mani — (kwo) tip, gratuity handa-mani — (kwo) ready cash, money in hand manidan — (kwo) purse ---- mania — (kwo) mania mania de persekwa — mania of persecution ---- manifesti — (zwo) manifest, make to appear, show plainly manifesta — (kwo) manifestation ---- manifestu — (kwo) manifesto ---- manikur — (kwo) manicure ---- manili — (zwo) entice, allure, beckon, decoy, inveigle manilika — (kwo) bait, lure ---- manipulati — (zwo) manipulate manipulata — (kwo) manipulation ---- manovra — (kwo) manoeuvre, maneuver manovri — (zwo) manoeuvre ---- mansha — (kwo) sleeve fai manshas uupar — roll up one's sleeves ---- manta — (kwo) blanket ---- mantela — (kwo) mantle, cloak ---- manteni — (zwo) maintain (keep up, keep in the same state, sustain (in a state of stability)) manteni familia — maintain a family manteni-gunsa — maintenance work mantena — (zwo) maintenance, upkeep ---- manuskripta — (kwo) manuscript ---- manya — (taim-komo) tomorrow aftemanya — (kwo) the day after tomorrow ---- mao — (kwo) hair coat; wool; fleece mao(-ney) — (kwel) woolen; hairy longmao-ney — (kwel) shaggy maoshapa — (kwo) woolen cap ---- maori — (kwel, kwo) Maori (relating to ethnicity or language) ---- mapa — (kwo) map ---- mar — (kwo) sea mar(-ney) — (kwel) marine marjen — (kwo) seaman, sailor mar-bata — (kwo) surf ---- margen — (kwo) margin (of book, of paper); (fig.) border, edge (of anything) nota pa margen — notes in the margins ---- marinada — (kwo) marinade marinadi — (zwo) marinade marinaden gurka — pickled cucumber ---- marka — (kwo) mark (sign, token; label; trace) marki — (zwo) mark, denote marking — (kwo) marking ---- markitan — (kwo) sutler ---- marmar — (kwo) marble ---- marmelada — (kwo) marmalade ---- Marsa — (kwo) Mars ---- marshal — (kwo) marshal ---- marshi — (zwo) march (to walk steadily; to participate in an organized walk) marsha — (kwo) march (also music) ---- martanga — (kwo) strait, channel (Origin: mar+tanga) ---- marto — (kwo) March (also mes-tri) ---- masa — (kwo) mass (quantity of matter; a body of matter with no specific shape; the body of common people — cf. “mesa”) masa-media — (kwo) mass medium, mass media See also: menga ---- masala — (kwo) spice; seasoning masali — (zwo) spice, season masala-ney (masale) — (kwel) spicy, savoury, piquant ---- masbute — (kwel) firm; sound, robust, sturdy, solid masbutifi (fa-masbute) — (zwo) grow strong, firm masbutisi (mah-masbute) — (zwo) make stronger, reinforce masbutitaa — (kwo) durability, strength; soundness, solidity ---- mashina — (kwo) machine ---- masive — (kwel) massive ---- masjid — (kwo) mosque ---- maska — (kwo) mask maski — (zwo) mask demaski — (zwo) unmask, unveil ---- maskul — (kwo) male maskul-ney — (kwel) male maskulum — (kwo) gram. masculine gender ---- Masra — (kwo) Egypt ---- masri — Egyptian (of, from, or pertaining to Egypt, the Egyptian people or the Egyptian dialect of Arabic); Egyptian (a person from Egypt or of Egyptian descent) ---- masta — (kwo) master (owner, boss) gin-masta — (kwo) mistress dom-masta — (kwo) master/mistress of the house ---- master — (kwo) master (expert; skilled artist) ---- mastula — (kwo) mast (nautical) ---- masu — (kwo) meat govamasu — (kwo) beef swinamasu — (kwo) pork yanmasu — (kwo) mutton masumeler — (kwo) mincing machine, meat grinder masuyuan — (kwo) butcher ---- mat — (kwo) checkmate, mate ---- mata — (kwo) mother mata-patra — (kwo) parents See also: mama ---- matematika — (kwo) mathematics matematike — (kwel) mathematical matematiker — (kwo) mathematician ---- materia — (kwo) matter, substance materiale — (kwel) material (relating to matter; bodily, physical) materiale munda — material world ---- material — (kwo) stuff, material bildi-material — building materials hao material fo filma — good material for a film ---- matove — (kwel) matte (not reflecting light, not glossy, dull) Ant.: glan-she ---- matras — (kwo) mattress pruja-matras — spring mattress ---- mature — (kwel) ripe, mature mature yabla — ripe apple maturifi (fa-mature) — (zwo) ripen maturitaa — (kwo) ripeness, maturity premature — (kwel) premature ---- maus — (kwo) mouse mauskapter — (kwo) mouse trap yunmaus — (kwo) baby mouse ---- mavi — (zwo) wave (one’s hand); wag mava — (kwo) wave (of hand) ---- maxima — (kwo) maxim ---- maximale — (kwel) maximal, maximum, highest possible maximalem — (komo) maximally ---- maximum — (kwo) maximum ---- may — (inplas-kwel) my, mine ---- mayor — (kwo) major (military rank) ---- mazuta — (kwo) mazut ---- me — (inplas-kwo) I, me a me — to me Me shwo a yu. — I speak to you. Audi ba me! — Listen to me! Jawabi koysa a me! — Answer me something! me-ney, may — (inplas-kwel) my, mine Walaa may kalam. — Here is my pen. Sey kalam es me-ney, bu yu-ney. — This pen is mine, not yours. ---- mebel — (kwo) furniture (movable articles that equip a room, house, etc.) mebelka — (kwo) a piece of furniture mebeli — (zwo) furnish, provide with furniture ---- medalia — (kwo) medal ---- media — (kwo) means, medium bay media de — by means of, through the medium of lekimedia — (kwo) medicinal agent, remedy masa-media — (kwo) mass medium, mass media ---- medike — (kwel) medical medika — (kwo) medic, medical man, medical worker ---- medisina — (kwo) medicine (science, practice — cf. “farmak”) ---- mediti — (zwo) meditate, think over, ponder medita — (kwo) meditation ---- meil — (kwo) mail, post meilguan — (kwo) post office ---- meja — (kwo) measure (also "step, action") meji — (zwo) measure mejibile — (kwel) measurable ---- mekanika — (kwo) mechanics mekanike — (kwel) mechanical mekaniker — (kwo) mechanic ---- mekanisma — (kwo) mechanism ---- melankolia — (kwo) melancholy melankolike — (kwel) melancholic, melancholy ---- meli — (zwo) grind, mill meli wit inu farina — grind wheat into flour melidom — (kwo) mill meliyuan — (kwo) miller kahwameler — (kwo) coffee grinder/mill ---- melodia — (kwo) melody ---- melon — (kwo) melon ---- memba — (kwo) member (a part of a human or animal body; a part of a plant — cf. "yuan") ---- memoria — (kwo) memory pa memoria — from memory memorisi — (zwo) memorize ---- menga — 1) (kwo) a lot, multitude, large body (of smth) menga de kwesta — a lot of questions menga-ney — (kwo) numerous 2) (syao) «a lot, gathering of» moskamenga — (kwo) swarm of flies jenmenga — (kwo) crowd mengi — (zwo) be in multitude, crowd, throng, swarm, mob ---- meno — (gramatika) less, fewer meno kem shi — less than ten Lu lopi meno kway kem yu. — He runs less quick than you. Sey gaseta es meno interes-ney kem toy-la. — This newspaper is less interesting than that one. Nu nadi ke in futur ye meno gwer in munda. — We hope that in future there will be fewer wars in the world. ---- mensioni — (zwo) mention, make mention of mensiona — (kwo) mention, mentioning ---- menta — (kwo) mind, mentality mentale — (kwel) mental mentastasa — (kwo) state of mind ---- menu — (kwo) menu ---- mer — (kwo) mayor ---- merita — (kwo) merit, desert meriti — (zwo) merit, deserve Ant.: nomerita, dosh ---- merki — (zwo) notice, note, take notice of, mark merki pa un-ney kansa — notice at the first sight merki to ke ta shwo — mark what he says merkival — (kwel) notable, noteworthy, remarkable merkibile — (kwel) noticeable bumerki-ney — (kwel) unnoticed sinmerkem — (komo) insensibly ---- Merkuri — (kwo) Mercury ---- mes — (kwo) month mes-ney, kadames-ney — (kwel) monthly ---- mesa — (kwo) (Church) Mass ---- mesaja — (kwo) message ---- met — (kwo) mat (flat piece of material); doormat mausmet — (kwo) mouse mat/pad ---- metal — (kwo) metal metal(-ney) — (kwel) metallic metalka — (kwo) a metallic thing, piece of metal ---- meteo — (kwo) weather badal-ney meteo — cloudy weather ---- metoda — (kwo) method (special or definite system of procedure) metodike — (kwo) methodical ---- metra — (kwo) meter pet metra — five meters ---- metro — (kwo) subway, the underground ---- mey — (kwo) May (also mes-pet) ---- middeyfan — (kwo) lunch ---- mide — (kwel) middle, mean; average midem — (komo) on average midika — (kwo) average mida — (kwo) middle, mean yus in mida de — right in the middle of mid- — (syao) "mid-" midnocha — midnight middey — midday, noon midyash-ney — middle-aged ---- miden — (konekti) amid, in the middle (of), in the midst (of), among miden shamba — in the middle of the room miden amigas — among friends miden nocha — in the middle of the night Miden li ye diverse jen. — There are various people among them. ---- mif — (kwo) myth mifike — (kwel) mythic(al) ---- mifen — (kwo) bee mifendom — (kwo) hive ---- mifologia — (kwo) mythology mifologike — (kwel) mythological mifologisi — (zwo) mythologize ---- migi — (zwo) blink; wink miga — (kwo) blink; wink in miga-taim — in the blink of an eye ---- migri — (zwo) migrate migri-faulas — migrating birds migra — (kwo) migration ---- mikas — (kwo) scissors; shears ---- mikroskop — (kwo) microscope ---- mil — (kwanto) thousand (1000) mil yar — one thousand years tri mil sitsto-shi-sem — 3617 un milfen — one-thousandth ---- miliarda — (kwanto) billion, 1000 millions, 109 miliarder — (kwo) billionaire ---- milion — (kwanto) million, 106 dwa milion — two millions dwa milion petsto mil — 2 500 000 milioner — (kwo) millionaire ---- milka — (kwo) milk dai milka — give milk milka(-ney) — (kwel) milk, milky; dairy Milkadao — Milky Way milki — (zwo) milk milking — (kwo) milking milker — (kwo) milker (person or machine) milki-sha — (kwo) milker (person) ---- milyoo — (kwo) milieu sirkum-milyoo — (kwo) (natural) environment ---- mina — (kwo) mine (explosive device — cf. “kwanshilok”) stavi mina — lay/plant mines minisi — (zwo) mine (lay mines) ---- mindal — (kwo) almond ---- mineral — (kwo) mineral mineral-ney — (kwel) mineral mineral-ney akwa — mineral water mineralisi — (zwo) mineralize ---- minim — (gramatika) least minim kway — least quick(ly) minimgrad — (komo) least of all minimtaa — (kwo) minority ---- minimale — (kwel) minimal, minimum minimalem — (komo) minimally ---- minimum — (kwo) minimum ---- minista — (kwo) minister (high officer of state) ---- minor — (kwo) minor (mus.) Ant.: major ---- minta — (kwo) mint (plant or flavouring) minta-bonbon — mint (candy) ---- minuta — (kwo) minute ---- mira — (kwo) mirror, looking glass ---- mirakla — (kwo) miracle mirakla-ney (mirakle), miraklalik — (kwel) miraculous ---- mirta — (kwo) myrtle ---- mis — 1) (kwo) miss (a title of respect for a young unmarried woman; an unmarried woman) See also: sinior, madam 2) (syao) mis- (in a wrong way) misyusi — misuse miskalkuli — miscalculate misstepi — stumble misaudi — mishear misluma — uncertain light ---- mision — (kwo) mission misioner — (kwo) missionary ---- miska — (kwo) musk miska-rata — muskrat ---- misteria — (kwo) mystery misteriaful — (kwel) mysterious ---- miti — (zwo) meet; encounter me joi al miti yu — I am glad to meet you mita — (kwo) meeting; encounter go pa mita — approach in the opposite direction, come to meet ---- mixi — (zwo) mix; blend, mingle mixing — (kwo) mixing mixa — (kwo) mix mixitura — (kwo) mixture mixer — (kwo) mixer muvi-miksi — (zwo) stir up bati-mixi — (zwo) churn ---- mlan — (kwel) sluggish, lackadaisical, listless, languid, slack, inert, nerveless ---- mobile — (kwel) mobile mobila — (kwo) mobile phone ---- moda — (kwo) fashion, vogue, mode moda-ney — (kwel) fashionable ---- model — (kwo) model modeli — (zwo) model (cf. “lepi”) ---- moden — (kwel) modern modenisi — (zwo) modernize ---- modere — (kwel) moderate, temperate moderitaa — (kwo) moderateness, moderation, temperance moderisi — (zwo) moderate, keep within bonds; mitigate ---- modifiki — (zwo) modify, make partial changes in modifika — (kwo) modification ---- modus — (kwo) mode (way, manner, or status); (gram.) mood ---- mog — (sta) can, may me bu mog zwo to — I can't do it se mog bi — it may be kadawan mog lai — everyone may come Yu mog zwo se kom yu yao. — You may do it as you like. mogbi — (komo) maybe mogisi — (zwo) enable mogsa — (kwo) might, power pa ol mogsa — with all might me zwo olo ke es inen may mogsa — I'll do everything within my power bu mog — one can't, it is impossible Bu mog jivi sin chi. — One can't live without eating. bu-mog-bi-ke — incredible, impossible ---- moha — (kwo) moss (plants) ---- moher — (kwo) mohair ---- moki — (zwo) mock, deride, ridicule moka — (kwo) mock, derision, sneer, ridicule ---- mokre — (kwel) wet mokrifi (fa-mokre) — (zwo) get wet/drenched mokrisi (mah-mokre) — (zwo) wet (cover or impregnate with liquid) ---- mole — (kwel) soft mole kushen — soft cushion molenesa — (kwo) softness moli — (zwo) soften (tr./intr.) molifi (fa-mole) — (zwo) soften, become soft molisi (mah-mole) — (zwo) soften, make soft or softer molika — (kwo) pulp (soft mass or matter) ---- molekula — (kwo) molecule ---- molya — (kwo) wife ---- momenta — (kwo) moment, instant momenta-ney (momente) — (kwel) momentary momenta-nem (momentem) — (komo) instantly, in a moment ---- momentum — (kwo) momentum ---- monah — (kwo) monk, nun monaho — (kwo) monk monahina — (kwo) nun ---- monarka — (kwo) monarch monarkia — (kwo) monarchy ---- monastir — (kwo) cloister, monastery, nunnery, convent ---- moneta — (kwo) coin ---- monitor — (kwo) monitor (device or program) monitori — (zwo) monitor monitoring — (kwo) monitoring ---- monologa — (kwo) monologue, soliloquy ---- monopolia — (kwo) monopoly monopolisi — (zwo) monopolize ---- monson — (kwo) monsoon ---- monsta — (kwo) monster monstalik, monsta-ney — (kwel) monstrous ---- monta — (kwo) mountain monta-ney — (kwel) mountain, mountainous montaflanka — (kwo) mountain flank montalok — (kwo) mountains, mountainous place monta-kadena — (kwo) mountain-ridge, range, chain of mountains ---- monta-gap — (kwo) gorge, ravine, canyon ---- montiri — (zwo) mount, set up; montage montira — (kwo) mounting, installation; montage; editing ---- monton — (kwo) heap, pile monton de ramla — heap of sand montoni — (zwo) heap, pile ---- moral — (kwo) morals, morality moral-ney — (kwel) moral ---- morba — (kwo) sickness, illness; disease morba-ney (morbe) — (kwel) sick, ill morbi — (zwo) to be sick/ill en-morbi — (zwo) fall sick/ill ---- morta — (kwo) death morta-ney (morte) — (kwel) dead om mortes treba shwo sol hao — of the dead speak only good morti — (zwo) die mortijen — (kwo) deadman mortifa — (kwo) mortification mortalok — (kwo) the next/other world mortika — (kwo) carrion ---- morta-puni — (zwo) execute, put to death morta-puna — (kwo) execution ---- moska — (kwo) fly (insect) moskamenga — (kwo) swarm of flies ---- moskita — (kwo) mosquito ---- moti — (zwo) reel, wind, coil moti koysa sirkum koysa — wind smth round smth motimashina — (kwo) reeling machine, winder motika — (kwo) hank, coil, skein demoti — (zwo) unwind, uncoil ---- motiv — (kwo) motive; motif motivi — (zwo) motivate motiva — (kwo) motivation ---- motor — (kwo) motor, engine ---- motosikla — (kwo) motorcycle ---- mu — (kwo) moo fai mu — moo, low ---- muaki — (zwo) feel sick (at the stomach), have nausea muaka — (kwo) nausea ---- muar — (kwo) moire, watered silk ---- muazin — (kwo) muezzin ---- mucho — (inplas-kwanto) much, many, a lot gun mucho — work much mucho jen — many people mucho mani — a lot of money mucho pyu hao — much better muchos — many (people) muchoyar-ney — (kwel) of many years ---- muda — (kwo) mood, spirits ---- muh — (kwo) mouth muh de riva — estuary muh-ney — (kwel) oral muh-ney lingwa — oral language muhka — (kwo) mouthpiece ---- muhim — (kwel) important muhimtaa — (kwo) importance, significance dai muhimtaa a koysa — attach importance to smth nomuhim — (kwel) unimportant, trifling, trivial nomuhimka — (kwo) trifle, nothingness muhimi — (zwo) be of importance ---- mukati — (zwo) blow one’s nose ---- mukus — (kwo) mucus, mucilage; slime nosmukus — (kwo) snivel, snot ---- mule — (kwel) mild, gentle mulitaa — (kwo) mildness, gentleness ---- multipliki — (zwo) multiply (bay, pa — by) tri multipliki pa char es shi-dwa (tri ves char es shi-dwa) — 3 multiplied by 4 makes 12 multiplika — (kwo) multiplication ---- mumia — (kwo) mummy (embalmed corpse) mumisi — (zwo) mummify (tr.) mumifi — (zwo) mummify (intr.) ---- munda — (kwo) world munda(-ney) — (kwel) world; global ---- mur — (kwo) wall ---- murmuri — (zwo) murmur (cf. “hamsi”) murmura — (kwo) murmur ---- mursha — (kwo) husband ---- mus — (sta) must Oli jen mus chi fo jivi. — All people must eat in order to live. Manya me mus go a ofis. — Tomorrow I must go to the office. Yu mus bu chi. = You must not eat. bu mus — (sta) to not have to Yu bu mus chi. — You do not have to eat. nomus — (sta) must not (obligatory prohibition) Yu nomus chi. — You must not eat. See also: treba, gai ---- musafer — (kwo) passenger musafer-avion — passenger aircraft ---- mushkile — (kwel) difficult sta gro-mushkile — feel miserable / wretched / unhappy mushkilem — (komo) with difficulty mushkilitaa — (kwo) difficulty (the state of being difficult) mushkila — (kwo) difficulty (obstacle) sin mushkila — without difficulty, easily, with no trouble mah-mushkile — (zwo) make difficult ---- musika — (kwo) music musiki, fai musika — play/make music musikale — (kwel) musical musiker — (kwo) musician ---- muskula — (kwo) muscle mah-laxe muskula — relax muscles tensi muskula — strain muscles muskulatot — (kwo) muscular system muskulaful — (kwel) brawny, muscular ---- musla — (kwo) muzzle, snout musladan — (kwo) muzzle (device used to prevent animal from biting or eating) ---- muslina — (kwo) muslin ---- musta — (kwo) pattern (that from which a copy is made), specimen, sample ---- mustash — (kwo) moustache; whisker (animal’s) ---- mute — (kwel) dumb, mute ---- mutili — (zwo) maim, mutilate, cripple mutila — (kwo) mutilation, deformity mutilawan — (kwo) cripple ---- mutu — (komo) one another, each other nu lubi mutu — we love each other a mutu — to each other ---- mutuale — (kwel) mutual ---- muvi — (zwo) move muva — (kwo) move, motion, movement sinmuva-ney — motionless ---- muy — (modus-komo) very muy jamile — very beautiful muy kway — very quickly ---- myao — (zwo) mew, meow, miaow ---- myati — (zwo) crumple, crush, rumple ---- myen — (kwo) mien ---- na — (gramatika) (optionally marks an end of a semantic group) See also: ti ---- nabla — (kwo) navel, umbilicus ---- nadi — (zwo) hope nada — (kwo) hope sinnada-ney (sinnade) — (kwo) hopeless sinnaditaa — (kwo) hopelessness ---- nafra — (kwo) aversion, disgust, abomination nafra-ney (nafre) — (kwel) abominable, repulsive, detestable nafri — (zwo) abominate ---- nafta — (kwo) (mineral) oil, petroleum ---- naga — (kwo) nail (of metal — cf. “naka”) nagi — (zwo) nail fa-nagi — (zwo) stick, pierce ---- nagle — (kwel) impudent, insolent, impertinent naglitaa — (kwo) impudence, insolence nagla (naglo, naglina) — (kwo) impudent/insolent fellow ---- naive — (kwel) naive naiva, naivnik — (kwo) naive person ---- naka — (kwo) nail; claw ---- nakali — (zwo) incandesce nakali-ney — (kwel) incandesced ---- nal — (kwo) horseshoe ---- naloga — (kwo) tax (money paid to the government) ---- nam — (kwo) name nami — (zwo) name; be named, be called Komo yu nami? — What is your name? Me nami Jon. — My name is John. nami-yen — (komo) namely samnam-ney — (kwel) of the same name samnamjen — (kwo) namesake ---- namastee — (exklami) hello; good-bye ---- namba — (kwo) number (cf. "numer") gran namba — big number pare namba — even number namba expresa — numerical expression ---- namre — (kwel) modest namrem — (komo) modestly namritaa — (kwo) modesty ---- nana — (kwo) nurse hospital nana — hospital nurse ---- nangwa — (kwo) pumpkin ---- narko — (kwo) narcotic, addictive drug ---- nasha — (kwo) intoxication (any kind of) nashisi — (zwo) stupefy, befuddle, besot, intoxicate nashi-she — (kwel) befuddling, intoxicating ---- nasion — (kwo) nation nasion-ney — (kwel) national ---- natryum — (kwo) sodium, natrium ---- natura — (kwo) nature abyas es dwa-ney natura — habit is second nature naturale — (kwel) natural naturalem — (komo) naturally naturalitaa — (kwo) naturalness ---- nau — (taim-komo) now til nau — till now; depos nau — from now on al nau — (komo) at the moment, presently; nowadays lo nau — (kwo) the present (time) nau...nau — (konekti) now...now Nau ta silensi, nau shwo mucho. — Now he keeps silent, now he speaks much. nau-ney — (kwel) present, actual, today's, current ---- navigi — (zwo) navigate, sail naviga — (kwo) navigation ---- nayu — (kwo) butter nayudan — (kwo) butterdish ---- nefra — (kwo) kidney ---- negative — (kwel) negative negativa — (kwo) negative ---- negi — (zwo) deny, negate nega — (kwo) negation Ant.: aserti, konfirmi ---- neglekti — (zwo) neglect, treat carelessly, slight, be remiss neglekta — (kwo) negligence Ant.: kuydi ---- negra — (kwo) a Black person, negro negro — (kwo) a Black male negrina — (kwo) Negress ---- neme — (kwel) numb, insensible nemifi — (zwo) grow numb nemitaa — (kwel) numbness ---- neon — (kwo) neon neon-jaopay — neon sign ---- Neptun — (kwo) Neptune Neptun-ney — (kwel) Neptunian ---- nerva — (kwo) nerve nerva(-ney) — (kwel) nerve, nervous nerva-sistema — nerve system nerva-morba — nervous disease ---- nesese — (kwel) necessary (also "of an inevitable nature") nesesitaa — (kwo) necessity ---- nesta — (kwo) nest nesti — (zwo) nest, build its nest; nestle ---- neta — (kwo) net texi neta — weave a net ---- neutrale — (kwel) neutral ---- neva — (taim-komo) never See also: nulves ---- ney — (gramatika) modifier-making particle Tina-ney vos — Tina's voice brata-ney nam — brother's name jen-ney — human chi-ney fan — eaten food rude-fas-ney man — red-faced man olo es yo zwo-ney — everything is already done un-ney — first dwa-ney — second nem un-nem — firstly, at first Un-nem me go a skola, poy a dom. — First I go to school, then home. dwa-nem — secondly ---- ni — (gramatika) ni...ni... — neither... nor ni me ni yu — neither me nor you Ant.: i ---- nich — (konekti-komo) down(wards) go nich — to go down nich kolina — down the hill nich fluisa — downstream nichen — (konekti-komo) down (at what place?), at the lower part of Lai nich. Me es nichen. — Come down. I am down. nichen bey — at the lower part of back nichen kolina — at the bottom of the hill. fon nichen — from below nichisi — (zwo) lower, bring down; turn down nichisi kapa — hang one’s head nichisi kansa — lower one's gaze nichifi, fa-nich — (zwo) sink, drop, move down ---- niche — (kwel) lower, situated below zuy niche lif — lowest leaves nicha — (kwo) lower part, bottom nicha-uupar — upside down, bottom up fon nicha til uupara — from top to bottom nichlok — (kwo) lowland, depression ---- nidi — (zwo) need, have need of (cf. “treba”) me nidi reposi — I need a rest lu nidi yur helpa — he needs your help buniden — (kwel) unnecessary, needless nida — (kwo) need ---- nihil — (kwo) non-being, nil, nothing nihilisi — (zwo) destroy, eliminate, annihilate nihilisa — (kwo) destruction, annihilation ---- nihon — (kwel, kwo) Japanese See also: Nipon ---- nikab — (kwo) niqab ---- niki — (zwo) nod nika — (kwo) nod ---- Nil — (kwo) Nile Nil-ney krokodil — Nile crocodile ---- nin — (kwanto) nine (9) ninshi — 90 ninsto — 900 ---- Nipon — (kwo) Japan Nipon-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Japan See also: nihon ---- nise — (kwel) low (of small hight or placed below normal height — cf. "niche") nisisi (mah-nise) — (zwo) lower, reduce hight (tr.) ---- nisha — (kwo) niche ---- nishan — (kwo) target (butt or mark to shoot at; goal or objective) ---- nitrogen — (kwo) nitrogen ---- nivel — (kwo) level niveli — (zwo) level, level out ---- nixa — (inplas-kwo) nothing Me jan ke me bu jan nixa. — I know that I know nothing. Danke! – Es nixa. — Thank you! – That's nothing. ---- no — (syao) makes antonyms kalme calm — nokalme uneasy pinchan ordinary — nopinchan extraordinary pa nofortuna — unfortunately ---- noble — (kwel) noble ---- nobyen — (kwel) inconvenient; inopportune, inappropriate Ant.: byen ---- nocha — (kwo) night pa nocha — at/by night hao nocha! — good night! fa-nocha — night is coming nochi, tranochi — (zwo) pass the night, spend the night ---- nochaparpar — (kwo) moth (Origin: nocha+parpar) ---- noda — (kwo) knot nodaful — (kwel) knotty, snaggy, gnarled nodi — (zwo) knot nodi tay — to tie one's tie ---- nok — (kwo) point, tip bay finga nok — by finger tips igla nok — needle point buta nok — boot tip ---- nokalme — (kwel) unquiet, uneasy, restless, troubled sta nokalme — be anxious/uneasy nokalmitaa — (kwo) anxiety, unrest, uneasiness nokalmi — (zwo) worry nokalmisi (mah-nokalme) — (zwo) disquiet, worry, make anxious/uneasy ---- nol — (kwanto) zero (0) shi gradus sub nol — ten degrees below zero ---- non — (exklami) no Ob yu pri sey kitaba? — Non.— Do you like this book? — No. ---- nopare — (kwel) odd, uneven Ant.: pare ---- nopinchan — (kwel) extraordinary, unusual, uncommon, singular Ant.: pinchan ---- nopri — (zwo) dislike nopria — (kwo) dislike ---- norda — (kwo) north norda(-ney) — (kwel) north(ern), northerly norde feng — north wind norden — (konekti-komo) to the north, north of urba es norden — the town is to the north norden urba ye shulin — forest is north of the town ---- normale — (kwel) normal normalem — (komo) normally normalisi — (zwo) normalize normalisa — (kwo) normalization ---- nos — (kwo) nose nosdun — (kwo) nostril nosmukus — (kwo) nasal mucus, snivel ---- nosantisi — (zwo) desecrate, profane, defile (Origin: no+sante+isi) ---- nosion — (kwo) notion (concept; mental image or representation) ---- nota — (kwo) note (a brief piece of writing; a diplomatic missive; a musical sound/mark) bankanota — (kwo) bank note noti — (zwo) note (record — cf. “merki”) ---- notifiki — (zwo) notify (formally) notifika — (kwo) notification, notice ---- nove — (kwel) new novika — (kwo) smth new (e.g. product) novitaa — (kwo) newness, novelty novnik — (kwo) novice novifi (fa-nove) — (zwo) be/get renewed novisi (mah-nove) — (zwo) renew; update novisa — (kwo) renewal; update ---- novela — (kwo) novel (short story — cf. “roman”) ---- novemba — (kwo) November (also mes-shi-un) pa novemba — in November ---- nu — (inplas-kwo) we, us nu-ney, nuy — (inplas-kwel) our Walaa nuy dom. — Here's our house. Sey dom es nu-ney, bu li-ney. — This house is ours, not theirs. ---- nuansa — (kwo) nuance ---- nude — (kwel) nude, naked, bare nudpeda-ney (nudpede) — barefooted nuditaa — (kwo) nudity, bareness, nakedness nudifi — (zwo) become naked nudisi — (zwo) bare, strip nudisi swa, mah swa nude — bare/strip oneself nudisma — (kwo) nudism nudina — (kwo) a naked woman ---- nudla — (kwo) noodles ---- nuka — (kwo) back of the head, nape, occiput nuka-darba — cuff on the nape ---- nuklea — (kwo) nucleus sela-nuklea — nucleus of cell atom-nuklea — atomic nucleus nukleare — (kwel) nuclear ---- nuksan — (kwo) harm; mischief nuksani — (zwo) harm nuksan-ney — (kwel) harmful ---- nul — (inplas-kwel) no (whatever), none (whatever) Nul kinda pri go somni. — No child likes to go sleep. nulem — (inplas-komo) in no way nulgrad — (inplas-komo) not in the least nullok — (inplas-komo) nowhere Me zai shuki may kalam. Me bu mog findi it nullok. — I am looking for my pencil. I can't find it anywhere. a nullok — to nowhere nulves — (taim-komo) not once, never nulwan — (konekti-kwo) nobody Nulwan jan. — Nobody knows. Me bu koni nulwan hir. — I don't know anybody here. nulnik — (kwo) a nobody, nonentity ---- numer — (kwo) number (No.) kaval numer char jiti — horse number four wins tri-ney numer de nuy programa — the third number of our program numeri — (zwo) number numera — (kwo) numeration ---- nungu — (kwo) porcupine ---- nuta — (kwo) nut (hard-shelled seed) kreki nuta — crack nuts ---- nutri — (zwo) nourish, feed nutra — (kwo) nourishing, nutrition nutritive — (kwel) nutritive, nutritious el-nutra — (kwo) power supply ---- nutria — (kwo) nutria, coypu ---- Nyusiland — (kwo) New Zealand ---- o (oda) — (unisi) or Kwo yu pri pyu, rasmi o gani? — What do you like more, to draw or to sing? oda...oda... — either...or Me bu mog dai a yu ambi kamel. Pren un. Oda sey-la, oda toy-la. — I cannot give you both camels. Take one. Either this one or that one. ---- ob — (gramatika) 1) interrogative particle Ob me mog ofni winda? — May I open the window? 2) whether Me kwesti, ob me mog ofni winda. — I ask whether I may open the window. ---- obedi — (zwo) obey, comply with obeda — (kwo) obedience desobedi — (zwo) disobey desobeda — (kwo) disobedience ---- obese — (kwel) obese obesitaa — (kwo) obesity ---- objeti — (zwo) object, adduce as an objection objeta — (kwo) objection ---- obligi — (zwo) oblige (put under obligation to do or not to do smth), bind, constrain (by duty, honour, etc.) obliga — (kwo) obligation obliga-ney (oblige) — (kwel) obligatory ---- oblikue — (kwel) oblique ---- observi — (zwo) observe (carefully view; follow) observa — (kwo) observation ---- obsesi — (zwo) obsess obsesen bay foba — obsessed with fear obsesa — (kwo) obsession ---- obskure — (kwel) obscure (without sufficient light, dim, somber; not easily understood) obskurisi — (zwo) obscure, dim, darken obskurifi — (zwo) become obscure Syn.: tume Ant.: klare ---- obstakla — (kwo) obstacle obstakli, fai obstakla — (zwo) impede, hamper, put obstacles in the way ---- obwol — (unisi) though, although, albeit Me shwo a yu, obwol yu bu yao audi me. — I speak to you, although you don't want to hear me. ---- obyekta — (kwo) object (thing, item) ---- ochak — (kwo) hearth, fireplace; (fig.) hotbed, seat, breeding ground, focus, center ochak de gwer — seat of war ochak de resista — centre of resistance ---- of — (komo) off (about a mechanism or connection) Radio es of. — The radio is off. Plis mah-of radio. — Please put off the radio. ---- ofensi — (zwo) offend, give offence to ofensa — (kwo) offence fa-ofensi — (zwo) be offended fa-ofensishil — (kwel) touchy, susceptible, quick to take offence ofensa-ney (ofense), ofensive — (kwel) offensive no-ofensive — (kwel) inoffensive ofensi-ney (ofensen) — (kwel) offended, resentful, hurt ofensi-nem (ofensem) — (komo) offendedly, resentfully ofenser — (kwo) offender ---- ofis — (kwo) office (place), bureau ---- ofisiale — (kwel) official (authorized; authoritative) ofisiala — (kwo) official, officer, functionary, bureaucrat ---- oflain — (kwel) offline Ant.: onlain ---- ofni — (zwo) open ofna — (kwo) opening ofna-ney (ofne) — (kwel) open idyen (kelkem) ofni-ney — ajar ofner, ofnika — (kwo) opener ofnitura — (kwo) aperture, orifice ofnelok — (kwo) open place, opening, glade ---- ofri — (zwo) offer, proffer, tender fa-ofri — present itself (about an opportunity) ofra — (kwo) offer ---- ofser — (kwo) officer (military, police, nautical) subofser — (kwo) non-commissioned officer ---- ofte — (kwel) frequent oftem — (komo) often ---- ohoo — (exklami) oho ---- oista — (kwo) oyster ---- oko — (kwo) eye ofni/klosi okos — open/close one’s eyes klosi-presi okos — close one's eyes tight fai gro-okos — to goggle kan koysa bay gro-okos — to gape at smth okovati — (zwo) eye oko-yama — (kwo) eye socket ---- okra — (kwo) ochre ---- oktoba — (kwo) October (also mes-shi) ---- okula — (kwo) glasses, spectacles, goggles ---- okupi — (zwo) occupy (a place, time, mind) se okupi oli may duma — this occupies all my thoughts se okupi mucho taim — it takes much time okupi-ney (okupen) — (kwel) occupied toy tabla es okupen — that table is occupied See also: mangi, zun ---- ol — (inplas-kwel) all, the whole of, throughout the whole of ol dey — all day long oli — (inplas-kwo, kwel) all, everyone, everybody oli jan — everybody knows oli may amiga — all my friends oli dey — all the days oli hi — all to a man, every single one Nu oli es hir. — We are all here. olo — (inplas-kwo) all, everything me jan olo — I know everything ---- olea — (kwo) oil (liquid fat) olei — (zwo) oil ---- oliva — (kwo) olive olivabaum — (kwo) olive tree ---- olosam — (komo) all the same; anyway Kwo unkwe yu shwo, me ve zwo se olosam. — Whatever you say, I'll do it anyway. Tu go adar, tu bu go adar, es olosam. — To go there or not, it's all the same. Syn.: enikas, malgree olo; es egale, bu muhim ---- oltaim — (komo) all the time, constantly oltaim pyu hao — better and better oltaim pyu — more and more oltaim pyu mushkile — increasingly difficult ---- om — (konekti) about, concerning; on (refers to the subject of activity) om se — about this om to — about that om olo — about everything Nu zai gun om sey problema. — We are working on this problem. ---- oma — (kwo) grandmother See also: opa ---- omlet — (kwo) omelette ---- on —1) (konekti) on (on the surface) on tabla — on the table 2) (komo) on (about a mechanism or connection) Radio es on. — The radio is on. mah-on TV — turn on the TV ---- onda — (kwo) wave ondi — (zwo) wave, undulate onding — (kwo) undulation ---- oni — (inplas-kwo) one, they (indefinite personal pronoun) oni shwo ke... — they say that... Lai pyu blisem! Hir oni bu mog audi nul worda. — Come closer! Here one can’t hear a word. ---- onishwoka — (kwo) rumour, hearsay Origin: oni+shwo+ka ---- onkla — (kwo) uncle See also: tia ---- onlain — (kwel) online (connected to a computer; accessible via computer network) Ant.: oflain ---- onpon — (kwo) put on (clothes, glasses) lu onpon-te shapa — he put his hat on Origin: on+pon ---- oo — (exklami) 1) oh Oo es ya jamile! — Oh, it’s so beautiful! Oo ya! — Oh yes! 2) o (vocative particle) Hao fortuna a yu, oo shefa de wulfas! — Good luck go with you, O Chief of the Wolves! ---- opa — (kwo) grandfather praopa — (kwo) great-grandfather See also: oma ---- operati — (zwo) operate operata — (kwo) operation (also “operasion”) operater — (kwo) operator ---- opini — (zwo) opine, deem, be of opinion opini koysa/koywan kom koysa/koywan — regard/hold smth/smb as smth/smb opini ta kom amiga — regard him/her as a friend opini koysa kom muhim — believe smth to be important me opini se kom may deba — I regard it as my duty opina — (kwo) opinion segun may opina — in my opinion / view ---- oposi — (zwo) oppose oposa — (kwo) opposition oposer — (kwo) oppositionist; opponent ---- opresi — (zwo) oppress opresa — (kwo) oppression ---- optimale — (kwel) optimal, optimum ---- ora — (kwo) hour afte dwa ora — in two hours pa haf-ora afte to — in half an hour after that ---- orak — (kwo) sickle ---- oranja — (kwo) orange (fruit) oranja jus — orange juice ---- oranje — (kwel) orange (colour) ---- orda — (kwo) order (request) defai orda — cancel an order ordi — (zwo) order, book ---- orden — (kwo) order (awarded decoration; organization — cf. “orda”, “ordina”, “komanda”) ---- ordina — (kwo) order (arrangement; the state of being well arranged) ordini — (zwo) put in order; arrange desordini — (zwo) disarrange ordini swa — (zwo) tidy oneself up, set oneself to rights no-ordina — (kwo) disorder ordinnik — (kwo) an orderly person no-ordinnik — (kwo) sloven ---- organ — (kwo) organ (part of organism — cf. “orgel”) ---- organike — (kwel) organic (biol., chem.) organike kemia — organic chemistry Ant.: no-organike ---- organisi — (zwo) organize organising — (kwo) organization (process) organisa — (kwo) organization (quality of being organized or way in which smth is organized) organisasion — (kwo) organization (group of people) ---- organisma — (kwo) organism (lit. and fig.) ---- orgel — (kwo) organ (musical instrument — cf. “organ”) orgelista — (kwo) organist, organ player ---- orienti — (zwo) orient, orientate orienti swa — orient oneself orienta — (kwo) orientation orienting — (kwo) orienteering orientika — (kwo) reference point ---- origin — (kwo) origin origini — (kwo) originate, arise, begin ---- originale — (kwel) 1) original (first, preceding all others in time) 2) original (fresh, unusual) originala — (kwo) original (first form, firsthand work) originalnik — (kwo) original (odd or curious person) ---- orla — (kwo) eagle ---- ornamenta — (kwo) ornament, ornamental pattern ---- orni — (zwo) adorn, embellish, bedeck ornika — (kwo) adornment, embellishment ---- ortodoxia — (kwo) orthodoxy (cf. «pravaslavia») ortodoxike — (kwel) orthodox ---- osean — (kwo) ocean ---- osi — (zwo) dare (be courageous or bold enough to) ---- osobe — (kwel) especial, particular osobem — (komo) especially, particularly osobitaa — (kwo) peculiarity, (special) feature ---- osoka — (kwo) sedge, carex ---- osta — (kwo) bone ostalik — (kwel) bony ostifi — (zwo) ossify ostifa — (kwo) ossification ---- Osterraih — (kwo) Austria ---- ot — (kwanto) eight (8) ot-ney — eighth otshi — eighty otsto — eight hundred ---- oton — (kwo) autumn, fall fa-oton — autumn is coming oton(-ney) — (kwel) autumn ---- otre — (inplas-kwel) other, another ni un ni otre — neither one nor the other pa otre taraf — on the other hand otrem — in other way, differently; otherwise otrelok — (inplas-komo) in another place, somewhere else a otrelok — to another place otreves — (inplas-komo) next time, another time Me mangi nau. Nu diskusi ba se otreves. — I am busy now. Let us discuss it another time ---- ouran — (komo) casually, accidentally; inadvertently Syn.: kasualem ---- oval — (kwo) oval oval(-ney) — (kwel) oval ---- ovo — (kwo) egg ovoshel — (kwo) eggshell ovosela — (kwo) ovicell ovotot — (kwo) spawn ---- oxa — (kwo) ox ---- oxigen — (kwo) oxygen ---- pa — (konekti) preposition of a wide meaning, often can be used instead of other prepositions 1) indicates place, time (at, on, in) pa dom – at home pa mur – on the wall pa gata – in the street sidi pa tabla – sit at the table London lagi pa Tems – London lies on the Thames ob mani es pa yu? – is the money with you? pa vesna – in spring 2) introduces adverbial phrase shwo pa inglish – speak English pa un-ney kansa – by first sight ta jivi pa shi kilometra fon mar – he lives 10 km from the see pa exponenta – exponentially pa ol mogsa – with all one's might pa char – four (together) pa fortuna – fortunately pa versa – by/in verses It loki pa dwa dey de going (de safara). — It takes two-day journey to get there. ---- padma — (kwo) lotus ---- pagale — (kwel) crazy, mad pagalitaa — (kwo) craziness, madness pagalifi — (zwo) go mad pagala, pagalnik — (kwo) madman, lunatic ---- pagi — (zwo) pay (give money) paga — (kwo) pay, payment prepaga — (kwo) prepayment, upfront payment, advance (of money) ---- pah — (kwo) groin (anatomy) ---- pai — (zwo) receive, get; succeed, achieve, obtain nulwan pai kapti ta — nobody managed to catch it pai kreki nuta — to (succesfully) crack the nut pai ofni ken — to open can (at last) Nu pai zwo to! — We did it! ---- paisaja — (kwo) landscape, scenery ---- paja — (kwo) page ---- pajo — (kwo) page (serving boy) ---- pak — (kwo) pack, package, parcel paki — (zwo) pack depaki — (zwo) unpack ---- paketa — (kwo) packet ---- pakla — (kwo) tow, oakum ---- palak — (kwo) eyelid ---- palas — (kwo) palace ---- pale — (kwel) pale (light in colour) palifi — (zwo) turn/grow pale palenesa — (kwo) paleness, pallor ---- paliati — (zwo) palliate, alleviate paliata — (kwo) palliation, alleviation paliative — (kwel) palliative ---- palma — (kwo) palm (palm tree — cf. “pama”) palma-semdi — Palm Sunday ---- paloma — (kwo) pigeon, dove salam-paloma — dove of peace ---- palpi — (zwo) feel (about), palpate palpi-shuki — grope palpa — (kwo) feeling (by touch), palpation palpibile — (kwel) palpable ---- palto — (kwo) coat, overcoat farwapalto — fur coat ---- pama — (kwo) palm (of hand) pama-holika — (kwo) hollow of the hand ---- pan — (kwo) bread blan pan — (kwo) white bread pankin — (kwo) bread roll, bun panshop — (kwo) baker’s pandan — (kwo) bread box/bin suhpan — (kwo) dried crust, rusk, zwieback halka-pan — (kwo) bagel, ring-shaped roll ---- panika — (kwo) panic sta pa panika — be in panic, be panic-stricken ---- panta — (kwo) trousers, pants pantakin — (kwo) underpants ---- pantalon — (kwo) breeches (clothing) ---- pantera — (kwo) panther ---- panza — (kwo) armour ---- pao — (kwo) bubble; blister paovati — (zwo) bubble, form bubbles ---- papa — (kwo) dad, daddy, papa ---- papagay — (kwo) parrot fai papagay, papagayvati — (zwo) parrot (to repeat or imitate, esp.without understanding) ---- papir — (kwo) paper ---- paprika — (kwo) paprika ---- para — (kwo) pair, couple para dey — a couple of days para-ney — (kwel) pair, forming a pair gamipara — (kwo) married couple para-jen — (kwo) match (person) pari — (zwo) pair ---- parada — (kwo) parade (procession or ceremonial review of troops) ---- paradigma — (kwo) paradigm (philos., gram.) ---- paradoxa — (kwo) paradox paradoxale — (kwel) paradoxical paradoxalem — (komo) paradoxically ---- paragraf — (kwo) paragraph ---- paralele — (kwel) parallel paralela — (kwo) parallel ---- paralisa — (kwo) paralysis, palsy paralisi — (zwo) paralyze ---- parapeta — (kwo) parapet; railing, handrail, banisters ---- parashut — (kwo) parachute ---- parasita — (kwo) parasite parasitike — (kwel) parasitic ---- parda — (kwo) curtain fer-ney parda — iron curtain Syn.: kurtena ---- pardoni — (zwo) forgive, pardon pardona — (kwo) forgiveness, pardon ---- pare — (kwel) even (divisible by 2) Ant.: nopare ---- parka — (kwo) park ---- parlamenta — (kwo) parlament ---- parola — (kwo) password ---- parpar — (kwo) butterfly ---- parta — (kwo) part parta-ney (parte) — (kwel) partial parta-nem (partem) — (komo) partly, partially parti — (zwo) share, divide, part parti suy senta kun otres — share one's feelings with others ---- partia — (kwo) party (group taking one side of smth; political group — cf. “pati”) ---- partikla — (kwo) particle ---- partikulare — (kwel) particular (not general or universal) partikularitaa — (kwo) particularity (the quality or state of being particular rather than general; a specific point or detail, a particular) ---- partisipi — (zwo) participate partisipa — (zwo) participation partisiper — (zwo) participant, participator ---- partner — (kwo) partner (of either sex) gin-partner, partnerina — (kwo) female partner ---- parus — (kwo) sail (of a ship or boat) parus-kapra — (kwo) sailcloth ---- pas — (konekti-komo) past, by lu go-te pas nu — he went past us lu go-te pas — he went past ---- pasaja — (kwo) passageway, gangway, aisle ---- pashu — (kwo) cattle syao pashu — small cattle pashudom — (kwo) cattle-shed ---- pasi — (zwo) pass; pass by pasi-ney (pasen) yar — the past year pasi nocha — pass night taim pasi lentem — the time drags on/crawls pasiwat — (kwo) past (the period of time that has already happened) (mah-)pasi — (zwo) pass, spend (time) pasijen — (kwo) passer-by pasiworda — (kwo) password (also “parola”) trapasi — (zwo) pass through, make one's way through pasi-auto — (kwo) passing car Pren un pasi-auto e lai ba kway! — Take a passing car and come quick! ---- pasienta — (kwo) patient (one who receives medical attention) ---- pasion — (kwo) passion pasion-ney — (kwel) passionate ---- pasive — (kwel) passive pasivitaa — (kwel) passivity ---- paska — (kwo) Easter ---- pasporta — (kwo) passport ---- pasta — (kwo) paste panpasta — (kwo) dough ---- pasturi — (zwo) graze, pasture pasturi-sha — (kwo) herder, herdsman, shepherd (also “gurtayuan”) ---- pata — (kwo) paw pa char pata — on all fours mah swa nich pa char pata — go down on all fours ---- patata — (kwo) potato, potatoes patata-sup — potato soup ---- patenta — (kwo) patent (declaration issued by a government agency to an inventor) patenti — (zwo) patent patenting — (kwo) patenting ---- pati — (kwo) party (social gathering especially for pleasure or amusement— cf. “partia”) ---- patina — (kwo) patina (film on copper) ---- patlajan — (kwo) eggplant, aubergine ---- patra — (kwo) father prapatra — (kwo) forefather mata-patra — (kwo) parents patralanda — (kwo) fatherland See also: papa ---- patranam — (kwo) patronymic (name) ---- patriota — (kwo) patriot ---- patrul — (kwo) patrol patruli — (zwo) patrol ---- paun — (kwo) pound (unit of mass; unit of currency) ---- pausa — (kwo) pause pausi — (zwo) pause leson-pausa — (kwo) break, intermission (between lessons) ---- pava — (kwo) peafowl pavo — (kwo) peacock pavina — (kwo) peahen yunpava — (kwo) peachick ---- pavimenta — (kwo) pavement pavimenti — (zwo) pave; cobble ---- pay — (kwo) pie ---- peda — (kwo) foot pedi — (zwo) go on foot pedisoldata — (kwo) infantryman peditrupa — (kwo) infantry pedi-sha, pedijen — (kwo) pedestrian peding — (kwo) walking; footrace ---- pedal — (kwo) pedal presi pedal — press a pedal depresi pedal — depress a pedal gaspedal — accelerator pedal ---- pega — (kwo) peg (a cylindrical wooden, metal etc. object used to fasten; a protrusion used to hang things on) ---- peki — (zwo) bake peking — (kwo) baking pekitura — (kwo) pastry pekiguan — (kwo) bakery peker — (kwo) baker ---- pelatuk — (kwo) woodpecker ---- pelikula — (kwo) film (pellicle, thin sheet or coating — cf. “filma”) ---- pelin — (kwo) wormwood, absinth ---- pen — (kwo) tub banipen — (kwo) bathtub ---- pendi — (zwo) hang (intr./tr.) bependi — (zwo) hang round (with), cover (with) bependi mur bay piktura — cover the wall with pictures pendi-kili — (zwo) hang, kill by hanging pendika — (kwo) rack, hanger ---- pendula — (kwo) pendulum ---- penetri — (zwo) penetrate penetra — (kwo) penetration, permeation ---- peni — 1) (zwo) to take the trouble (to do smth or to do smth difficult of execution), to take pains Me peni zwo se hao. — I take pains in doing it well. To bu es penival. — That is nor worth the trouble. pena — (kwo) pains, trouble, strain 2) (kwo) penny, pence ---- penis — (kwo) penis ---- pension — (kwo) pension (money) ---- pepa — (kwo) pepper (paprika is "paprika") fai pepa — (zwo) pepper pepadan — (kwo) pepper pot ---- pepla — (kwo) ashes pepladan — (kwo) ash-tray peplisi — (zwo) burn to ashes peplalok — (kwo) site of fire, ashes ---- per — (konekti) per, for each/every 6% per yar — 6% per year 100 gram per kilo — 100 gram per kilo 100 kilometra per ora — 100 km per hour pet dolar per jen — 5 dollars per head ---- pera — (kwo) pear ---- perfekte — (kwel) perfect perfektitaa — (kwo) perfection (quality) perfektisi — (zwo) perfect, improve, polish up swa-perfektisa — (kwo) self-perfection ---- perfori — (zwo) perforate perfora — (kwo) perforation ---- perioda — (kwo) period periodike — (kwel) periodical periodika — (kwo) periodical ---- perla — (kwo) pearl(s) ---- permanente — (kwel) permanent (lasting for an indefinitely long time) ---- permiti — (zwo) permit, allow permita — (kwo) permission permitibile — (kwel) permissible ---- perplexe — (kwel) perplexed, puzzled perplexitaa — (kwo) perplexity ---- persekwi — (zwo) persecute, pursue, chase persekwa — (kwo) persecution; pursuit, chase ---- persepti — (zwo) perceive persepta — (kwo) perception perseptibile — (kwel) perceptible ---- persik — (kwo) peach ---- persona — (kwo) person; character, personage personale — (kwel) personal personalem — (komo) personally personalitaa — (kwo) personality ---- personifiki — (zwo) personify personifika — (kwo) personification ---- perspektive — (kwel) perspective perspektiva — (kwo) perspective ---- perteni — (zwo) belong, pertain ---- peruka — (kwo) wig, peruke ---- pes — (kwo) piece (separated part — cf. "ge") char pes sukra — 4 pieces of sugar ---- pesta — (kwo) plague ---- pet — (kwanto) five (5) petshi — fifty petsto — five hundred pet-ney — fifth ---- petala — (kwo) petal ---- petdi — (kwo) Friday ---- petision — (kwo) petition, written request fai petision, petisioni — (zwo) petition, present a petition ---- pi — (zwo) drink pi-akwa — drinking water pia — (kwo) drinking; drink fai pia pro koywan — drink the health of smb. piwat — (kwo) drink, beverage piguan — (kwo) pub, public house pilok— (kwo) watering place ---- piano — (kwo) piano baji/fai piano — play piano ---- piesa — (kwo) play (theatrical performance), piece (musical composition, literary work) ---- piga — (kwo) leather piga ganta — leather gloves ---- pijama — (kwo) pyjamas ---- pikee — (kwo) pique (fabric) ---- piki — (zwo) prick, sting frosta piki fas — frost stings the face pika — (kwo) prick, puncture piki-she — (kwel) prickly ---- pikti — (zwo) depict, picture, paint pikter — (kwo) painter (artist who paints pictures) piktura — (kwo) picture, image kitaba kun jamile piktura — a book with beautiful pictures pikting — (kwo) painting (art) piktival — (kwel) picturesque ---- pila — (kwo) pile (heap) pila de kitabas — pile of books pila de pyata — pile of plates ---- pilota — (kwo) pilot (of aircraft or ship) ---- pimenta — (kwo) pimento; allspice ---- pin — (kwo) commodity, article(s), goods, ware(s) ---- pina — (kwo) pine pina shulin — pine forest, pinery ---- pinchan — (kwel) ordinary, usual pinchanem — (komo) ordinarily, usually ---- pinguin — (kwo) penguin ---- pinsel — (kwo) (artist’s or painter’s) brush ---- pinsi — (zwo) pinch pinsa — (kwo) pinch pinser — (kwo) pincers, pliers pinserkin — (kwo) tweezers ---- pinta — (kwo) paint (substance) pinti — (zwo) paint (apply paint to — cf. "pikti") pintaken — (kwo) can of paint pinter — (kwo) painter (laborer — cf. "pikter") ---- pipa — (kwo) (tobacco) pipe (cf. “duda”, “tuba”) ---- pipeta — (kwo) pipette, medicine dropper ---- pipsi — (zwo) peep, cheep ---- pirsi — (zwo) pierce Flecha pirsi luy sina. — The arrow pierced his chest. pirsi dun — to pierce a hole pirsing — (kwo) piercing ---- pisi — (zwo) piss Syn.: urini ---- pisina — (kwo) swimming pool ---- pistaka — (kwo) pistachio ---- pistola — (kwo) pistol, handgun ---- piti — (zwo) have compassion on; pity pita — (kwo) compassion; pity piti-she, pitishil — (kwel) compassionate, pitiful nopiti-she, nopitishil — (kwel) ruthless, pitiless, merciless pitival — (kwel) pitiable ---- pitsa — (kwo) pizza ---- plaki — (zwo) weep, cry plaki-shwo — lament, keen plaka — (kwo) weeping plaknik — (kwo) weeper, cry-baby, sniveller ---- plan — (kwo) plan plani — (zwo) plan planing — (kwo) planning ---- plane — (kwel) plane, level, even, flat (cf. "plate") plana — (kwo) plane planika — (kwo) plain; smth level planisi — (zwo) even, level, plane planisa — (kwo) levelling, smoothing ---- planeta — (kwo) planet planeta-ney — (kwel) planetary ---- planka — (kwo) plank, board planka-kama — (kwo) plank bed ---- planta — (kwo) plant (organism) planti — (zwo) plant beplanti agra bay repa — to plant the field with turnips planting — (kwo) planting (act) plantiwat — (kwo) planted plant plantura — (kwo) plantation, planting (also "plantasion") ---- plasa — (kwo) place (for smth or smb; room, space — cf. “loko”) okupi plasa — to occupy a place Plasa ye. — There are free places./There is room. Plasa yok. — There are no places./There is no room. plasi — (zwo) place fa-plasi — (zwo) find room, go in, be placed ---- plasma — (kwo) plasma ---- plasta — (kwo) plaster (adhesive bandage) lipi-plasta — (kwo) sticking plaster ---- plastik — (kwo) plastic (material) plastik(-ney) — (kwel) plastic ---- plastike — (kwel) plastic (capable of being shaped or formed) ---- plataforma — (kwo) platform ---- plate — (kwel) flat, flattened platbota — flat-boat platpeda — flat-foot plata — (kwo) plate, plaque, slab platem — (komo) flatways, flatwise plati — (zwo) flatten (tr./intr.) plating — (kwo) flattening (process) platisi — (zwo) flatten (tr.) platifi — (zwo) flatten (intr.) platifa — (kwo) flattening (act or result) ---- platin — (kwo) platinum ---- plato — (kwo) plateau, tableland ---- playa — (kwo) beach ---- plecha — (kwo) shoulder ek-lifti plechas — shrug one's shoulders plechavati — (zwo) shoulder ---- plei — (zwo) play (cf. "baji") plei ruola — play role pleisa — (kwo) play (cf. “geim”) pleika — (kwo) plaything, toy pleier — (kwo) player plei-sha — (kwo) player (person) ---- plen — (kwo) captivity plenjen — (kwo) captive, prisoner plenisi — (zwo) take prisoner ---- plesir — (kwo) pleasure kun plesir — with pleasure ---- pleski — (zwo) splash, plash, lap, swash pleska — (kwo) splash, plash, lapping, swash ek-pleska — (kwo) a splash (single) ---- plexi — (zwo) braid, plait, twine, wreathe, weave plexika — (kwo) smth (inter)twined; plait, braid plexus — (kwo) plexus (anatomy) ---- pliga — (kwo) fold; crease, plait pligi — (zwo) fold depligi — (zwo) unfold pligibile — (kwel) folding (designed to fold) ---- plis — (exklami) please Dai a me chiza plis. — Give me the spoon please. ---- plota — (kwo) raft ---- pluga — (kwo) plough, plow plugi — (zwo) plough pluging — (kwo) ploughing, tillage pluger — (kwo) plowman, ploughman pluga-sikin — (kwo) ploughshare ---- pluki — (zwo) pluck, cull, gather, pick (fruits, flowers, etc.); pluck (pull out the hair or feather of) ---- pluma — (kwo) feather, plume plumamao — (kwo) plumage, feathering ---- plumba — (kwo) lead (metal) ---- plunji — (zwo) dive, plunge (also into an activity) plunja — (kwo) dive, plunge plunjer — (kwo) diver ---- pluri — (inplas-kwanto) several Me hev pluri kitaba. — I have several books. Me he visiti ela pluri ves. — I visited her several times. pluri-forma, plurika — (kwo) plural (gram.) ---- plus — (kwo, konekti, komo) plus (plus sign; advantage; besides) To es plus fo yu. — That is a plus for you. Char plus pet es nin. — Four plus five is nine. plus-ney — (kwel) plus, extra, additional plusi — (zwo) add ---- Pluton — (kwo) Pluto ---- pluva — (kwo) rain pluvi — (zwo) rain pluvi gro — it is pouring, it pours pluvi-ki — it is drizzling, it drizzles pluvinka — (kwo) raindrop aispluva — (kwo) hail ---- po — (konekti) po (refers to distribution in portions) olo es po tri dolar — everything costs 3 dollars each piece po un jen — one at a time, one by one po tri — in threes po shao — in small portions shao-po-shao — little by little ---- poda — (kwo) floor (cf. “etaja”) ---- podle — (kwel) vile; mean; foul podla — (kwo) scoundrel, rascal, villain ---- poema — (kwo) poem ---- poesia — (kwo) poetry ---- poeta — (kwo) poet poetike — (kwel) poetic shma-poeta — (kwo) poetaster ---- pokloni — (zwo) bow (in greeting, courtesy, veneration, etc.) poklona — (kwo) bow ---- pol — (kwo) pole (either extremity of an axis through a sphere; a magnetic pole) polare — (kwel) polar polaritaa — (kwo) polarity polarisi — (zwo) polarize (tr.) polarisa — (kwo) polarization ---- poliglota — (kwo) polyglot ---- Polinesia — (kwo) Polynesia ---- polis — (kwo) police polisyuan — (kwo) policeman polisguan — (kwo) police station ---- politika — (kwo) policy, politics politike — (kwo) political politiker — (kwo) politician ---- polsa — (kwo) wrist (the joint between the hand and the forearm) See also: pulsa ---- polva — (kwo) dust polvinka — (kwo) speck of dust polvisi — (zwo) spray, atomize, pulverize polviser — (kwo) sprayer, atomizer, pulverizer ---- pompa — (kwo) pomp, state fai pompa — behave pompously pompa-ney, pompaful — (kwel) pompous ---- pon — (zwo) put pon se dar — put it there bepon tabla — lay the table ---- pondi — (zwo) weigh (determine weight; consider — cf. “vegi”) ponding — (kwo) weighing pondika — (kwo) balance, scales (also «vaka») pondidan — (kwo) scale (either of the pans, trays or dishes of a balance or scales) ---- poni — (kwo) pony ---- ponta — (kwo) bridge ---- pop — (kwo) Christian priest ---- popa — (kwo) stern, poop; buttocks, bottom ---- popla — (kwo) poplar ---- populare — (kwo) popular ---- populasion — (kwo) population ---- por — (konekti) due to, because of Danke por atenta! — Thank you for your attention! Nu bu go promeni por bade meteo. — We are not going for a walk due to bad weather. Me lai por vidi luma in yur winda. – I came because of seeing light in your windows. ---- porcha — (kwo) porch ---- porti — (zwo) bear, carry; wear raki-porti — convey or transport in a vehicle porti wek — (zwo) take away, carry away porting — (kwo) carrying, bearing portibile — (kwel) portable portisulam — ladder porter — (kwo) porter portika — (kwo) stretcher, litter portiwat — (kwo) what is carried, load, burden ---- portreta — (kwo) portrait ---- portu — (kwo) port, harbour ---- Portugal — Portugal Portugal-jen — inhabitant/citizen of Portugal ---- portuges — (kwel, kwo) Portuguese (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Portuguese (person of Portuguese ethnicity); Portuguese language ---- posa — (kwo) pose, posture ---- posesi — (zwo) possess poseser — (kwo) owner, proprietor, possessor, holder ardaposeser — (kwo) landowner en-posesi — (zwo) take possession of ---- posh — (kwo) pocket poshtuh — (kwo) handkerchief ---- posible — (kwel) possible buposible — impossible posiblitaa — (kwo) possibility mah-posible — (zwo) enable (also “mogisi”) ---- posision — (kwo) position posision-ney — (kwel) positional ---- positive — (kwel) positive positiva — (kwo) positive ---- posta — (kwo) 1) post (position of employment; outpost, guard-post — cf. "meil"); 2) post (message in an electronic forum) posti — (zwo) post (send to an electronic forum) ---- pot — (kwo) pot (a household vessel of medium size) florpot — (kwo) flowerpot kukipot — (kwo) cooking pot ---- potensial — (kwo) potential (ability or capacity for growth; physical notion) ---- potente — (kwel) potential, potent, endowed with energy adequate to a result potensia — (kwo) potentiality, potency, ability or capacity to perform; math. power potensia de motor — engine potency ---- povre — (kwel) poor (with little money; to be pitied) povre jen — poor man; pauper povre jenta — the poor povritaa — (kwo) poverty povra (povro, povrina) — (kwo) poor fellow ---- poy — (taim-komo) then, later Me bu mog go adar nau, me ve go poy. — I cannot go there now, I shall go later. un-nem... poy — first... then Un-nem me go a skola, poy a dom. — First I go to school, then home. ---- pra — (syao) 1) remote kinship praopa — great-grandfather prajanmer — forebear prakinda — descendant, offspring, scion 2) primordiality, antiquity pralingwa — parent language prajen — ancestor, forefather ---- prais — (kwo) price prais-lista — (kwo) price list ---- praktika — (kwo) practice praktike — (kwel) practical, pertaining to practice praktikem — (komo) practically praktiki — (zwo) practice, exercise, put into practice praktiki-she leker — a practical doctor ---- pravaslavia — (kwo) Orthodoxy (religion) pravaslavike — (kwel) Orthodox pravaslavike Kirka — Orthodox Church ---- prave — (kwel) right (correct, just, true, appropriate; synonyms with narrower meaning are “vere, juste, korekte”) prave jawaba — right answer prave desida — sound decision prave dao — right way yu es prave — you are right pravitaa — (kwo) rightness noprave — (kwel) wrong pravnik — (kwo) righteous man ---- pre — (syao) pre-, fore- previdi — to foresee preshwo — to foretell pre-existi — to preexist prenam — forename preyeri — the day before yesterday pregoer — predecessor prejuda — prejudice prelaste — penultimate ---- preferi — (zwo) prefer me preferi pi chay — I better drink tea preferi koysa pyu kem koysa — to prefer smth to smth prefera — (kwo) preference preferival — (kwel) preferable, preferred preferivalem — (komo) preferably ---- pregi — (zwo) ask for, beg, request pregi-pai — obtain by request, asking prega — (kwo) request gro-pregi — (zwo) entreat, implore, supplicate, beseech gro-prega — (kwo) entreaty ---- prei — (zwo) pray preisa — (kwo) prayer preiyuan — (kwo) priest preikitaba — (kwo) prayer book preijuk — (kwo) mantis ---- prelime — (kwel) preliminary ---- premia — (kwo) bonus, premium (also finance), prize Nobel premia — Nobel Prize ---- pren — (zwo) take prensa — (kwo) taking ---- pres — (kwo) press (the entirety of media and agencies that collect, publish, transmit, or broadcast the news — cf. "preser") ---- presedi — (zwo) precede presedi-she — (kwel) preceding preseda — (kwo) precedence ---- presente — (kwel) present (not absent; current) presensia — (kwo) presence ---- preservi — (zwo) preserve (fon koysa — from smth), save, keep from injury ---- presi — (zwo) press ek-presi handa — shake hand presi labas — press one's lips together taim presi — the time presses preser — (kwo) press (a devise used to apply pressure to an item) presa — (kwo) pressure ---- presidenta — (kwo) president; chairman ---- presigna — (kwo) omen, presage, augury presigni — (zwo) portend, presage, forebode (Origin: pre+signa) ---- preskribi — (zwo) prescribe, direct, order preskriba — (kwo) precept, direction; prescription ---- presuposi — (zwo) presuppose, imply as an antecedent condition ---- preventi — (zwo) prevent preventa — (kwo) prevention ---- preworda — (zwo) preface, foreword ---- pri — (sta) to like Me pri flor. — I like flowers. Me pri sey flor. — I like this flower. May kinda pri rasmi. — My child likes to draw. pria — (kwo) liking prival — (kwel) lovely, alluring, nice ---- priate — (kwel) agreeable, pleasant, pleasing nopriate — (kwel) disagreeable, unpleasant ---- prichi — (zwo) preach pricha — (kwo) sermon, preaching, preachment ---- primare — (kwel) primary (elementary, first or lowest in order) ---- prime — (kwel) prime (first in importance or quality), primary, paramount es prime kwesta — it’s a question of primary importance primem — (komo) above all, first of all; primarily, chiefly, mainly, principally ---- primitive — (kwel) primitive ---- primula — (kwo) primula, primrose ---- prinsa — (kwo) prince ---- prinsip — (kwo) principle prinsip-ney — (kwel) of principle ---- printi — (zwo) print printa, printing — (kwo) print, printing printer — (kwo) printer printiguan — (kwo) printing house ---- pris — (kwo) prize (smth striven for in a contest) ---- prisenti — (zwo) present (reveal, show) prisenta — (kwo) presentation ---- prison — (kwo) prison, jail prisonyuan — (kwo) jailer ---- private — (kwel) private ---- privilegia — (kwo) privilege ---- pro — (konekti-syao) pro, in favour of pro-westa-ney stata — a pro-Western state Nu es pro guverna. — We support government. Ob yu es pro may idea? — Do you support my idea? ---- proba — (kwo) trial, test; sample probi — (zwo) sample (to take or to test a sample), test; try on; try out (cf. “trai”) ---- probable — (kwel) probable, likely shao-probable — unlikely, not likely probablem — (komo) probably (see also “shayad”) probablitaa — (kwo) probability ---- problema — (kwo) problem problema yok! — no problem! ---- probus — (kwo) proboscis (of elephant, of insect) ---- produkta — (kwo) product produkti — (zwo) produce produktive — (kwel) productive produktivitaa — (kwo) productivity produkter — (kwo) producer produkting — (kwo) production produktura — (kwo) produce, items/amount produced ---- profesion — (kwo) profession, occupation See also: profi ---- profesor — (kwo) professor ---- profeta — (kwo) prophet, seer profeti — (zwo) prophesy, augur profetura — (kwo) prophecy ---- profi — (kwo) professional (expert), pro profi-ney — (kwel) professional ---- profit — (kwo) profit profit-ney — (kwel) profitable profiti — (zwo) profit ---- prognosa — (kwo) prognosis, forecast prognosi — (zwo) prognose ---- programa — (kwo) programme programi — (zwo) programme programing — (kwo) programming programista — (kwo) programer ---- progresa — (kwo) progress progresi — (zwo) progress ---- prohibi — (zwo) prohibit, forbid, interdict prohiba — (kwo) prohibition, interdiction, ban ---- Proisen — (kwo) Prussia ---- proisih — (kwel, kwo) Prussian ---- proklami — (zwo) proclaim, cry out proklama — (kwo) proclamation ---- prolongi — (zwo) prolong, lengthen, extend prolonga — (kwo) prolongation ---- promeni — (zwo) stroll, go for a walk pyu hao ke yu go promeni — you better go for a walk promena — (kwo) walk, stroll ---- pronunsi — (zwo) pronounce (utter, say words) pronunsa — (kwo) pronunciation ---- propagandi — (zwo) propagandize propaganda — (kwo) propaganda propagander — (kwo) propagandizer, propagandist ---- propagi — (zwo) propagate (extend, spread) propaga — (kwo) propagation (dissemination, diffusion) ---- prope — (kwel) own prope nam — proper name propisi — (zwo) appropriate, take for one’s own Syn.: swa-ney ---- proporsion — (kwo) proportion proporsion-ney — (kwel) proportional, proportionate proporsion-nem — (komo) proportionally ---- proposi — (zwo) propose (suggest) proposa — (kwo) proposal, proposition, suggestion proposa om salam — peace proposal ---- prosa — (kwo) prose prosa-ney, prosalik — (kwo) prosaic ---- prosenta — (kwo) percent ---- prosesa — (kwo) process ---- prosesion — (kwo) procession, train ---- prostituta — (kwo) prostitute ---- protekti — (zwo) protect protekta — (kwo) protection protekter — (kwo) protector protektive — (kwel) protective ---- protesti — (zwo) protest protesti kontra gwer — protest against the war protesta — (kwo) protest ---- prototip — (kwo) prototype ---- provinsia — (kwo) province provinsiale — (kwel) provincial ---- proyekta — (kwo) project proyekti — (zwo) project ---- pruf — (kwel) proof (firm or successful in resisting) akwapruf kloka — waterproof watch pruf kontra temta — proof against temptation ---- pruja — (kwo) spring (mechanical device — cf. "vesna") pruji — (zwo) be springy/resilient pruji-she — (kwel) springy, resilient ---- pruta — (kwo) rod (bar; twig) grata-pruta — grate bars ---- pruvi — (zwo) prove (give proof) pruva — (kwo) proof ---- psikiatria — (kwo) psychiatry psikiatrike — (kwel) psychiatric psikiatrier — (kwo) psychiatrist, psychiater ---- psikika — (kwo) psyche psikike — (kwel) psychic, psychical ---- psora — (kwo) any evident skin disease psora-ney (psore) — (kwo) mangy, scabby ---- publika — (kwo) public; audience publike — (kwel) public publikisi — (zwo) publish, make public ---- puda — (kwo) powder dentapuda — tooth-powder woshpuda — washing powder lignapuda — sawdust ---- pudla — (kwo) poodle ---- puha — (kwo) fluff, fuzz, fluffy covering (down; thin hair) puha-ney (puhe) — (kwel) downy, fluffy puhisi — (zwo) fluff up ---- puhle — (kwel) swollen; plump puhlifi — (zwo) swell puhlifa — (kwo) swelling puhlika — (kwo) tumor ---- puji — (zwo) worship puja — (kwo) worship ---- pula — (kwo) domestic fowl(s), poultry pula-ferma — poultry farm ---- pulga — (kwo) flea ---- pulmon — (kwo) lung pulmones — the lungs ---- pulova — (kwo) sweater, pullover ---- pulsa — (kwo) pulse ---- puma — (kwo) puma ---- pumbe — (kwel) silly (may be used without insulting connotations), simple-minded, goofy pumba — (kwo) silly, simpleton, ninny, duffer pumbitaa — (kwo) folly See also: stupide ---- pumpa — (kwo) pump pumpi — (zwo) pump pumping — (kwo) pumping ---- puni — (zwo) punish puna — (kwo) punishment, penalty manipuna — (kwo) fine (a payment or fee issued as punishment for breaking the law) punitive — (kwel) punitive punival — (kwel) deserving punishment ---- punta — (kwo) point (dot; full stop, period; item or entry in list; score; place or locality) puntakoma — (kwo) semicolon dwapunta — (kwo) colon (punctuation mark) vidipunta — (kwo) point of view, standpoint punta-konta — (kwo) score (number of points earned) ---- pupila — (kwo) pupil (of eye) ---- pur — (konekti) 1) for, in exchange for Tu kupi signifi pren koysa pur mani. — To buy means to take something for money. pur to — in return, instead, but then 2) for, in place of chi pur tri jen — eat for three men ---- pure — (kwel) pure pure fantasia — sheer fantasy puritaa — (kwo) purity purisi — (zwo) purify purisa — (kwo) purification ---- purgi — (zwo) purge (the body, soul, mind, party) purga — (kwo) purge (act) purgi-farmak, purgika — (kwo) purge (medicine) ---- purpur — (kwo) purple purpur-ney — (kwel) purple ---- pushi — (zwo) push pushi-ofni dwar chaurem — push the door wide open pusha — (kwo) push pushing — (kwo) pushing ---- putre — (kwel) rotten; putrid putri — (zwo) rot (tr./intr.) putrifi — (zwo) rot, decay, putrefy, become bad putrisi — (zwo) make rot putrika — (kwo) rotten stuff ---- putunhua — (kwo) Putonghua ---- pwa — (kwo) pea(s) pwa-sup — pea soup grin pwa — green peas ---- pyan — (kwel) drunk, drunken, tipsy ta es pyan — he/she is drunk gro-pyan — (kwel) blind drunk pyannesa — (kwo) intoxication fa-pyan — (zwo) become drunk pyani — (zwo) drink hard/heavily pyaning — (kwo) drunkenness, hard drinking pyanisi (mah-pyan) — (zwo) make drunk, intoxicate pyannik — (kwo) drunkard ---- pyasi — (zwo) thirst pyasa — (kwo) thirst fai pyasa — be thirsty defai pyasa — slake/quench one's thirst pyasa-ney (pyase) — (kwel) thirsty sta pyase — be thirsty ---- pyata — (kwo) plate (dish) chyen pyata — dinner-plate; side plate glube pyata — soup-plate ---- pyu — (gramatika-komo) more Sey gaseta es pyu interes-ney kem toy-la. — This newspaper is more interesting than that one. Lu lopi pyu kway kem yu. — He runs quicker than you. Lu lekti pyu kem me. — He reads more than me. Me bu yao audi se pyu. — I don't want to listen to this any more. pyu o meno hao, pyu-meno hao — more or less good fa-pyu — (zwo) increase (intr.) mah-pyu — (zwo) increase (tr.) pyu-nem — (komo) rather, to a greater degree ---- rabati — (zwo) make a reduction in (value or price) rabata — (kwo) reduction, diminution, rebate, abatement (in price) ---- rabia — (kwo) rabies, canine madness rabike — (kwel) rabid ---- rada — (kwo) wheel dentarada — (kwo) gear wheel, cog-wheel ---- radiatia — (kwo) radiation radiati — (zwo) radiate ---- radikal — (kwo) radical (linguistics, chemistry) radikal-ney — (kwel) radical (linguistics, chemistry) ---- radikale — (kwel) radical (favouring fundamental change) radikala — (kwo) radical (a person with radical opinions) ---- radio — (kwo) radio radioyuan — (kwo) radio/wireless operator fai radio — (zwo) wireless, radio, wire ---- radis — (kwo) radish ---- raduga — (kwo) rainbow raduga-ney (raduge) — (kwel) iridescent, rainbow radugisi — (zwo) rainbow ---- radyum — (kwo) radium ---- ragi — (zwo) jut out, protrude, stick up, stick out ragi-she — (kwel) prominent, protruding ---- rahim — (kwel) merciful; charitable rahimtaa — (kwo) mercy, charity, grace rahimem — (komo) mercifully norahimem — (komo) unmercifully, cruelly rahimi — (zwo) spare (treat mercifully) ---- raidi — (zwo) ride (on a horse), straddle raidi-shem (raidem) — (komo) astride, astraddle raider — (kwo) rider ---- raita — (kwo) right (a legal or moral entitlement) jen raitas — human rights voti-raita — the right to vote, suffrage ---- raja — (kwo) raja ---- raketa — (kwo) 1) rocket; missile ala-raketa — cruise missile 2) racquet ---- raki — (zwo) ride (to transport oneself by means of smth), drive, go by smth (tr./intr.) raki kaval — ride a horse raki bus — go by bus raki tren — go by train raker — (kwo) rider; passenger raking — (kwo) ride, riding; drive, driving rakibile — (kwel) passable, able to be ridden along (road) ---- rakonti — (zwo) narrate, tell, give an account, recount rakonta — (kwo) tale, narrative, story, account ---- rakun — (kwo) racoon ---- ramla — (kwo) sand ramlinka — (kwo) grain of sand ramlakloka — (kwo) hourglass ---- randa — (kwo) plane (tool) ---- rane — (kwel) early ranem — (komo) early Ant.: tarde ---- rap — (kwo) rap music rapi — (zwo) rap ---- rare — (kwel) rare, infrequent rarem — (komo) seldom, rarely, infrequently raritaa — (kwo) rarity (rareness) rarika — (kwo) rarity (a rare object) ---- ras — (syao) "separation, division, or dispersion" muvi to move — rasmuvi to move apart dai to give — rasdai to distribute, give to several people sendi to send — rassendi to send out/round lwo to fall — raslwo to fall to pieces pon to put — raspon to lay out, place goni to drive, chase — rasgoni to drive away, disperse, scatter haki to hack — ras-haki to hack to pieces pendi to hang — raspendi to hang out lansi to throw — raslansi to throw around, scatter ---- rasa — (kwo) race (breed) ---- rasma — (kwo) drawing (smth drawn: picture, diagram, etc.) rasmi — (zwo) draw (depict with lines) rasming — (kwo) drawing (act or instance; the art) ---- raspi — (zwo) scrape, rasp, abrade, graze raspitul — (kwo) rasp file raspitura — (kwo) graze, abrasion ---- rasta — (kwo) rake (tool) rasti — (zwo) rake rasting — (kwo) raking ---- rasum — (kwo) reason (cognitive faculties; reasoning; ability to think — cf. “kausa”) jen do rasum — man of reason rasum-ney — (kwel) reasonable norasum-ney — (kwel) unreasonable, unwise; foolish norasum-ney akta — an unwise act rasum-nem — (komo) reasonably ---- rata — (kwo) rat ---- raubi — (zwo) rob, maraud, plunder, loot rauba — (kwo) robbery, brigandage, pillage rauber — (kwo) robber, brigand ---- rauki — (zwo) wheeze; speak hoarsely, croak; be hoarse rauka — (kwo) wheeze, hoarse sound rauka-ney (rauke) — (kwel) hoarse, raucous, husky ---- raunda — (kwo) round (a unit of play) ---- ravan — (kwo) amble (of a horse) ravaner, ravan-kaval — (kwo) ambler ---- ray — (kwo) ray, beam surya ray — sun’s rays rayvati — (zwo) beam smaili-rayvati an koywan — beam at smb ---- razi — (zwo) shave razi swa — shave oneself raza, razing — (kwo) shave, shaving razer — (kwo) razor ---- rea — (kwo) rhea ---- reaksion — (kwo) reaction (chemistry, physics) reaksioni — (zwo) react (chemistry, physics) ---- reakti — (zwo) react (act in response) reakta — (kwo) reaction ---- reale — (kwel) real realem — (komo) really realitaa — (kwo) reality in realitaa — in reality realisi — (zwo) realize (make real) realifi — (zwo) come true, be realized realisa — (kwo) realization (making real), accomplishment realisibile — (kwel) realizable ---- rebeli — (zwo) rebel rebela — (kwo) rebellion ---- redakti — (zwo) edit redakter — (kwo) editor redakting — (kwo) redaction (process of editing) redakta (redaktura) — (kwo) redaction, version tri-ney redakta de kitaba — the third version of the book redaktitim — (kwo) editorial staff redaktiguan — (kwo) editorial office ---- redukti — (zwo) reduce redukta — (kwo) reduction redukter — (kwo) reducer ---- reflekti — (zwo) reflect (throw or bend back from a surface, mirror — cf. "mediti") reflekta — (kwo) reflection ---- reflexa — (kwo) reflex (physiology, phychology) ---- reformi — (zwo) reform, amend for the better reforma — (kwo) reform ---- refuja — (kwo) refuge, shelter refuji — (zwo) refuge, shelter ---- refusi — (zwo) refuse, decline refusa — (kwo) refusal ---- refuti — (zwo) refute, confute, disprove refuta — (kwo) refutation, disproof ---- rega — (kwo) monarch, king/queen rego — (kwo) king regina — (kwo) queen regale — (kwel) royal, regal, kingly regi — (zwo) reign reging — (kwo) reign regilok, regilanda — (kwo) kingdom, realm ---- regei — (kwo) reggae ---- regimenta — (kwo) regiment ---- region — (kwo) region (all senses) regionale — (kwel) regional ---- register — (kwo) register (computer science, music) ---- registri — (zwo) register (record, enter, enroll) registra — (kwo) registration ---- regula — (kwo) rule, regulation kom regula — as a rule regulatot — (kwo) regulations regulare — (kwel) regular regularitaa — (kwo) regularity reguli — (zwo) regulate reguling — (kwo) regulation (act of regulating) regulator — (kwo) regulator ---- reina — (kwo) rein ---- rejekti — (zwo) reject rejekta — (kwo) rejection ---- rejim — (kwo) regime, regimen ---- rejisor — (kwo) director (in a show or film) ---- rek — (komo) right (directly, straight; downright, quite) Es rek stupide. — It's downright stupid. chi rek bay handas — eat directly by hands Syn.: ga; direktem ---- reka — (kwo) streak, stroke, line (cf. “treta”) ---- reklama — (kwo) advertisement; ad, commercial reklami — (zwo) advertise reklaming — (kwo) advertising ---- rekola — (kwo) harvest rekoli — (zwo) harvest rekoling — (kwo) harvesting ---- rekomendi — (zwo) recommend rekomenda — (kwo) recommendation ---- rekompensi — (zwo) recompense, reward, remunerate rekompensa — (kwo) requital, recompense ---- rekoni — (zwo) recognize (identify; acknowledge, admit, own) rekoni lao amiga — recognize an old friend rekoni pa vos — recognize by voice rekoni nodependa — recognize independence rekoni swa-ney galta — admit one's mistakes rekona — (kwo) recognition ---- rekonsili — (zwo) reconcile rekonsila — (kwo) reconciliation ---- rekor — (kwo) record (unsurpassed measurement) ---- rekordi — (zwo) record, make an audio/video recording rekorda — (kwo) record, recording ---- rekruta — (kwo) recruit, conscript rekruti — (zwo) recruit, enroll, enlist ---- rekte — (kwel) straight (not crooked or bent) rekte linia — a straight line rektisi — (zwo) straighten rektangula — (kwo) rectangle ---- rel — (kwo) rail (the metal bar that makes the track for a railroad) ---- relatem — (konekti) in relation to, relative to un relatem otre — one relative to the other Lu es neutrale relatem sey kwesta. — He is neutral in relation to this question. ---- relati — (zwo) relate (have connection or relationship) se bu relati a dela — this doesn’t relate to the matter relata — (kwo) relation, relationship (connection; condition of being related) relative — (kwel) relative relativem — (komo) relatively relativitaa — (kwo) relativity ---- religion — (kwo) religion religion-ney — (kwel) religious (of religion) religionful — (kwel) religious (having reverence for God) ---- reloki — (zwo) relocate relokifi — (zwo) move (to), migrate, transmigrate, resettle reloka — (kwo) relocation ---- rema — (kwo) oar remi — (zwo) row (propel a boat by use of an oar) reming — (kwo) rowing ek-reming — a sweep of oars remer — (kwo) rower, oarsman ---- remarki — (zwo) remark (express briefly and casually as a comment) remarka — (kwo) remark (comment, a casual or brief expression of opinion) ---- remembi — (zwo) remember (have in memory; recall from memory) rememba — (kwo) recollection, reminiscence pa rememba de koysa — in memory of smth, in remembrance of smth mah-remembi — (zwo) remind ("to memorize" is "memorisi") ---- remorsi — (zwo) feel remorse remorsa — (kwo) remorse ---- renegat — (kwo) renegade, apostate renegat-ney — (kwel) renegade, apostate ---- rensheng — (kwo) ginseng ---- renta — (kwo) rent (payment) ---- renversi — (zwo) capsize, overturn; overthrow, subvert renversa — (kwo) overthrow ---- repa — (kwo) turnip ---- repari — (zwo) repair repari-ney (reparen) — (kwel) repaired repara — (kwo) repair reparaguan — (kwo) repair shop/station ---- repeli — (zwo) repel (put off, force away) olea repeli akwa — oil repels water elektre sharja do same signa repeli mutu — electric charges of the same sign repel one another repela — (kwo) repelling, repulsion repeler — (kwo) repellent ---- repertuar — (kwo) repertoire, repertory ---- repeti — (zwo) repeat; rehearse (practice by repetition) repeta — (kwo) repetition; rehearsal ---- replasi — (zwo) replace, displace, supersede replasa — (kwo) replacement ---- repliki — (zwo) cue, retort, rejoin, reply replika — (kwo) cue, retort, replication, rejoinder, reply ---- reporta — (kwo) report, account, reportage reporti — (zwo) report, give an account reporter — (kwo) reporter ---- reposi — (zwo) rest, take/have a rest, repose reposi-stopa — halt, rest reposa — (kwo) rest, repose ---- representi — (zwo) represent (stand for; be the representative of; depict) representer — (kwo) representative ---- represi — (zwo) repress, check, restrain, suppress, subdue represi rida — repress a laugh represa — (kwo) repression ---- reprodukti — (zwo) reproduce reprodukta — (kwo) reproduction reproduktive — (kwel) reproductive ---- reproshi — (zwo) reproach, upbraid reprosha — (kwo) reproach, reproof, rebuke sinreprosha-ney (sinreproshe) — (kwel) irreproachable, blameless ---- reptila — (kwo) reptile ---- republika — (kwo) republic republikista — (kwo) republican ---- reputasion — (kwo) reputation ---- resepta — (kwo) recipe ---- reservi — (zwo) reserve, save, set apart, lay by or up reserva — (kwo) reserve, store, stock reserva-ney (reserve) — (kwel) reserve, spare, held in or forming a reserve ---- residi — (zwo) reside, dwell, abide residilok — (kwo) residence, abode ---- resisti — (zwo) resist resisti koysa — withstand smth resista — (kwo) resistance ---- resivi — (zwo) receive resiva — (kwo) reception resivi-sha — (kwo) recipient, receiver (person), receptionist resiviyuan — (kwo) receptionist resiver — (kwo) receiver (device) resivi-shamba — (kwo) reception, parlour ---- resolusion — (kwo) resolution (formal decision) ---- resolute — (kwel) resolute, determined, firm, unwavering resolutem — (komo) resolutely resolutenesa — (kwo) resoluteness, determination, resolution resoluti — (zwo) be resolved ---- resolvi — (zwo) solve, resolve (find solution — cf. “solvi”) resolva — (kwo) solution (answer, plan) ---- reson — (kwo) reason, grounds; point, sense; argument resoni — (zwo) reason resona, resoning — (kwo) reasoning resonful — (kwel) reasonable, well-grounded, having a point ---- resora — (kwo) spring (of vehicle) ---- respekti — (zwo) respect, esteem respekta — (kwo) respect, esteem kun gro-respekta — with profound respect respektival — (kwel) respectable, honourable ---- responsi — (zwo) be responsible (om koysa — for smth) responsi-she — (kwel) responsible responsa — (kwo) responsibility ---- resti — (zwo) remain (continue unchanged in place, form or state; be left over) resti stan — remain standing, stand on resti pa dom — stay at home resta — (kwo) remainder, rest resting — (kwo) stay, sojourn resta-ney (reste) — (kwel) remaining lo reste — the rest; olo reste — all the rest restes — the rest (people) restika — (kwo) remainder; change (money given back) ---- restori — (zwo) restore restora — (kwo) restoration ---- resulta — (kwo) result resulti — (zwo) result ---- resumi — (zwo) recapitulate, sum up, summarize resuma — (kwo) recapitulation, summary, resume ---- reteni — (zwo) retain, keep in one’s possession retena — (kwo) retention Syn.: kipi ---- returni — (zwo) return (come or go back; give back) returna — (kwo) return ---- reumatisma — (kwo) rheumatism (a short form is «reuma») ---- reveli — (zwo) reveal, disclose, uncover reveli ke — as it turned out reveli swa — reveal oneself fa-reveli — (zwo) turn out, prove (to be) riva fa-reveli chyen — the river turned out to be shallow revela — (kwo) revelation, disclosure ---- reversa — (kwo) reverse (back side of anything); reversal sin reversa — irreversibly reversa-ney (reverse) — (kwel) reverse reversi — (zwo) reverse (turn or move in the opposite direction) ---- revolusion — (kwo) revolution (overthrow of government; a momentous change in a situation) revolusion-ney — (kwel) revolutionary ---- ri — (syao) “again, anew” riapari — to reappear rizwo — to redo ---- riba — (kwo) rib (anat. and fig.) ---- riche — (kwel) rich richenesa — (kwo) richness fa-riche — (zwo) become rich ---- ridi — (zwo) laugh rida — (kwo) laugh ridival — (kwel) laughable, ridiculous ---- rif — (kwo) reef (rocks at or near surface of water) ---- rigide — (kwel) rigid, stiff, unyielding rigiditaa — (kwo) rigidity ---- rima — (kwo) rhyme rimi — (zwo) rhyme ---- ring — (kwo) (boxing) ring ---- ris — (kwo) rice ---- rishte — (kwel) kindred, related, akin rishtitaa — (kwo) kindred, kinship, relationship rishtejen, rishta — (kwo) kinsman, relative rishtejenta — (kwo) kinsfolk, relatives, relations, kin ---- risin — (kwo) ricin risinbush — (kwo) castor oil plant risinolea — (kwo) castor oil ---- riska — (kwo) risk, hazard riski — (zwo) risk, hazard ---- riter — (kwo) knight ---- ritma — (kwo) rhythm ritmike — (kwel) rhythmic, rhythmical ---- ritual — (kwo) ritual, rite ritual-ney — (kwel) ritual ---- riva — (kwo) river ---- riza — (kwo) root (also math.) kwadra-riza — square root riza-ney — (kwel) radical (of or pertaining to a root or to the intrinsic nature of smth) ---- roba — (kwo) dress, gown shamba-roba — (kwo) dressing gown ---- rogen — (kwo) rye ---- roka — (kwo) rock (a relatively large body of rock, as a cliff or peak) ---- roli — (zwo) roll rolika — (kwo) roll; roller rola, roling — (kwo) roll (act), rolling rolibutas — (kwo) roller skates See also: volvi ---- rom — (kwo) rum ---- romale — (kwel, kwo) Gipsy; a Gipsy; the Gipsy language jamile romale gana — beautiful Gipsy song ---- roman — (kwo) novel (rather large — cf. “novela”) roman-ki — (kwo) short novel, story, narrative ---- romanike — (kwel) Romance, Romanic romanike lingwa — Romance language ---- ronde — (kwel) round ronda — (kwo) round (a circular object/route) muva pa ronda — movement in a circle rondisi — (zwo) round (off) ---- rosa — (kwo) rose ---- rose — (kwel) pink, rosy ---- rosti — (zwo) roast rostiwat — (kwo) roast (smth roasted or prepared for roasting) ---- roti — (zwo) rotate, revolve rota — (kwo) rotation, revolution ---- rubin — (kwo) ruby (red jem) ---- rubla — (kwo) rouble ---- ruchey — (kwo) brook, creek, stream ---- rude — (kwel) red rude flaga — red flag rudish — (kwel) reddish, red (of hair), orange-brown, ginger rudifi (fa-rude) — (zwo) redden, become red rudisi (mah-rude) — (zwo) redden, make red ---- ruf — (kwo) roof rufshamba — (kwo) attic, garret ---- ruga — (kwo) wrinkle (crease) rugi — (zwo) wrinkle, wrinkle up rugi nos/frenta — wrinkle one’s nose/forehead ---- ruina — (kwo) ruin (remains), ruins ruini — (zwo) ruin ---- ruja — (kwo) rust ruja-ney (ruje) — (kwel) rusty ruji — (zwo) rust buruji-stal — rustless steel, stainless steel rujing — (kwo) rusting ---- rul — (kwo) steering apparatus: steering wheel; handlebars; helm; rudder ruli — (zwo) steer, drive; rule, control ---- ruola — (kwo) role, part plei/fai ruola — to act the part ---- rupti — (zwo) break rupta — (kwo) breakdown, breakage ruptishil — (kwel) fragile shiprupta — (kwo) shipwreck rasrupti — (zwo) knock to pieces, to smash into smithereens ---- Rusia — (kwo) Russia Rusia-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Russia ---- ruski — (kwel, kwo) Russian (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Russian (person of Russian ethnicity); Russian language ---- rusla — (kwo) watercourse, (river)bed, channel ---- ruta — (kwo) route, itinerary ---- rutabaga — (kwo) swede, rutabaga ---- rutina — (kwo) routine, rut rutina-ney (rutine) — (kwel) routine, trivial, commonplace ---- sabah — (kwo) morning sey sabah — this morning manya sabah — tomorrow morning ranem pa sabah — early in the morning Hao sabah! — Good morning! sabahfan — (kwo) breakfast ---- sabra — (kwo) patience nosabra — (kwo) impatience sabra-ney (sabre) — (kwel) patient sabra-nem (sabrem) — (komo) patiently nosabre — (kwel) impatient nosabrefai yao zwo koysa — to be impatient to do smth ---- sabun — (kwo) soap sabundan — (kwo) soap dish ---- sada — (kwo) embankment, bank ---- safara — (kwo) journey, trip, voyage Hao safara! — Have a good trip! safara-gola — (kwo) destination (place set for the end of a journey) gunsafara — (kwo) business trip safari — (zwo) travel, journey, voyage safari-sha — (kwo) traveller safarnik — (kwo) confirmed traveller ---- safran — (kwo) saffron ---- sagarme — (kwel) zealous, fervent, enthusiastic sagarma — (kwo) enthusiast sagarmitaa — (kwo) enthusiasm, zeal, fervour ---- sahe — (kwel) sober sahitaa — (kwo) sobriety, soberness sahnik — (kwo) teetotaller, abstainer ---- sahil — (kwo) coast, shore, bank sahil de riva — bank of the river sahil-gata — seafront ---- sahra — (kwo) desert (barren area) sahralik — (kwel) desolate, desert, deserted (uninhabited) ---- saif — (kwo) summer garme saif — hot summer ---- sais — (kwo) size ---- sait — (kwo) site, website ---- saje — (kwel) wise, sage sajitaa — (kwo) wisdom saja — (kwo) sage nosaje — (kwel) unwise, ill-advised ---- sak — (kwo) sack somnisak — sleeping bag ---- sakrum — (kwo) sacrum ---- sakte — (kwel) severe (stern, harsh; very bad or intense) saktitaa — (kwo) severity, sternness; austerity Syn.: strikte ---- sal — (gramatika) «to be about to» (immediate future) Ela sal plaki. — She was about to cry. ---- sala — (kwo) hall (large room, meeting room) ---- salam — 1) (kwo) peace salam inter jenmin — peace between the peoples al yao salam, tayari ba gwer — if you want peace, get ready for a war salam-ney — (kwel) peaceful, pacific; peace loving 2) (exklami) a greeting Salam, kare amigas! — Hello, dear friends! ---- salata — (kwo) 1) salad 2) lettuce (also “gardensalata”) ---- salim — (kwel) safe, sound, intact, unharmed, unhurt salimtaa — (kwo) soundness, intactness ---- saliva — (kwo) saliva saliva(-ney) — (kwel) salivary salivi — (zwo) salivate saliving — (kwo) salivation ---- salpa — (kwo) volley, salvo fai salpa — fire a volley ---- salti — (zwo) jump, leap, spring bay salti, al salti — skippingly, hoppingly salta — (kwo) jump, leap en-stan pa salta — spring to one's feet salting — (kwo) jumping; hopping, skipping saltikorda — (kwo) skipping rope, jump rope risalti — (zwo) bounce, rebound, recoil saltijuk — (kwo) grasshopper ---- saluti — (zwo) greet, salute saluta — (kwo) greeting, salute, salutation ---- salvi — (zwo) save (help to survive; write a file to disk — cf. “spari”), rescue salvi swa — save oneself salva — (kwo) salvation, rescue salver — (kwo) savior ---- sam — (gramatika) sam… kom — as... as Ta lopi sam kway kom yu. — He runs as quickly as you. sam kom — same as Sam kom yu, me pri aiskrem. — Same as you, I like ice-cream. ---- samaji — (zwo) understand, comprehend, realize hao-samaji-ke — easy to understand, understandable samajibile — (kwel) understandable, comprehensible busamajibile — (kwel) inconceivable, incomprehensible, inscrutable samaja — (kwo) understanding, realization sinsamaja-ney (sinsamaje) — (kwel) unconscious samajishil — (kwel) quick-witted, bright, quick in the uptake missamaji — (zwo) misunderstand missamaja — (kwo) misunderstanding ---- saman — (kwo) adobe (unburnt brick dried in the sun) saman-dom, samanka — (kwo) adobe (house made of adobe brick) ---- same — (inplas-kwel) the same, that very Nu shwo same lingwa. — We speak the same language. pa same taim — at the same time samem — (inplas-komo) in the same way Li oli akti samem. — They all act in the same way. sama (inplas-kwo) the same Hao nocha! — Sama a yu! — Good night! — The same to you! Es sama. – It’s all the same. sam- — (syao) of the same... samkolor-ney — (kwel) of the same colour samtaim-ney — (kwel) contemporary (coexistent in time); simultaneous samtaimjen — (kwo) contemporary samdumnik — (kwo) like-minded person ---- samride — (kwel) prosperous, thriving, flourishing samriditaa — (kwo) prosperity, well-being ---- sandala — (kwo) sandal (open shoe — cf. “santal”) ---- sandwich — (kwo) sandwich; bread and butter ---- sane — (kwel) healthy; wholesome sanitaa — (kwo) health nosane — (kwel) unhealthy sanisi — (zwo) make healthier; sanitate sanlok — (kwo) health resort ---- santal — (kwo) sandalwood ---- sante — (kwel) holy; sacred santisi — (zwo) sanctify santisa — (kwo) sanctification santejen, santa — (kwo) saint nosantisi — (zwo) desecrate, defile ---- santush — (kwel) content, contented, gratified, pleased santushtaa — (kwo) contentment, contentedness ---- sanyam — (kwel) (self-)restrained, temperate, abstinent sanyamtaa — (kwo) restraint, reticence, temperance ---- sapa — (kwo) toad ---- saplai — (zwo) supply, furnish, provide saplaisa — (kwo) supply, provision, procurement saplaiwat — (kwo) supplies ---- sarsaparila — (kwo) sarsaparilla ---- sarwe — (kwel) general (of the majority of those involved; prevalent), universal (common to all) sarwe elekta — general election sarwe voti-raita — universal suffrage sarwe nosantushtaa — general discontent ---- satan — (kwo) Satan, Devil (the chief antagonist of God) See also: bes, diabla ---- sate — (kwel) satiate, full, filled to satisfaction Me he chi un lenge pay e me sta sate. — I have eaten a cold pie and I am full. chi til sta sate — eat one's fill fa-sate (satifi) — (zwo) satiate oneself mah-sate (satisi) — (zwo) satiate, sate busatibile — (kwel) insatiable satitaa — (kwo) satiety ---- satelita — (kwo) satellite ---- satisfakti — (zwo) satisfy fulem satisfakti nida de jenley — fully satisfy the needs of mankind satisfakti-she — (kwel) satisfactory satisfakta — (kwo) satisfaction ---- saturi — (zwo) saturate satura — (kwo) saturation saturi-ney — (kwel) saturated ---- Saturna — (kwo) Saturn ---- saum — (kwo) garlic ---- sauna — (kwo) sauna ---- saus — (kwo) sauce (liquid condiment) ---- savaje — (kwel) wild, savage savaja — (kwo) savage ---- savana — (kwo) savanna ---- savera — (kwo) early morning, daybreak Me en-stan pa savera. — I get up early in the morning. Syn.: suryachu, rane sabah ---- saxofon — (kwo) saxophone ---- se — (inplas-kwo) this, these (cf. “to”) Kwo es se? Se es dom. — What is this? This is a house. Se es dom, e to es auto. — This is a house, and that is a car. sey — (inplas-kwel) this, these Sey gaseta es pyu interes-ney kem toy-la. — This newspaper is more interesting than that one. ---- sedey — (taim-komo) today ---- sedla — (kwo) saddle ---- sega — (kwo) saw (tool) segi — (zwo) saw ---- segun — (konekti) according to, in accordance with segun luy worda — according to his words pikter segun vokasion — painter by vocation segun to ke me vidi — according to what I see/ judging from what I see segun me — in my opinion segun ke — as, in proportion as segun ke presa fa-syao, volum fa-gran — as pressure diminishes, the volume grows ---- sekla — (kwo) century ---- sekondare — (kwel) secondary (not primary, minor, accessory) ---- sekret — (kwo) secret (hidden knowledge) sekret-ney — (kwel) secret sekret-nem — (komo) secretly sekretnesa — (kwo) secrecy ---- sekreta — (kwo) secretion (secreted substance) sekreti — (zwo) secrete sekreting — (kwo) secretion (process of secreting) ---- sekretar — (kwo) secretary ---- seksion — (kwo) section (part, division) ---- sekta — (kwo) sect sektayuan — (kwo) sectarian, member of a sect ---- sektor — (kwo) sector ---- sekunda — (kwo) second (unit of time) ---- sekwi — (zwo) follow pa sekwi-dey — on the next day (pa) sekwi-ves — next time sekwi bay okos — follow with one's eyes sekwi exampla de koywan — follow smb.'s example sekwa — (kwo) consecution, succession, sequence; consequence sekwa-ney — (kwel) consecutive, successive sekwi-she — (kwel) following, next Treba merki lo sekwi-she. — One should note the following. sekwitura — (kwo) consequence, sequel; after-effects ---- sekwita — (kwo) suite, retinue ---- sela — (kwo) cell (all senses) sela-ney — (kwel) cellular ovosela — (kwo) ovum, ovocyte ---- selekti — (zwo) select, choose, pick out selekta — (kwo) choice, selection selektura — (kwo) what is chosen/selected ---- selfa — (komo) 1) oneself, one's own self Ta lubi sol swa selfa. — He loves only himself. Me selfa zwo-te se. — I did it myself. E walaa Jon selfa. — And here is John in person. 2) itself, taken on its own sistema selfa es hao — the system itself is good Yur mata es karimtaa selfa. — Your mother is kindness itself. pa selfa — on its own, by itself (himself etc.) 3) (syao) self- (unassisted, happening on its own; automatic) selfa-lumi-she — self-luminous selfa-zwo-ney — self-made ---- selri — (kwo) celery ---- sem — (kwanto) seven (7) shi-sem — seventeen semshi — seventy semsto — seven hundred ---- semafor — (kwo) traffic light (signalling device) ---- sembli — (zwo) seem, appear sembli ke olo go hao — it seems that everything goes well luna sembli muvi — the moon seems to be moving sembla — (kwo) semblance, appearance sembli-she — (kwel) seeming sembli-shem (semblem) — (komo) seemingly, apparently ---- semdi — (kwo) Sunday ---- semena — (kwo) seed; semen semeni — (zwo) sow; inseminate semening — (kwo) sowing; insemination semeni-sha — (kwo) sire, stud, bull semener — (kwo) seeding-machine ---- sempre — (taim-komo) always fo sempre — forever sempre-ney — (kwel) regular, usual, customary ---- sena — (kwo) senna ---- sendi — (zwo) send sendijen — (kwo) messenger, envoy sendiwat — (kwo) smth sent mani-senda — (kwo) remittance missendi — (zwo) dispatch/send to the wrong address ---- sens — (kwo) sense (faculty) pet sens — five senses ilusion de sens — illusion of the senses sit-ney sens — the sixth sense sens-ney — (kwel) sensual (of or pertaining to senses), sensory sens-ney munda — the sensual world sens-ney anubav — sensual experience sensi — (zwo) sense (use senses) sensa — (kwo) sensation (perception through senses) sensa de tunga — sensation of pain ---- sensasion — (kwo) sensation (a state of intense public interest and excitement) ---- sensu — (kwo) sense (meaning — cf. «sens») in chaure (tange) sensu — in a wide (narrow) sense se bu hev sensu — this doesn’t have sense in sertene sensu — in a certain sense sinsensu-ney — (kwel) senseless ---- sentensia — (kwo) sentence (maxim, dictum, saying — cf. “frasa”) ---- senti — (zwo) feel (a sensation — cf. “tachi”, “palpi”) senti swa buhao — feel unwell senta — (kwo) feeling, sensation; emotion; sense (natural appreciation or ability — cf. "sens") elay senta versu lu — her feelings towards him senta de lo jamile — sense of beauty yuma senta — sense of humour sentishil — (kwel) sensitive (impressionable, susceptible) pre-senti — (zwo) have a presentiment pre-senta — (zwo) presentiment, anticipation ---- sentra — (kwo) centre sentrale — (kwel) central sentralisi — (zwo) centralize sentralisa — (kwo) centralization ---- sentrifuga — (kwo) centrifuge sentrifugi — (zwo) centrifuge ---- sentu — (kwo) cent tri euro petshi sentu — three euros fifty cents ---- senu — (kwo) hay senupila — (kwo) haystack, hayrick ---- separi — (zwo) separate separi fon koywan — part with smb, sepatare from smb separi-ney — (kwel) separate separa — (kwo) separation ---- septemba — (kwo) September (also mes-nin) pa septemba — in September ---- sereal — (kwo) cereal ---- seremonia — (kwo) ceremony ---- seria — (kwo) series ---- seriose — (kwel) serious seriositaa — (kwo) seriousness Syn.: gambir ---- serpenta — (kwo) serpent, snake ---- serpi — (zwo) meander, twist, wind; (fig.) shift (get along by tricky or evasive means) serpa — (kwo) winding, meander, bend, twist ---- serte — (kwel) certain (knowing or known for sure); indisputable me es serte ke ta lugi — I am sure that he is lying sertem — (komo) certainly, of course mah-serte — (zwo) assure (remove doubt) fa-serte — (zwo) become assured mah swa serte — (zwo) make sure (of); make certain (that) Sempre mah swa serte ke oli dwar es klefi-ney. — Always make certain that all doors are locked. sertitaa — (kwo) certainty ---- sertene — (kwel) certain (fixed, settled; of a specific but unspecified character/degree/quantity) al sertene kondision — under a certain condition in sertene sensu — in a certain sense ---- serva — (kwo) service (occupation, function, work) servi — (zwo) serve servi-sha — (kwo) servant servi-gela — (kwo) maidservant, servant girl serving — (kwo) act of service server — (kwo) comp. server ---- serveta — (kwo) serviette, napkin ---- serviri — (zwo) serve (bring food) ---- servis — (kwo) service (set of dishes or utensils) ---- sesam — (kwo) sesame ---- sesion — (kwo) session ---- seson — (kwo) season ---- seta — (kwo) set (kit, collection) Syn.: kompleta ---- sex — (kwo) sex (sexual intercourse) fai sex — have sex ---- sexu — (kwo) sex (male or female), gender sexuale — (kwel) sexual ---- sfera — (kwo) sphere haf-sfera — (kwo) hemisphere ---- shablon — (kwo) template ---- shada — (kwo) shadow, shade shadaful — (kwel) shady, umbrageous shadi, fai shada — (zwo) shade, overshadow, cast a shade ---- shafi — (zwo) stand up (for), take smb.'s side, intercede (for) shafer — (kwo) intercessor, defender; protector ---- shah — (kwo) check (in chess) shah e mat! — checkmate! ---- shahmat — (kwo) chess shahmat-geim — a chess game ---- shahta — (kwo) shaft (opening) ---- shai — (zwo) 1) to be hot, burn (about the sun) surya shai — the sun is hot sub surya-shaisa — right in the sun, in the full blaze of the sun 2) to sun (expose to the sun's rays, as for warming, drying, or tanning); sunbathe me shai on playa — I sunbathe on the beach shaitume — (kwel) sunburnt, sunburned, suntanned, brown, bronzed shaitumitaa — (kwo) sunburn, tan ---- shaih — (kwo) sheikh ---- shakal — (kwo) jackal ---- shakwi — (zwo) complain shakwa — (kwo) complaint ---- shal — (kwo) shawl ---- shalash — (kwo) shelter of branches ---- shali — (zwo) play pranks/tricks, be naughty ---- shalwar — (kwo) shalwar, loose trousers ---- shamba — (kwo) room, chamber ---- shambelan — (kwo) chamberlain ---- shami — (zwo) be ahsamed mah-shami — (zwo) shame, put to shame shama — (kwo) shame shamival — (kwel) shameful, disgraceful shamishil — (kwel) bashful, shy, easily abashed ---- shampanya — (kwo) champagne ---- shampu — (kwo) shampoo ---- shanji — (zwo) change (make or become smth different) feng shanji-te direksion — the wind has changed direction shanja — (kwo) change mani shanja — money exchange shanjishil — (kwel) changeable, inconstant ---- shansa — (kwo) chance (probability; opportunity, possibility) ---- shao — (inplas-kwanto) little (in quantity), few Ta hev shao amiga. — He has few friends. shao-po-shao — little by little pyu shao — less, smaller amount zuy shao — least, the smallest amount of shao-ney — (kwel) little in quantity, scanty shaotaa — (kwo) scarcity; shortage ---- shapa — (kwo) cap (head covering — cf. "kapushon"), hat ---- sharja — (kwo) charge (electric; of a gun etc.) sharji — (zwo) charge (electrically; to load equipment with material required for its use, as a firearm with powder) Sharji ba yur banduk! — Charge your weapons! sharjing — (kwo) charging, loading ---- sharka — (kwo) shark ---- sharnir — (kwo) hinge, joint ---- shatami — (zwo) curse, cuss, swear shatama — (kwo) curse, swearword shatam — (exklami) swearword ---- shauza — (kwo) ladle ---- shayad — (komo) perhaps, probably ---- she1 — (gramatika) active participle marker lubi-she man — a loving man ---- she2 — (konekti) 1) at, in (refers to smb's abode, country) me es she me — I am at mine me zai lai fon she ela — I am coming from hers sta ba kom she yu! — feel yourself at home! she dushman — among enemies, in enemy's country 2) in the work / writings of (refers to author) she Homer — in Homer (Homer's writing) 3) in, with (refers to person or animal) es abyas she lu — it is a habit with him instinkta she animal — instinct in animals ---- shefe — (kwel) main, chief shefa — (kwo) chief, boss shefem — (komo) mainly, chiefly shefurba — (kwo) capital (city) shefkomander — (kwo) commander in chief ---- sheiki — (zwo) shake sheika — (kwo) shake, jolt sheiking — (kwo) shaking, jolting ---- shel — (kwo) shell (hard covering) ovoshel — eggshell tortuga shel — tortoise shell ---- sheri — (kwo) sherry ---- shi — (kwanto) ten (10) shi-ney — tenth shifen un shifen — one tenth (=nol koma un) shi-un — eleven shi-dwa — twelve shi-dwaka — (kwo) dozen shika — (kwo) a group of ten ---- shidla — (kwo) awl ---- shifra — (kwo) cipher, cypher, code ---- shifti — (zwo) shift, alter, dislocate, displace shifta — (kwo) shift, dislocation, displacement See also: smena ---- shik — (kwo) chic shik-ney — (kwel) chic ---- shikar — (kwo) game, bag, prey shikari — (zwo) hunt shikara, shikaring — (kwo) hunt, hunting shikaridoga — (kwo) hunting dog shikari-sha — (kwo) hunter shikarnik — (kwo) (inveterate) hunter ---- shil — (syao) «having inclination or tendency to» gun to work — gunshil industrious kusi to bite — kusishil tending to bite fobi to fear — fobishil timorous ---- shilda — (kwo) shield ---- shiling — (kwo) shilling ---- shin — (kwo) shin (front part of the leg below the knee and above the ankle) ---- ship — (kwo) ship ---- shirma — (kwo) screen (divider, protector — cf. "ekran") lampa-shirma — (kwo) lamp shade, abat-jour ---- shlang — (kwo) hose (flexible tube) ---- shma — (syao) «disparagement» shma-kaval — nag shma-dom — shack shma-gunsa — botch, bungle shma-skribi — scribble, scrawl ---- shmah — (kwo) disgrace, infamy shmah e shama! — a sin and a shame, for shame! shmahisi — (zwo) disgrace, discredit Syn.: nohonor ---- shofer — (kwo) (motor-car) driver, chauffeur ---- shok — (kwo) shock (smth surprising; electric shock; medical emergency) shoki — (zwo) shock ---- shop — (kwo) store, shop Syn.: dukan ---- shorta — (kwo) shorts ---- shosee — (kwo) highway, high road ---- shsh! — (exklami) Hush! Sh! ---- shu — (kwo) shoe shuer — (kwo) shoemaker ---- shuan — (kwo) bar, bolt, hasp shuani — (zwo) bar, bolt deshuani, defai shuan — (zwo) unbar, unbolt ---- shuin — (kwo) mercury ---- shuki — (zwo) search, seek, look for shuka, shuking — (kwo) search shuki-sha — (kwo) seeker, searcher (person) shuker — (kwo) finder (device) beshuki — (zwo) search, ransack beshuki krimenjen — search the criminal shukidoga — (kwo) sleuth-hound ---- shukran — (kwo) thanks, thank you shukran a boh — thanks god Syn.: danke ---- shulan — (kwo) sloth (animal) ---- shulin — (kwo) forest, woods shulin-ki — (kwo) grove, copse ---- shum — (kwo) noise shum-ney — (kwel) noisy shumi — (zwo) make a noise; be noisy sinshum-ney — (kwel) noiseless sinshum-nem — (kwel) noiselessly ---- shumay — (kwo) panic grass ---- shuti — (zwo) shoot, fire shuti bay banduk (kanon) — fire a rifle (cannon) shuti a koysa — shoot at smth ek-shuti — (zwo) fire a shot shuti-kili — (zwo) shoot, kill by shooting shuta — (kwo) shot shuting — (kwo) shooting, firing shuter — (kwo) shooter shutiguan — (kwo) shooting gallery shuti-maidan — (kwo) firing range ---- shwabra — (kwo) mop, swab ---- shwai — (zwo) throw (esp. with great force or abruptly), hurl, fling rasshwai — (zwo) scatter, throw about ---- shwo — (zwo) say, speak si mog shwo tak — so to speak otrem shwo-yen — to put it differently shwoing — (kwo) speaking; grammar mood shwosa — (kwo) speech (see also “bashan”) shwo-ke — (kwel) speech, related to speaking shwotura — (kwo) saying; proverb shwoer — (kwo) speaker lautshwoka, shwoka — (kwo) loudspeaker shwonik — (kwo) talker ---- shwofu — (kwo) persuade, admonish ---- si — 1) (konekti) if Si pluvi dan me resti pa dom. — If it rains then I rest at home. Kwo si ta bu lai? — What if he doesn’t come? 2) (gramatika) a likening particle (“sort of, similar to, something like, a kind of, as if, seemingly”) Ta bildi un dom-si aus brancha. — He built a kind of house using branches. Kwo lopi tra shamba? - Un maus-si. — What is running across the room? - A mouse or something. rude-si — reddish shi-si — about ten ---- sidi — (zwo) sit en-sidi — (zwo) sit down sidika — (kwo) seat (object for sitting or connected with sitting) ---- sidra — (kwo) cider ---- siferblat — (kwo) dial (a graduated, circular scale over which a needle moves to show a measurement); (clock) face ---- sifra — (kwo) cipher (a numeric character), digit, figure arabi sifra — Arabic numerals sifra(-ney) — (kwel) digital (numerical) ---- sifta — (kwo) sieve (device) sifti — (zwo) sieve, sift sifting — (kwo) sieve, sift, screening ---- sigara — (kwo) cigar ---- sigareta — (kwo) cigarette sigaretadan — (zwo) cigarette-case ---- sigla — (kwo) seal (signet, its impression, etc. — cf. “fok”) sigli — (zwo) seal ---- signa — (kwo) sign; token pa signa de koysa — as a token/sign of smth signi — (zwo) do/give a sign (cf. “signati”) signika — (kwo) insignia; badge, pin ---- signal — (kwo) signal signali — (zwo) signal, give a signal ---- signati — (zwo) sign (write one’s signature) signati-ney e sigli-ney — signed and sealed signatura — (kwo) signature ---- signifi — (zwo) signify, mean, stand for signifa — (kwo) meaning signifaful — (kwel) significant (carrying meaning; having a covert or hidden meaning) Syn.: maini ---- sigure — (kwel) confident or connected with confidence, sure, secure and certain, safe, reliable, dependable sigure om swa selfa, swa-sigure — sure of oneself, self-confident sigure om sukses — confident of success sigure plasa — safe place sigure vos — confident / steady voice sigure metoda — sure method sigure handa — sure hand fo sta sigure — just in case sigurem — (komo) confidently, with confidence siguritaa — (kwo) confidence, assurance; reliability swa-siguritaa — self-reliance sigurisi — (zwo) ensure, assure, secure; insure sigurisi swa — secure oneself, insure oneself sigurisa — (kwo) guaranteeing, securing, ensuring; insurance ---- sikada — (kwo) cicada ---- sikin — (kwo) knife sikin do kalam — (kwo) penknife ---- sikla — (kwo) cycle ---- sikom — (unisi) since, because, as, considering that (at the beginning of a clause) Me bu yao-te shwo to a yu, bat sikom yu selfa begin sey kunshwosa, yu mus jan, ke yu hi es nofelise. — I didn’t want to tell it to you, but since you yourself began this conversation, you must know that it’s you who is unhappy. ---- silaba — (kwo) syllable ---- silda — (kwo) herring ---- silensi — (zwo) be/keep silent; keep silence silensa — (kwo) silence silensa-ney (silense) — (kwel) silent silensishil — (kwel) taciturn, silent, reserved ---- silinda — (kwo) cylinder ---- silka — (kwo) silk ---- silya — (kwo) eyelash; (biol.) cilium, cilia elay longe silya bin pinti-ney — her long eyelashes were painted ---- sima — (kwo) top, apex, summit ---- simbol — (kwo) symbol simbolike — (kwel) symbolic simboli — (zwo) symbolize ---- simile — (kwel) similar, alike jen-simile — resembling a human being similitaa — (kwo) likeness, resemblance, similarity, similitude simili — (zwo) be similar; resemble lu simili suy mata — he resembles his mother similisi — (zwo) liken nosimile — (kwel) dissimilar, unlike ---- simple — (kwel) simple simplitaa — (kwo) simplicity simplisi — (zwo) simplify (tr.) simplisa — (kwo) simplification simplem (sim) — (komo) simply; just Me sim bu jan. — I just don't know. ---- simti — (zwo) shrink, shrivel, cower ---- simuli — (zwo) feign; simulate simula — (kwo) simulation simuli-sha — (kwo) simulator (person); malingerer simuler — (kwo) simulator (device) ---- sin — (konekti) without (syao) «-less» sinsensu-ney — (kwel) senseless singola-ney — (kwel) aimless ---- sina — (kwo) breast; bosom ---- sinap — (kwo) mustard ---- single — (kwel) single (consisting of one part/aspect; undivided; individual and distinct — cf. “sole”) single tota — a single whole single shamba — a single room single forma, singlika — (kwo) singular (gram.) singla — (kwo) single ---- sinian — (zwo) miss (to feel the absence of someone or something, sometimes with regret), yearn, pine Me sinian om yu. — I miss you. Ta sinian om dom. — He is homesick. ---- sinior — (kwo) sir, gentleman (a polite form of addressing or naming a male) See also: madam ---- sinjen-ney — (kwo) empty of people, lonely, desolate ---- sinki — (zwo) sink (submerge; subside; go down slowly) sinki fas in kushen — bury one's face in the pillow sinka — (kwo) sinking, submersion, submergence ---- sinnamba-ney — (kwel) innumerable (Origin: sin+namba+ney) ---- sinonim — (kwo) synonym ---- sinsere — (kwel) sincere (not feigned, genuine) sinseritaa — (kwo) sincerity nosinsere — (kwel) insincere, hypocritical ---- sintes — (kwo) synthesis ---- sinua — (kwo) convolution, sinuosity brein-sinua — brain convolution(s) ---- sinus — (kwo) sine (math.) ---- sipi — (zwo) pour (about granular solid) ---- siringa — (kwo) syringe ---- sirke — (komo) approximately, about, around dar he ye sirke dwashi jen — there were about 20 people sirke mil dolar — around 1000 dollars ---- sirkuita — (kwo) (electric) circuit kurte sirkuita — short circuit ---- sirkula — (kwo) circle (also group of persons) sirkula-ney (sirkule) — (kwel) circular sirkulalinia — (kwo) circumference ---- sirkuli — (zwo) circulate sirkuling — (kwo) circulation (also “sirkulasion”) ---- sirkum — (konekti-komo) around sirkum dom — around the house kan sirkum — to look around sirkumi — (zwo) encircle, surround sirkuma — (kwo) encirclement sirkumlok, lo sirkum — (kwo) surroundings ---- sirkus — (kwo) circus ---- sirop — (kwo) syrup ---- sisma — (kwo) earthquake (also “ardatrema”) ---- sista — (kwo) sister ---- sistason — (kwo) nephew (sister's son) (Origin: sista+son) ---- sistema — (kwo) system ---- sit — (kwanto) six (6) sitshi — sixty sitsto — six hundred ---- sitata — (kwo) quotation, citation sitati — (zwo) cite, quote ---- sitdi — (kwo) Saturday ---- siti — (kwo) city (most ancient part of a town; the financial and commercial center; municipality — cf. “urba”) ---- sitisen — (kwo) citizen (person that is a legally recognized as a member of a state) Syn.: statayuan ---- situasion — (kwo) situation situasion-ney — (kwel) situational ---- sivile — (kwel) civil (pertaining to a citizen and his rights; not military or ecclesiastical), civic, civilian sivila — (kwo) civilian ---- sivilisi — (zwo) civilize sivilisa — (kwo) civilization ---- skala — (kwo) scale (a system of ordered marks at fixed intervals; calibrated line; the ratio of depicted distance to actual distance; size, scope; — cf. "kaskasa", "pondidan") ---- skalpel — (kwo) scalpel ---- skandal — (kwo) scandal skandal-ney — (kwel) scandalous ---- skandi — (zwo) chant (shout rhythmically); scan (verse) ---- skara — (kwo) scar, cicatrice skari — (zwo) scar; cicatrize ---- skarfa — (kwo) scarf (a long garment worn around the neck) ---- skay — (kwo) sky (cf. "swarga") ---- skelet — (kwo) skeleton (anat.) ---- skema — (kwo) scheme (outline of system, not project) skema-ney — (kwel) schematic skema-nem — (komo) schematically ---- skena — (kwo) scene; stage (theater) ---- sketa — (kwo) skates, skate sketi — (zwo) skate sketing — (kwo) skating ---- ski — (kwo) ski fai ski — (zwo) ski skiing — (kwo) skiing skier — (kwo) skier ---- skoba — (kwo) cramp, staple; bracket, parentheses kwadra-skoba — (kwo) square brackets ("[]") angula-skoba — (kwo) angle brackets ("<>") ---- skola — (kwo) school skolakitaba — (kwo) schoolbook ---- skorpion — (kwo) scorpion ---- skotish — (kwel, kwo) Scottish; Scotsman ---- Skotland — (kwo) Scotland ---- skrapi — (zwo) scratch, scrape skrapi swa — scratch oneself skrapitura — (kwo) scratch (result of scratching) skraping — (kwo) scratching See also: raspi ---- skribi — (zwo) write skriba, skribing — (kwo) writing skribitura — (kwo) inscription; writing (smth written) skribitip — (kwo) handwriting skriber — (kwo) writer ---- skriki — (zwo) creak ---- skrupulose — (kwel) scrupulous, meticulous ---- skulpti — (zwo) sculpt, sculpture, chisel, carve skulptura — (kwo) sculpture (result of sculpting) ---- skuma — (kwo) foam, spume; scum; froth; lather skuma-onda, skumika — (kwo) breaker (wave) skumi — (zwo) foam; froth ---- skupa — (kwo) scoop, dipper ---- skusi — (zwo) excuse (forgive; make allowance for; serve as justification for) skusa — (kwo) excuse pregi skusa — apologize Syn.: pardoni See also: bahani ---- skwili — (zwo) squeal, screech, scream, shrill ---- slama — (kwo) straw ---- slapi — (zwo) slap, flap, flop, plump slapi-lwo — fall with a plop, plop down slap! — (exklami) flop! plop! ---- slika — (kwo) snail ---- slim — (kwel) slender, slim ---- slipa — (kwo) slipper slipas — slippers ---- sliva — (kwo) plum slivabaum — (kwo) plum tree ---- sloy — (kwo) layer, stratum sloy-ney — (kwel) stratified, laminar, flaky sloy-ney panpasta — puff pastry sloy-nem — (komo) in layers fa-sloy — (zwo) stratify mah-sloy — (zwo) layer ---- slu — (zwo) listen, strain one's ears to hear; auscultate; eavesdrop sluka — (kwo) eavesdropping device ---- smaili — (zwo) smile smaila — (kwo) smile ---- smaragda — (kwo) emerald smaragda-ney — (kwel) emerald ---- smena — (kwo) shift (group of workers or working period) ---- smiri — (kwo) smear, anoint, daub, spread (a substance by rubbing) ---- smola — (kwo) resin (plant secretion) smola-ney — (kwel) resinous ---- smuk — (kwo) grass snake akwa-smuk — (kwo) water snake ---- smuli — (zwo) smoulder (burn slowly without flame) smuli-she gual — smouldering coals ---- snega — (kwo) snow snegi — (zwo) snow sneging — (kwo) snowing snegalwosa — (kwo) snowfall snega-feng — (kwo) snowstorm sneginka — (kwo) snowflake ---- snifi — (zwo) smell at, snuff, sniff at ---- snova — (komo) again, anew ---- snufi — (zwo) snuffle, breathe heavily and noisily through the nose ---- soba — (kwo) buckwheat soba-kasha — (kwo) buckwheat porridge ---- sobre — (konekti-komo) above, over sobre urba — over the town es sobre — it is above vidi fon sobre — to see from above mil metra sobre marnivel — one thousand meters above sea level sobreolo — (komo) especially sobre-ney — (kwel) superjacent; superior sobrenesa — (kwel) superiority sobreyuan — (kwo) superior (a person of higher rank) sobreshefa — (kwo) supreme chief ---- sobredurti — (zwo) outwit, overreach, circumvent (Origin: sobre+durti) ---- sobrelodi — (zwo) overload, overburden sobreloda — (kwo) overload (Origin: sobre+lodi) ---- sobrepasi — (zwo) outrun, outstrip, outdistance, overtake ateni e sobrepasi — catch up and overtake ---- sobreplei — (zwo) outplay ---- soda — (kwo) soda ---- sok — (kwo) sock (covering for the foot) un para sok — a pair of socks ---- sol — (komo) only sol manya — only tomorrow bu sol... bat yoshi... — not only... but also... ---- soldata — (kwo) soldier ---- soldi — (zwo) solder (unite or repair parts with solder) soldika — (kwo) solder (fusible alloy) ---- sole — (kwel) sole, only; alone, solitary, lonely pa sole — alone, on one's own solitaa — (kwo) solitude, loneliness solem — (komo) alone; solely ---- solemne — (kwel) solemn ---- solidare — (kwel) solidary solidaritaa — (kwo) solidarity ---- solide — (kwel) solid (reliable, upstanding and dependable; substantial — cf. “twerde”) Syn.: gaurawe ---- solo — (kwo) solo fai solo — (zwo) solo ---- solstis — (kwo) solstice ---- solta — (kwo) salt solti — (zwo) salt solta-ney (solte) — (kwel) saline nosolte akwa — sweet water solti-ney (solten) — (kwel) salted soltish — (kwel) saltish soltadan — (kwo) saltcellar; salt shaker ---- solvi — (zwo) dissolve, melt (cf. “resolvi”) solvi solta in akwa — dissolve salt in water solving — (kwo) dissolving, dissolution solvitura — (kwo) solution (liquid mixture) solver — (kwo) dissolvent, solvent ---- somni — (zwo) sleep treba go somni — one should go sleep somna — (kwo) sleep somnaful — (kwel) sleepy somnisi — (zwo) put to sleep somniser — (kwo) soporific, sleeping draught ---- son — (kwo) son ---- sonda — (kwo) sonde, probe, sounder sondi — (zwo) probe, sonder, sound ---- soneta — (kwo) sonnet ---- sonji — (zwo) dream (to see imaginary events in one’s mind while sleeping — cf. “drimi”) Pa sey nocha me he sonji un yarke sonja.— I dreamed a vivid dream this night. sonja — (kwo) dream (imaginary events while sleeping) dussonja — (kwo) nightmare ---- sonore — (kwel) sonorous, ringing, resonant ---- soroka — (kwo) magpie ---- sorpi — (zwo) sup, sip ---- sorta — (kwo) sort, kind ol-sorta-ney — all kinds of, sundry ---- sosiale — (kwel) social (relating to society) ---- sosietaa — (kwo) society ---- sosis — (kwo) sausage sosiskin — (kwo) frankfurter, small sausage ---- sospiri — (zwo) sigh sospira — (kwo) sigh ---- sovi — (zwo) shove, poke ---- sovrin — (kwo) sovereign (coin) ---- soya — (kwo) soya soya saus — (kwo) soy sauce soya bona — (kwo) soya bean(s) ---- spaida — (kwo) spider spaidaweba — (kwo) cobweb, spiderweb ---- spam — (kwo) spam spami — (zwo) spam ---- spari — (zwo) spare (be frugal), save, economize nospari — (zwo) squander, dissipate sparishil — (kwel) frugal, thrifty, economical spara, sparing — (kwo) economy (frugal use), saving sparitura — (kwo) savings nospara-ney (nospare) — (kwel) unthrifty, improvident ---- spas — (kwo) space (also whitespace) spas-ney — (kwel) spacial spas-taim-ney — (kwel) spatiotemporal, space-time ---- spelta — (kwo) spelt (a kind of wheat) ---- spendi — (zwo) spend, expend spenda — (kwo) expenditure, expense pa swa-ney spenda — at one's own expense ---- spesia — (kwo) species (biol.) ---- spesiale — (kwel) special spesialem — (komo) specially spesialitaa — (kwo) speciality spesialista — (kwo) specialist ---- spesifi — (zwo) specify, designate particularly spesifa — (kwo) specification spesifike — (kwel) specific spesifikitaa — (kwo) specificity ---- spika — (kwo) thorn, spine, prickle spikatel — (kwo) barbed wire spikabush — (kwo) thorn bush ---- spila — (kwo) pin spili — (zwo) pin ---- spin — (zwo) spin (make thread) spintura — (kwo) yarn spintul — (kwo) spinning wheel ---- spina — (kwo) spine, backbone ---- spinata — (kwo) spinach ---- spion — (kwo) spy spioni — (zwo) spy ---- spiral — (kwo) spiral ---- spiri — (zwo) breathe spiri gro — pant spiri mushkilem — gasp ausspiri — (zwo) exhale, breathe out inuspiri — (zwo) inhale , breathe in spira — (kwo) breath rifai spira — catch one's breath spira-falta — (kwo) shortness of breath, short wind ---- spiritu — (kwo) spirit (non-material essence) spirituale — (kwel) spiritual spiritualitaa — (kwo) spirituality ---- splin — (kwo) spleen (melancholy, depression — cf. “limpa”) Syn.: melankolia ---- splinta — (kwo) splinter ---- sponja — (kwo) sponge sponja-biskwit — sponge cake sponji — (zwo) sponge ---- spontane — (kwel) spontaneous ---- sporta — (kwo) sport (physical activity, often competitive) zun sporta — go in for sport hima sportas — winter sports sporta-ney (sporte) — (kwel) sport, sports ---- spota — (kwo) blot, stain, spot spoti — (zwo) spot, stain, maculate spoti-ney (spoten) — (kwel) spotty, spotted suryaspota — (kwo) sunspot ---- sprata — (kwo) sprat ---- sprinki — (zwo) sprinkle, scatter in drops or particles ---- spuki — (zwo) spit (evacuate saliva) spuka — (kwo) spit, spittle ---- srok — (kwo) term (fixed space of time, time limit) ---- sta — (sta) be in a certain state; be doing, feel, stand (about the matters) Komo yu sta? — How are you? Komo may kitaba sta? — How is my book doing? Lu sta bu tro hao. — He feels not too good. stasa — (kwo) state (condition) hao-stasa-ney — in a good condition ---- staba — (kwo) staff, headquarters ---- stabile — (kwel) stable stabilitaa — (kwel) stability stabilisi — (zwo) stabilize, make stable stabilisa — (kwo) stabilization ---- stadia — (kwo) stage, phase ---- staka — (kwo) stake (piece of wood pointed at one end) staka-barana, stakatot — (kwo) palisade, paling ---- stakato — (kwo) staccato ---- stal — (kwo) steel buruji-stal — rustless steel, stainless steel ---- stampa — (kwo) stamp (device; official mark; impression) fingastampa — (kwo) fingerprints stampi — (zwo) stamp, imprint on the surface (cf. "tompi") ---- stan — (zwo) stand stankolar — stand-up collar en-stan — (zwo) stand up, rise, get up stansa — (kwo) standing; stand (position), stance; point (stance taken by a hunting dog) stanka — (kwo) stand (device to hold smth), strut, prop, stay stanshil — (kwel) stable (maintaining equilibrium) mah-stan — (zwo) erect, stand (to cause to stand, place upright) ---- standa — (kwo) stand (device for displaying information; section of an exhibition) ---- standarda — (kwo) standard standarda-ney (standarde) — (kwel) standard ---- stanga — (kwo) pole (a long slender piece of wood etc.), rod flagastanga — (kwo) flagstaff, flagpole ---- stanum — (kwo) tin (metal) ---- stara — (kwo) star stara-figura — constellation stara-ney — (kwel) stellar staraful — (kwel) starry, starlit starakin — (kwo) asterisk ---- starti — (zwo) start (begin; set into operation) starta — (kwo) start starter — (kwo) starter ---- stasion — (kwo) station ferdao-stasion — (kwo) railway station ---- stata — (kwo) state (polity; a political division of a federation) Unisi-ney Statas de Amerika (USA) — the United States of America stata-ney (state) — (kwel) state (attr.), national statagana — national anthem ---- statua — (kwo) statue ---- stavi — (zwo) set, station, set up, put up; mount, install stavi tenta — set up a tent stavi limita — set a limit stavi parus — set / make sail destavi — (zwo) demount, uninstall destavi parus — furl / take in sails ---- stay — (kwel, komo) steady, steadily; constant, regular, standing, permanent, persistent stay gwinsa — stable/regular income stay klienta — regular customer Syn.: stabile ---- stem — (kwo) stem, stalk (main axis of a plant) ---- step — (kwo) steppe ---- stepi — (zwo) step (move the foot in walking), pace, tread stepa — (kwo) step (also measure, action) fai stepa fo/kontra koysa — take steps for/against smth rasstepi — (zwo) give way, part, step aside ---- stif — (syao) "step" stif-mata — stepmother stif-patra — stepfather ---- stik — (kwo) stick (piece of wood; smth resembling a stick) gro-stik — (kwo) cudgel, bludgeon, club ---- stil — (kwo) style ---- stimula — (kwo) stimulus, incentive stimuli — (zwo) stimulate stimuling — (kwo) stimulation, encouragement ---- stiri — (zwo) stretch (lengthen by pulling or when pulled (“tiri” – pull)) stiri-ney (stiren) pulova — stretched sweater stiri swa — stretch oneself See also: extendi ---- sto — (kwanto) hundred (100) stofen sem stofen — seven hundredths stofen, stofenka — (kwo) hundredth part stoka — (kwo) a group of hundred ---- stolba — (kwo) post, pillar, column, pole fa-stolba — (zwo) be dumbfounded fa-stolba-ney — (kwel) dumbfounded, stupefied, stumped ---- stomak — (kwo) stomach (organ — cf. “duza”) al vakue stomak — on an empty stomach ---- ston — (kwo) stone ston(-ney) — (kwel) stone, stony stonifi — (zwo) turn to stone; petrify stonifa — (kwo) petrifaction ---- stopi — (zwo) stop; cease stopi shwo! — stop talking! sin stopi — without stopping, nonstop stopi in hotel — stop at the inn stopa — (kwo) stop (act of stopping), stopping; cessation, cease gunstopa — (kwo) strike (a work stoppage) stoper — (kwo) stopper stopika — (kwo) stop (halting place) stop — (exklami) stop ---- storma — (kwo) storm snegastorma — (kwo) snowstorm; blizzard ---- storna — (kwo) starling ---- stotri — (zwo) stammer, stutter stotra — (kwo) stammer(ing), stutter(ing) ---- strane — (kwel) strange, odd, queer stranem — (komo) strangely stranitaa — (kwo) strangeness ---- strategia — (kwo) strategy strategike — (kwel) strategic strategikem — (komo) strategically ---- stres — (kwo) stress (strain, tension — cf. “aksenta”) ---- strikte — (kwel) strict (exact; rigorous) striktenesa — (kwo) strictness ---- stripa — (kwo) stripe stripi — (zwo) stripe stripa-ney (stripe) — (kwel) striped, stripy ---- strom — (kwo) stream, torrent, flow stromi — (zwo) stream, run, pour, flow en-stromi — (zwo) gush, spout elektre strom, el-strom — (kwo) electric current ---- struktura — (kwo) structure struktura-ney (strukture) — (kwo) structural strukturisi — (zwo) structure (give arrangement to) strukturisa — (kwo) structurization ---- studenta — (kwo) student ---- studi — (zwo) study studa — (kwo) study ---- studio — (kwo) studio ---- stuka — (kwo) stucco stuki — (zwo) stucco, plaster ---- stula — (kwo) chair brachastula — (kwo) armchair ---- stumbli — (zwo) stumble (trip) ---- stupide — (kwel) stupid, silly, foolish, idiotic stupida — (kwo) fool stupiditaa — (kwo) stupidity, foolishness, silliness Syn.: pumbe ---- stupor — (kwo) stupor, torpor, numbness fai stupor — be in stupor; become numb, stiffen defai stupor — awake from stupor ---- sturma — (kwo) assault, storm, onslaught sturmi — (zwo) assault, storm ---- suan — (kwel) sour; acid suannesa — (kwo) sourness; acidity suantaa — (kwo) acid suanmilka — (kwo) sour milk fa-suan — (zwo) turn/go sour mah-suan — (zwo) sour, make sour suanish — (kwel) sourish ---- sub — (konekti-komo) under, below sub tabla — under the table fon sub tabla — from under the table fon sub — from below sub nuy kontrola — under our control sub-ney — (kwel) subjacent; subordinate, inferior (of lower rank) subyuan — (kwo) subordinate subjen — (kwo) subject (a person ruled over) ---- subi — (zwo) undergo ---- submarina — (kwo) submarine boat ---- subordini — (zwo) subordinate or be subordinate ---- substansa — (kwo) substance (matter, material — cf. "esensia") grey substansa — gray substance organike substansa — organic substance ---- substansia — (kwo) substance (philosophy) ---- substituta — (kwo) substitute substituti — (zwo) substitute substituting — (kwo) substitution ---- subtitla — (kwo) subtitles, captions ---- subtragi — (zwo) subtract Sem subtragi dwa es pet. — If you subtract 2 from 7, the answer is 5. subtraga — (kwo) subtraction ---- suburba — (kwo) suburb ---- subyekta — (kwo) subject (gram., log., philos.) Cf. "tema", "subjen" ---- suda — (kwo) south suda(-ney) — (kwel) south, southern sude feng — south wind suden — (konekti-komo) to the south, south of urba es suden — the town is to the south suden urba ye shulin — forest is south of the town ---- sudak — (kwo) pike-perch ---- sudor — (kwo) sweat, perspiration sudor-ney — (kwel) sweaty sudori — (zwo) perspire, sweat sudorisi — (zwo) produce sweating sudoriser — (kwo) sudorific ---- sufi — (zwo) suffice se sufi — it’s sufficient sufi-she — (kwel) sufficing, sufficient sufi-shem (sufem) — (komo) sufficiently, enough busufi-she — (kwel) insufficient sufa — (kwo) sufficiency sufa-ney (sufe) — (kwel) sufficient suf — (syao) indicates sufficiency of action sufchi — eat one's fill sufsomni — have a good sleep, have one's sleep out sufplei — play to one's heart's content sufpromeni — have had a walk long enough suflopi — have one's fill of running ---- sufliri — (zwo) prompt (theater and television) ---- sufri — (zwo) suffer (feel pain or distress; sustain loss, injury, harm, or punishment — cf. "subi", "toleri") sufra — (kwo) suffering ---- sugesti — (zwo) suggest (put an idea etc. into a person's mind — cf. "proposi") sugesta — (kwo) suggestion (psychol.) ---- suhbranchika — (kwo) brushwood, dry twigs (Origin: suhe+brancha) ---- suhe — (kwel) dry suhe-si rida — a dry laugh suhitaa — (kwo) dryness; drought suhi — (zwo) dry suhing — (kwo) drying mah-suhe — (zwo) make dry fa-suhe — (zwo) become dry suher — (kwo) dryer ---- suki — (zwo) suck suking — (kwo) sucking suker — (kwo) sucker suki-sha — (kwo) sucker (a person or animal) ---- sukra — (kwo) sugar sukradan — (kwo) sugar-bowl ---- sukses — (kwo) success suksesi (fai sukses) — (zwo) succeed sukses-ney — (kwel) successful sukses-nem — (komo) successfully ---- sulam — (kwo) stairs; staircase; ladder portisulam — (kwo) stepladder kordasulam — (kwo) rope ladder ship-sulam — (kwo) ship's ladder sulam-plana — (kwo) landing (of a staircase) ---- sulfa — (kwo) sulfur ---- suli — (zwo) bode, forebode, promise Syn.: presigni, wadi ---- suluki — (zwo) behave suluka — (kwo) behavior ---- suma — (kwo) sum in suma — in sum sumi — (zwo) sum up suming — (kwo) summing up, summation (process) sumare — (kwel) total, aggregate ---- sumpa — (kwo) bog, morass, swamp, marsh ---- sun — (komo) soon Til sun! — See you soon! sun-ney — (kwel) near, coming soon ---- sundi — (zwo) convey, deliver (bring or transport to the proper place or recipient; distribute) sunda — (kwo) delivery ---- sunduk — (kwo) (big) chest (strong box) ---- sungi — (zwo) see off sunga — (kwo) send-off, seeing-off ---- suola — (kwo) sole (underside of a shoe or foot) ---- suomen — (kwel, kwo) Finnish; Finn; Finnish language ---- Suomi — Finland (also "Finland") ---- suon — (kwo) sound fai nul suon — utter no sound suoni — (zwo) sound, ring suoning — (kwo) sounding ---- sup — (kwo) soup ---- super — (kwel, komo, exklami, syao) super superjen — superman superstara — superstar superka — (kwo) something cool (super, excellent, first-rate) ---- superflue — (kwel) superfluous ---- superi — (zwo) surpass, exceed; overcome ---- supermarket, market — (kwo) supermarket ---- suplementa — (kwo) supplement, appendix ---- suporti — (zwo) support suporta — (kwo) supporting, support suporter — (kwo) supporter ---- suposi — (zwo) suppose, assume suposa — (kwo) supposition ---- surfas — (kwo) surface ---- surfi — (zwo) surf surfing — (kwo) surfing ---- surma — (kwo) antimony, stibium ---- surprisa — (kwo) surprise pa koywan-ney surprisa – to smb's surprise surprisi — (zwo) surprise; be surprised surprisa-ney (surprise) — (kwel) surprising ---- sursa — (kwo) source ---- surya — (kwo) sun suryaflor — (kwo) sunflower suryaspota — (kwo) sunspot suryadarba — (kwo) sunstroke suryavati — (zwo) sun ---- suryachu — (kwo) sunrise ---- suryalwo — (kwo) sunset, sundown ---- suskribi — (zwo) subscribe (contract to receive; promise to contribute) suskriba — (zwo) subscription ---- suspekti — (zwo) suspect suspektishil — (kwel) suspicious (distrustful) suspekta — (kwo) suspicion suspekta-ney (suspekte) — (kwel) suspect, suspicious (arousing suspicion, dubious) suspekta-nem (suspektem) — (komo) suspiciously ---- susu — (zwo) rustle sususa — (kwo) rustle, rustling ---- suti — (zwo) sew, suture suting — (kwo) sewing suti-igla — (kwo) sewing needle suter — (kwo) sewer, tailor sutura — (kwo) seam; suture ---- suy — (inplas-kwel) his, her, its Kada jen lubi suy kinda. — Everyone loves his/her child. ---- svenska — (kwel, kwo) Swedish (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Swede; the Swedish language ---- swa — (gramatika) myself, yourself etc. (common reflexive pronoun for all persons and numbers) Ela woshi swa. — She washes herself. Ta lubi sol swa selfa. — He loves only himself. Nu shwo a swa. — We say to ourselves. (syao) self- (of oneself — сf. «selfa») swa-luba — self-love swa-kontrola — self-control ---- swaagat — (exklami) welcome swaagati — (zwo) welcome ---- swarga — (kwo) heaven (cf. "skay") swargalok — (kwo) paradise ---- swasti — (exklami) Good luck! May fortune favour you! Everything good to you! ---- swatberi — (kwo) blackberry, bramble ---- swate — (kwel) black swatebrova-ney — dark-browed ---- swichi — (zwo) switch (set a switch into another position) swichi-on — switch on swichi-of — switch off swiching — (kwo) switching swicher — (kwo) switch (device) ---- swimi — (zwo) swim swiming — (kwo) swimming swimer — (kwo) swimmer ---- swina — (kwo) pig, swine gin-swina (swinina) — (kwo) sow, female pig man-swina (swino) — (kwo) boar, male pig yunswina — (kwo) piglet, young pig swinamasu — (kwo) pork ---- swingi — (zwo) swing (move backward and forward; brandish; ride a swing) swinging — (kwo) swinging swingika — (kwo) swing (hanging seat) ---- swipa — (kwo) lash, scourge, whip swipi — (zwo) lash, scourge, whip ---- syao — (kwel) small, little (not large or big) syaodela — (kwo) trifle (thing of little importance, also "nomuhimka") ---- syen — (kwo) string (esp. of a musical instrument or of a bow — cf. “korda”) syentul — (kwo) stringed instrument arkusyen — (kwo) bow string ---- ta — (inplas-kwo) he, she, it; him, her (common for animate — cf. "it") Es may kota, ta nami Vladimir. — This is my cat, its name is Vladimir. ---- tabahi — (zwo) perish ---- tabak — (kwo) tobacco tabakdan — (kwo) tobacco pouch ---- tabela — (kwo) table (orderly arrangement of data) ---- tabla — (kwo) table (item of furniture) fantabla — (kwo) dinner table lignatabla — (kwo) wooden table skribitabla — (kwo) writing-table ---- tableta — (kwo) tablet, pill ---- tabu — (kwo) taboo tabui, fai tabu — (zwo) taboo tabu-ney — (kwel) taboo, forbidden ---- tabula — (kwo) board (flat surface on which a game is played; flat surface used for writing or posting; name board); (name) tablet ---- tabut — (kwo) coffin tabut-gari — (kwo) hearse, bier ---- tachi — (zwo) touch (also fig.) tacha — (kwo) touch ---- tafeta — (kwo) taffeta ---- taim — (kwo) time hev taim fo zwo koysa — to have time to do smth es taim fo go a dom — it’s time to go home es gro-taim fo samaji... — it’s high time to understand... afte shao taim — after little time, shortly pa hao taim — in time; at the right/proper time nau-taim, wek-taim e lai-taim — the present tense, past tense and future tense fon taim a taim — from time to time taimike — (kwel) temporary taimikem — (komo) temporarily taim-ney — (kwel) temporal (of or relating to time) ---- taip — (kwo) type, typeface, font grose taip — thick/bold type ---- taipi — (zwo) type, typewrite taiping — (kwo) typing ---- tak — (komo) so, in this way Me opini tak. — I think so. Tak, bu kontra-nem. — So, not otherwise. Hay bi tak! — So be it! tak ke — so that ---- tal — (inplas-kwel) such (like this, that etc.) Me bu pri tal joka. — I don't like such jokes. Jiva es tal hi. — Such is life. talgrad — to such an extent ---- talam — (kwo) tray ---- talenta — (kwo) 1) talent (marked ability or skill); 1) talent (unit) talenta-ney (talente), talentaful — (kwel) talented, gifted ---- talia — (kwo) waist ---- talim — (kwo) education minista de talim — minister of education talimi — (zwo) teach talimi kindas — teach children talimi musika a kindas — teach music to children talimer — (kwo) teacher taliming — (kwo) teaching talim-ney — (kwel) educated sintalim-ney — (kwel) uneducated, ignorant ---- talisman — (kwo) talisman, amulet ---- talka — (kwo) talc ---- tamani — (zwo) wish (bid, express wishes for — cf. “yao”) me tamani a yu fortuna — I wish you good luck tamana — (kwo) wish(es) Zuy hao tamana! — Best wishes! ---- tambur — (kwo) drum (percussive musical instrument) tamburi (fai/baji tambur) — (zwo) drum tamburi bay finga on tabla — drum one’s fingers on the table ---- tampon — (kwo) tampon ---- tamra — (kwo) date (sweet fruit) tamrapalma — (kwo) date palm suhtamra — (kwo) dried dates ---- tamrin — (kwo) exercise tamrini (fai tamrin) — (zwo) exercise, train, practice ---- tana — (kwo) shelf ---- tange — (kwel) narrow, tight tangitaa — (kwo) narrowness, tightness tangifi (fa-tange) — (zwo) get narrower tangisi (mah-tange) — (zwo) narrow, contract ---- tangli — (zwo) tangle, snarl tanglika — (kwo) tangle (confused, intertwined mass) ---- tango — (kwo) tango ---- tanike — (kwel) tiny, wee tanika — (kwo) a tiny bit tanikem — (komo) a tiny bit bu tanikem — (komo) not in the least, not at all, not a bit ---- tanka — (kwo) 1) tank (armoured vehicle) 2) tank (container for liquids) bensin-tanka — (kwo) petrol tank ---- tanto — (inplas-kwanto) so much, so many, thus much, so (to such an extent) tanto kwanto treba — as much as needed tanto ke me jan — as far as I know Bu gai gun tanto. — One shouldn't work so much. Es tanto muhim. — It's so important. tanto... kom — as (much)...as tanto kway kom posible — as quickly as possible bu tanto…kom — not so much…as ---- tapa — (kwo) spigot, tap, plug, stopper tapi — (zwo) plug, gag ---- tapis — (kwo) carpet ---- tara — (kwo) tyre infli tara — inflate (pump up) a tyre ---- taraf — (kwo) side pa un taraf... pa otre taraf — on the one hand... on the other hand go a taraf — move aside pa hir-ney taraf de riva — on this side of the river Gratuli ta fon may taraf. — Give him my congratulations. ambi taraf konsenti — both sides (parties) agree baktaraf — (kwo) backside ---- taratori — (zwo) jabber, gabble, chatter ---- tarde — (kwel) late, tardy es yo muy tarde — it’s very late already til tarde nocha — till late at night tardem es pyu hao kem neva — better late than never tarditaa — (kwo) lateness, tardiness; delay, late arrival tardi, tardefai — (zwo) be late Ant.: rane ---- tarif — (kwo) tariff, rate ---- tasa — (kwo) cup (for tea or coffee) Pi ba un tasa chay! — Drink a cup of tea! ---- taska — (kwo) task taska fo domgunsa — a task for the homework betaski — (zwo) charge, commission betaski koywan bay koysa — charge smb with smth ---- tasma — (kwo) lace, tape, braid tasmi (fai) butas — lace up one’s boots ---- tatu — (kwo) tattoo (on skin) tatui — (zwo) tattoo tatuing — (kwo) tattooing ---- tau — (zwo) thaw, melt ---- tausian — (zwo) surrender, give up, capitulate ---- tavan — (kwo) ceiling ---- taverna — (kwo) tavern ---- tawa — (kwo) tower ---- taxi — (kwo) taxi ---- tay — (kwo) necktie ---- tayar — (kwel) ready Ob yu es tayar fo go? — Are you ready to go? Deyfan es tayar. — The dinner is ready. tayartaa — (kwo) readiness, preparedness tayari — (zwo) prepare (tr./intr.) tayari bavul — pack a suitcase fa-tayari, tayari swa — (zwo) make oneself ready, get ready, prepare (for smth — fo koysa) tayari swa fo safara — get ready for a trip tayaring — (kwo) preparing, preparation ---- te — (gramatika) past tense marker Me bu jan-te om to. — I didn't know about that. ---- teatra — (kwo) theatre ---- tedi — (zwo) bore, tire, weary se tedi me — it bores me fa-tedi — (zwo) get bored, be bored tedi-she — (kwel) boring, tedious ---- tegla — (kwo) tile, tiling ---- teip — (kwo) tape (adhesive, magnetic, telegraph) See also: banda ---- teklif — (kwo) ceremoniousness, primness, formality sin teklif — without ceremony teklifi — (kwo) behave formally Bye teklifi! — Make yourself at home! Bu gai teklifi om sey kanalya. — One should deal shortly with this scoundrel. noteklif-nem — (kwo) in a familiar manner, with familiarity ---- teknika — (kwo) technics; technique teknike — (kwel) technical ---- teknologia — (kwo) technology teknologike — (kwel) technological ---- tel — (kwo) wire spikatel — (kwo) barbed wire sintel-ney — (kwel) wireless (not having any wires) ---- telefon — (kwo) telephone, phone telefoni — (zwo) telephone, phone ---- telegraf — (kwo) telegraph ---- telegraf — (kwo) telegraph telegrafi — (zwo) telegraph telegrafguan — (kwo) telegraph office ---- telegrama — (kwo) telegram, wire ---- teleskop — (kwo) telescope ---- television — (kwo) television (broadcasting system — cf. "televisor") Shortening: TV ---- televisor — (kwo) television set Shortening: TV ---- tem — (gramatika) (in comparisons) kem pyu…tem pyu — the more...the more Kem pyu lao, tem pyu stupide. — The older, the sillier. Kem pyu, tem pyu hao. — The more, the better. Ela bu lai ku? Tem pyu hao. — She is not coming? So much the better. Es tem pyu surprisi-she ke ta hev mani. — It’s all the more surprising that he/she has money. ---- tema — (kwo) theme, topic, subject ---- temperatura — (kwo) temperature ---- temti — (zwo) tempt, entice temti-she — (kwel) tempting, alluring, seductive temta — (kwo) temptation bu dukti nu inu temta — lead us not into temptation ---- tendon — (kwo) tendon, sinew ---- teni — (zwo) hold Lu stan al teni brancha. — He stood holding a branch. Lu stan al fa-teni pa brancha. — He stood holding on by a branch. Fa-teni ba! — Hold on tight! en-teni — (zwo) take hold of ---- tenis — (kwo) tennis ---- tensi — (zwo) tense, tighten, strain, stretch tensa — (kwo) tension, strain tensa-ney (tense) — (kwel) tense, tight tensi-ney (tensen) — (kwel) strained ---- tenta — (kwo) tent stavi tenta — put up a tent ---- teologia — (kwo) theology teologier — (kwo) theologian ---- teoria — (kwo) theory ---- terasa — (kwo) terrace ---- terible — (kwo) terrible Syn.: dashat-ney, foba-ney ---- teritoria — (kwo) territory ---- termin — (kwo) term (a word having a particular meaning) ---- teror — (kwo) terror (violence — cf. "dashat") terorisi — (zwo) terrorize terorista — (kwo) terrorist ---- tesa — (kwo) thesis (also in the meaning "dissertation") ---- testa — (kwo) test (trial; quiz) testi — (zwo) test ---- texi — (zwo) weave texer — (kwo) weaver texing — (kwo) weaving texitura — (kwo) tissue, texture (cf. "histo") teximashina — (kwo) loom See also: plexi ---- texta — (kwo) text ---- tfu — (exklami) ptooey ---- ti — (gramatika) optional marker of a noun group; optional first element of the construction ti...na In skay gao ti blan badal floti. — In the high sky white clouds float. Me kwesti lu om ti lu jivi na planeta. — I asked him about the planet on which he lives. Me bu yao diskusi ti yu shwo na kwesta. — I don’t want to discuss the question that you mention. ---- tia — (kwo) aunt ---- tifus — (kwo) typhus ---- tigra — (kwo) tiger tigro — (kwo) male tiger tigrina — (kwo) tigress yuntigra — (kwo) tiger cub ---- tik — (kwo) tic ---- tikli — (zwo) tickle tikla — (kwo) tickle ---- tiktaki — (zwo) tick (emit recurring clicking sounds) tiktaking — (kwo) ticking ---- til — (konekti) till, until fon kapa til peda — from head to foot Til aksham! — Till the evening! Me bu jan-te se til nau. — I didn't know it until now. ---- tim — (kwo) team (a group organized to work or play together) ---- timide — (kwel) timid, bashful, shy timidem — (komo) timidly timidi, timidefai — (zwo) be shy, behave timidly ---- timshefa — (kwo) boatswain (Origin: tim+shefa) ---- tin — (kwo) tin, tin plate tin ken — tin can ---- tineijer — (kwo) teenager, adolescent tineijer-yash — (kwo) adolescence ---- tinta — (kwo) ink ---- tintini — (zwo) clink, tinkle, jingle tintini glasa kun koywan — clink glasses with smb ---- tinza — (kwo) arbour, pergola ---- tip — (kwo) type (class) tipike — (kwel) typical ---- tiran — (kwo) tyrant ---- tiri — (zwo) draw, pull, drag ek-tiri — (zwo) give a tug tira — (kwo) pull, tug, draught tiriboxa — (kwo) drawer (box) korkatirika — (kwo) corkscrew ---- tirpan — (kwo) scythe tirpani — (zwo) scythe ---- titan — (kwo) Titan, titan titanike — (kwel) titanic ---- titanium — (kwo) titanium ---- titar — (kwo) partridge ---- titla — (kwo) title (of a book, article, person), heading See also: subtitla ---- to — 1) (inplas-kwo) that, those Se es dom, e to es auto. — This is a house, and that is a car. To es avion, bu faula. — That is an airplane, not a bird. Me bu jan nixa om to. — I know nothing about that. to es — that is, i.e. toy — (inplas-kwel) that, those Toy kitaba bu es interes-ney. — That book is not interesting. 2) (gramatika) optional apposition marker kota to kapter – cat the catcher avion to fortesa – a plane that is also a fortress ---- toki — (zwo) talk, converse toki kun koywan — talk to smb toka — (kwo) conversation, talk, discourse toknik — (kwo) conversationalist ---- tokon — (kwo) stump, stub kol-tokon — cabbage stump ---- toleri — (zwo) tolerate, stand, bear tolera — (kwo) toleration, tolerance toleribile — (kwel) tolerable, bearable, endurable notoleribile — (kwel) unbearable, intolerable tolerishil — (kwel) tolerant, lenient tolerishiltaa — (kwo) lenience ---- tolki — (zwo) interprete, expound tolka — (kwo) interpretation ---- tomata — (kwo) tomato tomata saus — tomato sauce ---- tompi — (zwo) stamp (step heavily), tramp, pound tomping — (kwo) stamping, tramping See also: topti ---- ton — (kwo) tone See also: tonus ---- tona — (kwo) ton ---- tonus — (kwo) tonus, tonicity, tone ---- topale — (kwel) lame topali — (zwo) limp topaling — (kwo) limping, lameness ---- topti — (zwo) trample (beat down with the feet, tread destructively), tramp on, trample down ---- topuk — (kwo) heel (part of the foot on the backside only; the part of a shoe's sole is "kabluk") ---- torcha — (kwo) torch ---- tori — (zwo) tear, rip austori — tear out tori kasam (wada) — break one's oath (promise) tora — (kwo) tear toripes — (kwo) scrap, shred ---- tormenti — (zwo) torment, distress; agonize, suffer torments tormenta — (kwo) torment, misery, distress tormentisi — (zwo) torture, make suffer (cf. "torturi") ---- tornado — (kwo) tornado ---- torsi — (zwo) twist, wring, contort torsi por tunga — writhe with pain ---- torta — (kwo) gateaux, cake (especially a rich and elaborate one filled with custard, fruit, or nuts) tortakin — (kwo) pastry, tart ---- tortuga — (kwo) turtle tortuga shel — turtle's shell ---- tortura — (kwo) torture (infliction of severe physical pain as a means of punishment or coercion) torturi — (zwo) torture ---- toshi — (komo) too, as well, also, likewise, similarly, like or in the same way as somebody or something else (cf. "yoshi") Me pri gani. – Me toshi. — I like to sing. – Me too. Me bu ve go a kino. – Me toshi. — I won't go to the cinema. – Neither will I. Me toshi wud yao safari. – Me too would like to go to a trip. Lu toshi es hir. — He is here as well. ---- tote — (kwel) whole, entire tote dey — the whole day tota — (kwo) whole pa tota — on the whole, altogether totale — (kwel) total, overall totem — (komo) wholly, entirely, completely bu totem — not entirely, not completely ---- toxin — (kwo) poison, toxin, venom toxin-ney — (kwel) poisonous, toxic, venomous toxini — (zwo) poison, envenom toxining — (kwo) poisoning ---- tra — (konekti-syao) through; over, across, to (on) the other side of Me he vidi yu tra winda. — I saw you through the window. Go tra gata! — Cross the street! Nu gun om sey proyekta tra mucho yar. — We work on this project through many years. Lu jivi tra osean. — He lives over the ocean. tralekti — to read through (from begining to end) tranochi — to spend the night trasalti — skip; omit trakusi — bite through tra-ney — (kwel) through tra-nem — (komo) (all the way) through ---- tradision — (kwo) tradition tradision-ney — (kwel) traditional ---- tradukti — (zwo) translate (render in another language) tradukta — (kwo) translation ---- trafik — (kwo) traffic (the passage of people or vehicles; the conveyance of messages or data) ---- trafugi — (zwo) defect, desert to the enemy, go over (to) trafuger — (kwo) defector, deserter, turncoat (Origin: tra+fugi) ---- tragedia — (kwo) tragedy ---- tragike — (kwel) tragic, tragical ---- trai — (zwo) try, attempt Plis trai lerni hao. — Please try to learn well. Bu trai juli me! — Don't attempt to swindle me! Oli jivika on Arda trai kapti garme surya-ray. — All creatures on Earth try to catch the hot sun's rays. traisa — (kwo) attempt, endeavour, try ---- trajivi — (zwo) experience, go through, live through; survive (remain alive) Ela he trajivi mucho beda. — She has lived through many troubles. Ta mog bu trajivi sey nocha. — He/she may not survive this night. (Origin: tra+jivi) ---- traktor — (kwo) tractor ---- tralasi — (zwo) let through butralasike — (kwel) impermeable, impenetrable; inscrutable ---- tram — (kwo) tram, tramway ---- trani — (zwo) drag, trail, train fa-trani — drag oneself tranika — (kwo) trail, train (of a dress, of a comet) ---- trankwile — (kwel) tranquil, placid, peaceful trankwilitaa — (kwo) tranquility, peacefulness ---- transa — (kwo) trance ---- transferi — (zwo) transfer (convey or cause to pass from one place, person, or thing to another) transfera — (kwo) transfer, transference ---- transformi — (zwo) transform (change the form, nature, or function) transforma — (kwo) transformation ---- transha — (kwo) tranche ---- transistor — (kwo) transistor transistor-ney resiver — a transistor receiver ---- transiti — (zwo) transit (also "pass over into another state") transita — (kwo) transit, transition ---- transmiti — (zwo) transmit (convey, send out) transmita — (kwo) transmission (also a broadcast) ---- transplanti — (zwo) transplant (med., botan.) transplantiwat — (kwo) transplant (thing transplanted) transplanta — (kwo) transplantation ---- transporta — (kwo) transport (vehicles; system of transporting) transporti — (zwo) transport (with vehicles) transporting — (kwo) transportation ---- trapa — (kwo) rag (scrap/piece of cloth) trapas — rags, raggery ---- trasa — (kwo) trace, spoor, track, trail finga trasa — fingerprints peda trasa — footprint lyu trasa — leave traces sin trasa — without a trace trasi — (zwo) trace, spoor, trail ---- trati — (zwo) treat (handle, deal with or behave towards); approach (an issue etc.) trati kun respekta — treat with respect dustrati — (zwo) ill-treat, abuse, mistreat trata — (kwo) treatment (process or manner of treating); approach (method of dealing with) ---- trauma — (kwo) trauma, injury traumi — (zwo) traumatize trauma depatmen — (kwo) trauma department (at a hospital) ---- traur — (kwo) mourning traur-ney — (kwel) mourning ---- travidibile — (kwel) transparent (Origin: tra+vidi+bile) ---- treba — (sta) it is necessary; require Treba zwo se olo til aksham. — It is necessary to do it all till the evening. Es tarde, nu treba go a dom. — It is late, we must go home. Treba pyu jen. — More people are needed/required. Regula treba klarisa. — The rule needs clarification. Sey kwesta treba kaulusa. — This question requires consideration. ("treba" has a wider meaning than "gai", "nidi", "mus", and can be used in most cases) ---- trefi — (zwo) hit, not miss; overtake, strike, befall, (med.) affect trefi nishan — hit the target trefi-ney (trefen) bay kula — bullet-stricken disasta trefi-te lu — he was overtaken by disaster sin trefi — beside the mark shuti bu trefi — miss one’s shot mistrefi — (zwo) miss, fail to hit trefishil — (kwel) accurate (in shooting) trefa — (kwo) hit (successfully executed shot or blow) trefnik — (kwo) marksman ---- tremi — (zwo) tremble ek-tremi — flinch, give a start tremi-she vos — faltering voice trema — (kwo) tremble, tremor ardatrema — (kwo) earthquake (also “sisma”) Syn.: sheiki ---- tren — (kwo) train (a line of connected railroad cars) trenyuan — (kwo) conductor (in a train) ---- trepi — (zwo) flutter trepi bay alas — flap the wings, flutter trepa — (kwo) flutter, trepidation ---- tresor — (kwo) treasure ---- treta — (kwo) trait, feature ---- tri — (kwanto) three (3) li tri jen — the three of them trifen un trifen — one third dwa trifen — two thirds trifenka — (kwo) third triple — (kwel) threefold, triple triplem — (komo) triply trishi — thirty tristo — three hundred tri-ney — third tri-nem — thirdly, in the third place ---- triangula — (kwo) triangle ---- tribu — (kwo) tribe ---- tribunal — (kwo) tribunal Syn.: judiguan ---- tribut — (kwo) tribute fai tribut on koywan — impose tribute on smb pagi tribut — pay tribute ---- tridi — (kwo) Wednesday ---- triger — (kwo) trigger trigeri — (zwo ) trigger ---- trimeska — (kwo) quarter (period of 3 months) (Origin: tri+mes+(i)ka) ---- trimi — (zwo) trim, cut ---- Trinitaa — (kwo) Trinity Trinitaa-undi — (kwo) Whit Monday ---- triste — (kwel) sad (sorrowful) tristitaa — (kwo) sadness tristefai — (zwo) be sad Syn.: griva-ney ---- triumfa — (kwo) triumph triumfa-arka — triumphal arch triumfi — (zwo) triumph ---- tro — (komo) too, too much Sey taska es tro mushkile fo me. — This task is too difficult for me. Sey lampa bu es tro yarke. — This lamp is not too bright. Yu gun ya tro. — You do work too much. Es ya tro! — That's too much! That's going too far! That beats everything! tro-ney — (kwel) excessive fai tro, troisi — (zwo) overdo, go too far; exaggerate troisa — (zwo) exaggeration ---- trofee — (kwo) trophy ---- tromba — (kwo) thrombus ---- trombon — (kwo) trombone ---- trompi — (zwo) deceive, mislead fa-trompi por koysa — be mistaken by smth trompa — (kwo) deception, deceit Syn.: juli ---- tron — (kwo) throne ---- tronka — (kwo) trunk (of tree, of a human or animal) ---- tropika — (kwo) tropic tropike — (kwel) tropic, tropical ---- troti — (zwo) trot (along) ---- truk — (kwo) trick (feat; knack, artifice; conjuring trick) trukyuan — (kwo) conjurer, magician ---- trumpeta — (kwo) trumpet ---- trupa — (kwo) troupe; herd, flock, troop, swarm; crowd trupas — (kwo) troops (military forces) See also: gurta, jenmenga ---- tsar — (kwo) tsar (emperor of Russia) ---- tsunami — (kwo) tsunami ---- tu — (gramatika) (the infinitive particle, substantivation) Tu samaji es tu pardoni. — To understand is to forgive. Tu fobisi es muy fasile. — To scare, it's very easy. ---- tualet — (kwo) WC, lavatory, toilet (cf. "tuvalet") tualet papir — toilet paper ---- tualya — (kwo) towel ---- tuan — (kwo) lump, clod, clot; clew, ball volvi swa inu tuan — roll/curl (oneself) up into a ball tuangrunta — lumpy soil tuan in gorla — a lump in the throat ---- tuba — (kwo) 1) pipe, tube; barrel (of a gun) dwa-tuba-ney banduk — double-barrelled gun 2) tuba (mus.) ---- tudun — (kwo) hillock, knoll, mound, tussock ---- tufi — (zwo) suffocate, strangle, choke, smother, stifle; drown (mask by a louder sound) tufi shum — to stifle the noise shum tufi suy vos — the noise drowned his voice dus-herba tufi sereal — weeds choke the corn tufi-she — (kwel) suffocating, choking; stifling; stuffy, close ---- tuh — (kwo) a piece of cloth, kerchief avantuh — (kwo) apron poshtuh — (kwo) handkerchief ---- tuhmat — (kwo) slander, calumny tuhmati — (zwo) calumniate, slander, libel ---- tuhun — (komo) together (jointly; simultaneously) tuhun kun — together with, along with Li sempre go tuhun. — They always go together. fai tuhun — go together tuhun-ney — (kwel) joint, combined Syn.: pa hunta ---- tuki — (zwo) knock, rap, tap tuki pa dwar — knock at the door ek-tuki — (zwo) give a knock/tap/rap en-tuki — (zwo) begin to knock tuka — (kwo) knock, rap, tap tuking — (kwo) knocking, rapping, tapping tuk-tuk — (exklami) rat-tat Pelatuk tuki: tuk-tuk-tuk! — A woodpecker raps: rat-a-tat-tat! ---- tul — (kwo) tool, instrument ---- tulipa — (kwo) tulip ---- tuman — (kwo) fog; mist dense tuman kovri dol — thick fog covers the valley tumanisi — (zwo) fog, befog, haze ---- tume — (kwel) dark tumitaa — (kwo) darkness tum- — dark-: tumgrin — dark green tumhar-ney — dark-haired tumderma-ney (tumderme) —dark-skinned, swarthy ---- tundra — (kwo) tundra ---- tunel — (kwo) tunnel ---- tunga — (kwo) pain, ache sensa de tunga — sensation of pain tunga-ney (tunge) — (kwel) painful, sore tungaful — (kwel) painful, excruciating tungi — (zwo) ache, hurt, be painful may kapa tungi — my head aches ---- tupe — (kwel) blunt, dull, obtuse (also figuratively) tupifi (fa-tupe) — (zwo) get/become blunt tupisi (mah-tupe) — (zwo) make blunt, dull ---- tur — (kwo) tour; turn (turn to do smth) Es yur tur fo jawabi. — It's your turn to answer. pa swa-ney tur — in its turn pa tur — by turns turi — (zwo) tour turista — (kwo) tourist ---- turan — (taim-komo) suddenly Turan me he samaji olo. — Suddenly I understood everything. turan-ney — (kwel) sudden ---- turdi — (zwo) stun turdi-she — (kwel) stunning turdi-she habar — a stunning piece of news ---- turk — (kwel, kwo) Turkish (relating to ethnicity, language or country); Turkish (person of Turkish ethnicity); Turkish language (also “turk-lingwa”) ---- Turkiye — (kwo) Turkey Turkiye-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of Turkey ---- turni — (zwo) turn turna — (kwo) turn dela fai buhao turna — things have taken a turn for the worse turning — (kwo) turning ---- tushi — (zwo) extinguish, quench; die out tushing — (kwo) extinguishing, putting out; extinction, dying (away) ---- tuta — (kwo) thigh ---- tuvalet — (kwo) toilet (grooming or dressing — cf. "tualet") ---- tuy — (komo) immediately, at once, right away Lu he samaji to tuy. — He got it right away. Riva es tuy afte dom. — The river is right after the house. tuy ke — as soon as Tuy ke ta vidi me, ta lopi a me pa fule kwaytaa. — As soon as he saw me, he ran to me at top speed. ---- tuza — (kwo) hare man-tuza (tuzo) — (kwo) male hare gin-tuza (tuzina) — (kwo) doe-hare yuntuza — (kwo) young hare, leveret ---- twarog — (kwo) curds, cottage cheese ---- twerde — (kwel) hard, solid twerdi — (zwo) harden (tr./intr.) fa-twerde (twerdifi) — (zwo) harden, become hard, coarsen mah-twerde (twerdisi) — (zwo) harden, make hard twerdika — (kwo) solid (not a liquid or gas); smth hard twerditaa — (kwo) hardness, solidity ---- twin — (kwo) twin twines — twins, gemini ---- twoli — (zwo) thresh twoling — (kwo) threshing twolilok — (kwo) threshing-floor twolitul — (kwo) flail twolimashina — (kwo) threshing machine ---- tyuba — (kwo) tube (a flexible container with a screw top for pastelike substances) tyuba de dentapasta — a tube of toothpaste ---- udali — (zwo) remove, delete udala, udaling — (kwo) removal, deletion ---- uf — (exklami) An exclamation expressing tiredness or relief, appeasement Uf, me sta fatigi-ney! – Gosh, I am tired! Uf, sey bao es grave! – Oh (gosh), this bag is heavy! Uf, pa fin me es pa dom! – Oh, at last I am at home! ---- ugosti — (zwo) regale (entertain with food) ---- ugrosa — (kwo) threat, menace ugrosi — (zwo) threaten, menace; make threatening gestures ugrosi bay finga a koywan — shake/wag one's finger at smb ---- Ukraina — (kwo) Ukraine ---- ukrainska — (kwel, kwo) Ukrainian; Ukrainian language ---- ulsa — (kwo) ulcer ---- ultraviolete — (kwel) ultraviolet ---- ulu — (kwo) owl ---- un — (kwanto) one (1) un afte otre — one after another un fon zuy jamile gela — one of the most beautiful girls un-ney — (kwel) first arivi pa un-ney — arrive first un-nem — (komo) firstly, in the first place; (taim-komo) at first, initially un e haf — one and a half unple — single, one-time unves — (inplas-komo) once Unves me vidi ta pa gata. — Once I saw him/her in the street. unka — (kwo) one fila de unka — the row of ones Yur unka tro-simili semka. — Your ones are too like sevens. ---- unatma-ney (unatme) — (kwel) unanimous unatma-nem (unatmem) — (komo) unanimously (Origin: un+atma+ney) ---- undi — (kwo) Monday ---- une — (kwel) united, joined into a single entity une tota — a single whole unitaa — (kwo) unity uni — (zwo) unite (tr./intr.) unisa, unifa — (kwo) unification, integration unisi-ney — (kwel) united ---- unida — (kwo) unit ---- uniforma — (kwo) uniform (distinctive outfit) ---- uniforme — (kwel) uniform uniformitaa — (kwo) uniformity uniformisi — (zwo) uniform ---- unike — (kwel) unique unika — (kwo) unique ---- union — (kwo) union Europa-ney union — European Union ---- universa — (kwo) the universe universa-ney — (kwel) universal (of the universe), cosmic ---- universale — (kwel) universal (common to all; useful for many purposes) universala — (kwo) universal ---- universitet — (kwo) university ---- unkwe — (gramatika) “-ever” kwo unkwe lu shwo — whatever he says kwel unkwe suy janmalingwa es — whatever his/her native language is kwel unkwe mahta lu posesi — whatever power he possesses a wo unkwe nu go — wherever we go komo unkwe lu trai — however he tries ---- upruge — (kwel) resilient, springy ---- uragan — (kwo) hurricane ---- Uran — (kwo) Uranus ---- uranyum — (kwo) uranium ---- urba — (kwo) city, town ---- urina — (kwo) urine urini — (zwo) urinate See also: pisi ---- urjente — (kwel) urgent (compelling immediate action or attention, pressing) urjensia — (kwo) urgency ---- urli — (zwo) purr ---- urna — (kwo) urn (vessel for ashes of a deceased person) voti-urna — ballot box ---- USA — (kwo) USA (Unisi-ney Statas de Amerika) USA-jen — (kwo) inhabitant/citizen of the USA ---- ushibi — (zwo) contuse, hurt, bruise ushiba — (kwo) contusion, bruise ---- ustupi — (zwo) concede, yield, give way ustupa — (kwo) concession ustupishil — (kwel) compliant, yielding, pliable ---- utile — (kwel) useful noutile — (kwel) useless utilitaa — (kwo) benefit, use, good utilisi — (zwo) make use of, utilize, avail oneself of utilisi kasu — take occasion ---- utka — (kwo) duck utkina (gin-utka) — (kwo) female duck utko (man-utka) — (kwo) male duck, drake yunutka — (kwo) duckling ---- utopia — (kwo) utopia ---- uupar — (konekti-komo) up, upwards Kan uupar! — Look up! Nu go uupar kolina. — We go up the hill. Li go uupar sulam. — They go upstairs. uuparen — (konekti-komo) up, at the upper part of Lai uupar! Me es uuparen. — Come up here! I am above. uuparen monta — at the top of the mountain fon uuparen — from above fa-uupar (uuparifi) — (zwo) move up, go up, rise; turn up (intr.) mah-uupar (uuparisi) — (zwo) move up, go up, rise; turn up (tr.) ---- uupare — (kwel) upper, top uupare tiriboxa — top drawer uuparetaja — upper/top floor zuy uupare — uppermost uupara — (kwo) top, the upper part uuparlok — (kwo) eminence, upland ---- vafla — (kwo) wafer, waffle ---- vagabondi — (zwo) vagabond, lead the life of a vagabond vagabondi-she — (kwel) vagrant, strolling, nomadic vagabonder — (kwo) vagabond, tramp, vagrant vagabonding — (kwo) vagrancy See also: wandi ---- vage — (kwel) vague, dim, indistinct ---- vagina — (kwo) vagina ---- vagon — (kwo) coach, carriage (railroad car) ---- vaika — (komo) at least, just; for example, say; whichever suits, if you like Weiti ba vaika un minuta! — Won't you wait just a minute? Ob yu mog obedi me vaika un ves? — Can you do as I tell you (at least) once? Me bu mog desidi, ob kupi grin kamisa o rude-la. Ambi es jamile. – Bu dumi tro, kupi ba vaika rude-la. — I can’t decide, which shirt to buy: the green one or the red one. – Don’t think too much, buy for example the red one. vaika nau — now, if you like Lai ba vaika sedey, vaika manya. — You can come today or tomorrow, whichever suits you. ---- vaka — (kwo) balance, scales pondi bay vaka — weigh with scales Syn.: pondika ---- vakante — (kwel) vacant (not occupied; not filled with activity; empty) vakansia — (kwo) vacancy ---- vakasion — (kwo) vacation ---- vaksina — (kwo) vaccine ---- vakue — (kwel) empty, devoid of content fa-vakue — (zwo) become empty mah-vakue — (zwo) make empty vakuitaa — (kwo) emptiness vakue-handa-ney — (kwel) empty-handed ---- vakum — (kwo) vacuum ---- val — (sta) (it) is worth val go kan sey filma — it is worth to go see this film (syao) "worth" admirival — admirable sey filma es goval — this film is worth going to see geim es pleival — the game is worth playing Govo valori shao, bat Bagira-ney honor es shayad koysa batalival, – Bagira shwo bay zuy mule vos. — The worth of a bull is little, but Bagheera’s honor is something that he will perhaps fight for,” said Bagheera in his gentlest voice. ---- valide — (kwel) valid ---- valor — (kwo) value (worth; importance — cf. “valu”) valor-ney, valorful — (kwel) valuable, precious valori — (zwo) be worth; value ---- valu — (kwo) value (numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed) ---- valza — (kwo) waltz valzi — (zwo) waltz ---- vane — (kwel) vain, futile vanem — (komo) vainly, in vain vanitaa — (kwo) futility, vainness vanisi — (zwo) waste, squander; thwart, bring to naught ---- vapor — (kwo) vapour, steam vaporkazan — steam boiler vapormashina — steam engine vapori — (zwo) evaporate vaporing — (kwo) evaporation ---- varia — (kwo) variation vari — (zwo) vary varibile — (kwel) variable ---- varianta — (kwo) variant ---- vasa — (kwo) vessel (for holding liquids); vase (as for flowers, etc.) ---- vaste — (kwel) vast, extensive (in all directions) vastitaa — (kwo) vastness, vast extent, spaciousness ---- vata — (kwo) cotton wool; wadding ---- ve — (gramatika) future tense marker me he zwo, me zwo, me ve zwo — I did, I do, I shall do ---- vegi — (zwo) weigh (have weight — cf. “pondi”) it vegi dwa kilo — it weighs two kilos vega — (kwo) weight ---- vena — (kwo) vein (anat. — cf. «jila») ---- vendi — (zwo) sell, vend venda, vending — (kwo) sale, selling vendi-gina — (kwo) saleswoman ---- venji — (zwo) revenge, revenge oneself, avenge (on smb — a koywan) venja — (kwo) revenge, vengeance venjishil — (kwel) vindictive, revengeful ---- Venus — (kwo) Venus ---- ver — (kwel) true, consistent with fact or reality (a short form of “vere”) indeed, true, really Es ver. — That’s true. Bu es ver. — It isn’t true. Ela es jamile, bu ver? — Ver. — She is beautiful, isn't she? — Yes, she is. Es ver ke ela es jamile. — It’s true that she is beautiful. Ver ku? — Really? Ver ya! — Exactly! That’s it! ---- veranda — (kwo) veranda ---- vere — (kwel) true (correct; veritable, genuine, real) verem — (komo) truly, genuinely, indeed, really veritaa — (kwo) truth, verity ---- verguy — (kwel) precious verguyka — (kwo) precious thing (Origin: ver+guy) ---- verifiki — (zwo) verify verifika — (kwo) verification ---- versa — (kwo) verse (in poetry, also of Bible) ---- version — (kwo) version ---- versu — (konekti) toward, towards Wo es dom? Versu westa. — Where is home? It's to the west. Elay senta versu lu bu he shanji. — Her feelings towards him have not changed. Versu sabah morba-ney jen en-sta pyu hao. — Towards evening the sick man felt himself better. ---- vertebra — (kwo) vertebra ---- vertiga — (kwo) giddiness, dizziness, vertigo hev vertiga — to be dizzy ---- vertikale — (kwel) vertical vertikala — (kwo) vertical ---- ves — (kwo) time (an instance or occurrence) al un-ney ves — at the first time mucho ves per dey — many times a day kada ves yu zwo same galta — every time you make the same error pa sey ves — this time dwa ves dwa es char — twice two makes four yoshi un ves — once again pa un ves — at once, at the same time pa nove ves (pa novves) — anew otreves — (komo) another time, some other time laives — (komo) next time koyves — (komo) sometimes, at times, occasionally unves — (komo) once ---- vesna — (kwo) spring (season) pa vesna — in spring fa-vesna — the spring is coming ---- vespa — (kwo) wasp ---- vestibul — (kwo) vestibule, lobby, antechamber, entrance hall ---- veteran — (kwo) veteran ---- vexi — (zwo) vex, annoy, iritate; become irritated fa-vexi — (zwo) become irritated vexa — (kwo) vexation, annoyance vexishil — (kwel) irritable ---- via — (konekti) via (passing through, by way/means of) a London via Paris — to London via Paris via radio — via radio May gin-visin sempre shwo mucho. Me en-jan oli habar via ela. — My female neighbour always speaks a lot. I learn all the news through her. ---- vibri — (zwo) vibrate vibra — (kwo) vibration ---- video — (kwo, kwel) video rekordi video — record video ---- vidi — (zwo) see vida — (kwo) sight, vision, view (ability to see, act of seeing, smth seen) vidiwat — (kwo) view, spectacle, smth seen vidimogsa — (kwo) vision (ability to see) vidisens — (kwo) the sense/organ of sight vidipunta — (kwo) point of view, standpoint vidike — (kwel) visual vidibile — (kwel) visible, which can be seen vidi-ney — (kwel) seen, visible vidi-nem — (komo) in visible manner, visibly, apparently fa-vidi — (zwo) be seen, be visible shulin fa-vidi in dalitaa — a forest could be seen in the distance ek-vidi — (zwo) catch a glimpse of rividi — (zwo) see again Til rividi! — See you later! ---- vigor — (kwo) vigor (exuberant and resiliant strength of body or mind, vitality) vigorful — (kwel) vigorous vigorisi — (zwo) invigorate ---- vigyan — (kwo) science vigyan(-ney) — (kwel) scientific vigyaner — (kwo) scientist ---- vije — (kwel) sprightly, vivacious, brisk, zestful, cheerful, bright ---- vikar — (kwo) vicar ---- vikla — (kwo) vehicle (any means of transport; (fig.) a means of transmitting) ---- viktima — (kwo) victim ---- vilaja — (kwo) village ---- vin — (kwo) vine, grape vingrapa — bunch of grapes vinjus — grape juice vinberi — grape (grape berries) vinberinka — one grape berry ---- vinegra — (kwo) vinegar ---- vino — (kwo) wine suhe vino — dry wine rude vino — red wine ---- vinta — (kwo) screw; screw propeller vinti — (zwo) screw devinti — (zwo) unscrew (tr.) fa-devinti — (zwo) come unscrewed vintitul — (kwo) screwdriver ---- viola — (kwo) viol ---- violati — (zwo) violate (infringe, transgress, break (a law) — cf. “violensi”) violata — (kwo) violation, infringement, breach ---- violensi — (zwo) use/do violence, violate (rape, assault sexually) violensa — (kwo) violence violensa-ney (violense) — (kwel) violent (having to do with violence) ---- violeta — (kwo) violet (plant) trikolor-violeta — (kwo) heartsease ---- violete — (kwel) violet, purple ---- vipera — (kwo) adder, viper ---- virga — (kwo) virgin virga-ney (virge) — (kwel) virgin virge shulin — virgin forest ---- virti — (zwo) whirl virti-mixi ovos kun milka — stir up the eggs with the milk akwavirta — (kwo) whirlpool, vortex virtifeng — (kwo) whirlwind ---- virulente — (kwel) virulent ---- virus — (kwo) virus ---- visa — (kwo) visa ---- vise- — (syao) vice- vise-rega — viceroy ---- visin — (kwo) neighbour visin-ney — (kwel) neighbouring gin-visin — (kwo) neighbour woman visintaa — (kwo) neighbourhood, vicinity ---- visiti — (zwo) visit visita — (kwo) visit visiter — (kwo) visitor, guest ---- viskose — (kwel) viscous, viscid ---- visok — (kwo) temple (part of head) ---- viti — (zwo) twine (encircle or coil around, esp. about vines; go in a winding course (Syn.: serpi)) barana bin viti-ney bay grinka — the fence was twined with greenery ruchey kel viti tra shulin — a stream twining through the forest vitiplanta — (kwo) vine, twiner, climber ---- viva — (exklami) long live! ---- vodka — (kwo) vodka ---- vokala — (kwo) vowel ---- vokasion — (kwo) vocation, calling ---- voki — (zwo) call, summon, ask to come oni voki lu a telefon — they called him to the telephone ela voki helpa — she called for help voka — (kwo) call, summons ---- voleibol — (kwo) volleyball ---- voli — (zwo) will, exercise volition voli-shem — (komo) voluntarily voler — (kwo) volunteer vola — (kwo) will, volition vola-forsa — strength of will sin vola — involuntarily, unwittingly sinvola-ney (sinvole) — (kwel) involuntary sinvolem — (komo) involuntarily, unwittingly ---- volta — (kwo) volt (unit of measure) sto volta — one hundred volts shi kilovolta — ten kilovolts sit-volta-ney lampa — a six volt lamp ---- volum — (kwo) volume segun ke presa fa-syao, volum fa-gran — volume increases as the pressure decreases ---- volupta — (kwo) voluptuousness volupta-ney (volupte) — (kwel) voluptuous ---- volvi — (zwo) roll (up), form into spherical or cylindrical body, curl up, coil up volvi-ney serpenta — a coiled serpent volvi swa inu tuan — roll oneself up into a ball devolvi — (zwo) unroll, uncurl ---- vomi — (zwo) vomit voma — (kwo) vomit ---- vos — (kwo) voice (cf. "vota") laute vos — loud voice un-vos-nem — unanimously ---- vota — (kwo) vote (expression of preference) maiste vota — majority of votes voti — (zwo) vote voting — (kwo) voting, poll, vote ---- vual — (kwo) veil ---- vulgare — (kwo) vulgar, smutty ---- vulkan — (kwo) volcano vulkanike — (kwel) volcanic ---- vulva — (kwo) vulva ---- wadi — (zwo) promise wada — (kwo) promise ---- wahta — (kwo) watch (the post or period of duty of a guard, sentinel, or watcher) wahti — (zwo) watch (keep a watchful eye on; guard) wahti kinda — watch the kids Wahti ba may bavul idyen, me lai tuy. — Watch my suitcase, I’ll be back in a minute. wahting — (kwo) watch (act or process) wahter — (kwo) sentinel, watchman ---- waipi — (zwo) wipe, dry ---- walaa — (exklami) here is/are Walaa nu! — Here we are! ---- wan — (inplas-kwo) an individual, one pyan wan — (someone who is) drunk Wan kel jan, ta bu shwo. – He who knows, he doesn’t speak (the one who knows, doesn’t speak) koywan — someone nulwan — nobody eniwan — anybody, anyone, any (person) kadawan — everyone ---- wandi — (zwo) wander, roam, ramble wanda — (kwo) wander, ramble, roam, travel, excursion ---- wanga — (kwo) cheek (the fleshy part of either side of the face) wangaruda — (kwo) redness in one’s cheeks, (high) colour, flush, blush wanga-osta — (kwo) cheek-bone wanga-har — (kwo) whiskers, sidewhiskers ---- warme — (kwel) warm warmifi (fa-warme) — (zwo) get warm, warm up, grow warm warmisi (mah-warme) — (zwo) warm, make warm warmish — (kwel) lukewarm, tepid warmitaa — (kwo) warmth trawarmi — (zwo) warm through ---- warni — (zwo) warn (om koysa — of smth) warna — (kwo) warning ---- wat — (kwo) watt sto wat — one hundred watts tri megawat — three megawatts ---- watwat — (kwo) bat (flying mammal) ---- wau — (exklami) wow (expresses excitement or amazement) ---- wauki — (zwo) bark (about dogs) wauka — (kwo) bark, barking, bay, yap ---- waxa — (kwo) wax (but not cerumen — cf. “aurganda”) ---- way — (kwesti) why Way yu bu jawabi? — Why don’t you answer? waynik — (kwo) why-boy, why-girl ---- web — (kwo) the World Wide Web ---- weba — (kwo) web (cobweb) webi — (zwo) web weben bay dine hema-vasa — webbed by thin blood vessels ---- weiti — (zwo) wait, wait for weiti ba til ke me lai — wait until I come weiti-pai koysa — obtain smth by waiting, live to see a time when longem-weiten — long-awaited weita, weiting — (kwo) waiting, wait weitisala — (kwo) waiting room ---- wek — 1) (loko-komo) away, off Go wek! — Go away! May tren es yo wek. — My train is away already. mah-wek — (zwo) get rid of, do away with, expel, drive away fa-wek — (zwo) vanish 2) (exklami) “Start! Go!” Un, dwa, tri, wek! — One, two, three, go! wekika — (kwo) refuse, waste, trash ---- wekgoni — (zwo) chase away, drive away ---- weklansi — (zwo) throw away, throw out ---- weklasi — (zwo) let go, let off, release (Origin: wek+lasi) ---- weksheiki — (zwo) shake off (remove by shaking) ---- wektaimi — (zwo) become outdated, obsolete wektaimi-ney (wektaimen) — (kwel) outdated, obsolete (Origin: wek+taim+i) ---- wekturni — (zwo) turn away (avert) ---- wel — (exklami) well, now then Wel, e poy? – Well, what next? Wel, wel... me bu jan kwo shwo. — Well, well... I don't know what to say. ---- wen — (kwesti) when Wen yu lai? — When are you coming? ---- westa — (kwo) west westa(-ney) — (kwel) west(ern), westerly; occidental weste feng — west wind westen — (konekti-komo) to the west, west of urba es westen — the town is to the west westen urba ye shulin — forest is west of the town ---- widuwa — (kwo) widow/widower widuwo — (kwo) widower widuwina — (kwo) widow ---- wik — (kwo) week kada wik — every week lai-she wik — next week wikfin — weekend ---- winda — (kwo) window windakin — (kwo) small window; small opening window pane winda-planka — (kwo) windowsill ---- wisli — (zwo) whistle wisla — (kwo) whistle (act; sound) wislika — (kwo) whistle (device) ---- wit — (kwo) wheat witfarina — wheat flour ---- wo — (kwesti) where Wo yu es? Me bu vidi yu. — Where are you? I don't see you. a wo — where, which way A wo yu go? — Where are you going? fon wo — where from Fon wo yu go? — Where are you going from? ---- wolba — (kwo) vault ---- worda — (kwo) word pa otre worda — in other words wordi — (zwo) word wordamenga — (kwo) verbiage, verbosity ---- woshi — (zwo) wash woshi bartan — wash up (to clean the utensils, dishes etc.) woshi swa — (zwo) wash oneself woshing — (kwo) wash, washing, laundering; ablution woshi-mashina, wosher — (kwo) washing machine, washer woshi-stanka — (kwo) washstand ---- wud — (gramatika) «would» (conditional marker) me wud yao — I’d like to ta wud zwo to si ta wud mog — he/she would do it if he/she could (May be shortened to 'd: Me'd yao. = Me wud yao.) ---- wulfa — (kwo) wolf wulfa wuli an luna — wolf howls at the moon wulfo — (kwo) he-wolf wulfina — (kwo) she-wolf yunwulfa — (kwo) wolf cub ---- wuli — (zwo) howl wula — (kwo) howl ---- wundi — (zwo) wound, injure wunda — (kwo) wound, injury wundibile — (kwel) vulnerable ---- wurma — (kwo) worm ---- wuya — (kwo) crow (bird) ---- xilofon — (kwo) xylophone ---- ya — 1) (exklami) yes oo ya! — oh yes! ya-ney — (kwel) affirmative 2) (gramatika) "you see", "really" (emphatic particle) Ela es ya muy jamile. – She is so beautiful. Me es ya rega! – I am the king, after all! Lu es ya experta. — He is an expert, you see. Yu jan ya ke me bu pri fish. – But you know that I don't like fish. Ya munda es gro-jamile! – What a beautiful world! Es ya gro-gao baum! – This tree is so big! ---- yabla — (kwo) apple ---- yak — (kwo) yak ---- yama — (kwo) pit (a hole in the ground); cavity ta he kavi un yama — he/she dug a pit yamakin — (kwo) dimple ---- yan — (kwo) sheep man-yan — (kwo) ram gin-yan — (kwo) ewe yunyan — (kwo) lamb yanmasu — (kwo) mutton yangurta — (kwo) herd of sheep ---- yanmay — (kwo) oats ---- yanza — (kwo) swallow (bird) ---- yao — (sta) want, wish (cf. “tamani”) Kwo yu yao? — What do you want? Me yao aiskrem. — I want ice-cream. Me wud yao safari kun yu. — I would like to go to the trip with you. sin yao, sin yaosa — unwillingly al yao — at will yaosa — (kwo) desire, wish yao-shem — (komo) willingly noyao-shem — (komo) unwillingly, reluctantly ---- yar — (kwo) year Hao nove yar! — Happy New Year! muchoyar-ney — (kwel) multiyear yar-ney, kadayar-ney — (kwel) annual, yearly yardey — (kwo) anniversary ---- yarda — (kwo) yard (unit of length or volume) ---- yarke — (kwel) bright; vivid yarke sonja — vivid dream yarkem — (komo) brightly; vividly yarkitaa — (kwo) brightness; vividness ---- yaruga — (kwo) ravine ---- yasen — (kwo) ash-tree ---- yash — (kwo) age (stage/time or duration of life) zuy yash-ney brata — senior brother yashi — (zwo) age (intr.) yashing — (kwo) ageing yashi-ney (yashen) — (kwel) aged, elderly ---- yashma — (kwo) jasper ---- yasmin — (kwo) jasmine ---- yatima — (kwo) orphan ---- ye — (gramatika) there is/are, available (cf. "yok") Hir ye mucho flor. — There is a lot of flowers here. Mani ye? — Is there any money available? Do you have money? Kwo ye? — What's up? What is the matter? Bu ye toy yash. — No longer of that age. ---- yedoh — (komo) however, nevertheless, yet ---- yel — (kwo) spruce ---- yema — (kwo) bud, gemma ---- yen — (gramatika) «-ing» (verbal adverb marker) Lu zai sidi kan-yen ela e audi-yen to ke ela shwo. — He is sitting looking at her and listening to what she says. ---- yeri — (taim-komo) yesterday Yeri me bu lekti, me lekti manya. — I didn't read yesterday, I shall read tomorrow. preyeri — (taim-komo) the day before yesterday ---- yeroshi — (zwo) tousle, dishevel, ruffle yeroshi-ney — dishevelled, tousled ---- yo — (taim-komo) already Me es yo pa dom. — I am already at home. Se bin klare yo yeri. — It's been clear already yesterday. ---- yoda — (kwo) iodine ---- yogur — (kwo) yoghurt ---- yoja — (kwo) hedgehog (small mammal with spiny back) ---- yok — (gramatika) there is no, not available, no (cf. "ye") Oni bu mog buli makaron: kukipot yok, agni yok; pa fakta, makaron toshi yok. — One can't boil macaroni: there is no saucepan, no fire; in fact, there is no macaroni either. Problema yok! — No problem! fa-yok — (zwo) disappear, vanish yoksa — (kwo) absence, lack mani-yoksa — want of money, penury ---- yoksuni — (zwo) deprive, bereave yoksuni koywan de koysa — bereave smb of smth fa-yoksuni — (zwo) lose, be deprived fa-yoksuni de koysa — lose/be deprived of smth yoksuna — (kwo) deprivation ---- yorsi — (zwo) fidget, move restlessly ---- yoshi — (komo) in addition, also, moreover (cf. "toshi") Me pri gani e dansi. Yoshi me pri rasmi. — I like to sing and dance. Also I like to draw. Yoshi treba shwo ke... — Also, one should say that... Yu mog lekti e yoshi kan pikturas. — You can read and also look at the pictures. yoshi pyu — still more yoshi pyu gao — still/even higher yoshi un ves — once again Yoshi! — Oh yes, by the way! ---- yota — (kwo) iota, jot ---- yu — (inplas-kwo) you (sg., pl.) Me inviti yu oli. — I invite all of you. yu-ney, yur — (inplas-kwel) your (sg., pl.) Walaa yur kalam. — Here is your pen. Sey kalam es yu-ney, bu lu-ney. — This pen is yours, not his. ---- yuan — (kwo) member (a part of a whole; one who belongs to a group or organization — cf. "memba"); employee, worker, staff member yuantot — (kwo) personnel (syao) « member of»; «staff member performing a function connected with» armeeyuan — (kwo) military man, serviceman bankayuan — (kwo) bank clerk domyuan — (kwo) member of household dwaryuan — (kwo) doorkeeper, doorman gardiyuan — (kwo) guard (a person who guards) gasyuan — (kwo) gasman kafeeyuan — (kwo) coffee house worker partiayuan — (kwo) party member polisyuan — (kwo) policeman preiyuan — (kwo) priest radioyuan — (kwo) radio/wireless operator trenyuan — (kwo) conductor (in a train) ko-yuan — (kwo) fellow member, fellow worker ---- yubila — (kwo) jubilee, anniversary yubiler — (kwo) person whose anniversary / jubilee is celebrated ---- yul — (kwo) Yule ---- yuli — (kwo) July (also mes-sem) ---- yuma — (kwo) humour yuma senta — sense of humour yumanik — (kwo) humourist yuma-rakonta — (kwo) humorous story ---- yunda — (kwo) (smoothing) iron yundi — (zwo) iron, press ---- yunge — (kwel) young yungitaa — (kwo) youth (period, condition or quality) yunga — (kwo) young man/woman yungo — (kwo) young man yungina — (kwo) young woman yunge jenta — (kwo) young people, youth yungifi (fa-yunge) — (zwo) become younger yungisi (mah-yunge) — (zwo) make (look) younger ---- yuni — (kwo) June (also mes-sit) ---- yur — (inplas-kwel) your (sg., pl.) ---- yurta — (kwo) yurta, yurt, ger ---- yus — (komo) just (precisely, exactly) yus kontra-nem — just the other way round yus tanto kwanto treba — just as much as needed yus to ke me nidi — just what I need yus pa sey plasa — at this very place (gramatika) «just, only a moment ago» (immediate past marker) Lu yus he lopi wek. — He has just run away. ---- yusi — (zwo) use (put into service, apply, exploit) hao-yusi-ke — handy yusa, yusing — (kwo) use, usage, application yuser — (kwo) user yusibile — (kwel) usable yusi-ney (yusen) — (kwel) used; second-hand ---- yuwel — (kwo) jewel, gem, precious stone yuwelka — (kwo) jewel (piece of jewellery) yuweler — (kwo) jeweller yuwelguan — (kwo) jeweller's ---- zai — (gramatika) «be doing» (progressive tense marker) Bu distrakti me: me zai gun. — Don't distract me: I am working. ---- zaruu — (komo) without fail, certainly ---- zebra — (kwo) zebra ---- zen — (kwo) Zen ---- zian — (kwo) sword ziandan — (kwo) scabbard, sheath ---- zide — (kwel) pertinacious, stubborn, obstinate ---- zigzaga — (kwo) zigzag zigzagi — (zwo) zigzag ---- zin — (zwo) enter, go in, come into; join, matriculate zin shamba — enter the room zin kluba — join a club zin tren — board a train zin bus — get on a bus zinsa — (kwo) entry, entrance zindwar e chudwar — entrance door and exit door ---- zink — (kwo) zinc zinki — (zwo) zinc zinking — (kwo) zincing ---- zipi — (zwo) zip (fasten by zipper) ziper — (kwo) zipper ---- zitay — (kwo) bearing, demeanor ---- zodiak — (kwo) zodiac zodiak signa — signs of the zodiac ---- zona — (kwo) zone (area, region) ---- zoo — (kwo; syao) zoo zoologia — (kwo) zoology ---- zudi — (zwo) itch zuda — (kwo) itch ---- zumbi — (zwo) buzz, hum, drone; whizz ---- zun — (zwo) concern oneself with, give one’s time to, devote oneself to, occupy oneself ta zun musika — she occupies herself with music, she goes in for music nu zun sey problema yo dwa yar — we concern ourselves with this problem for two years already zunsa — (kwo) occupation (activity) ---- zuy — (gramatika-komo) most; most of all Ela es zuy jamile. — She is the most beautiful. Ela gani zuy hao. — She sings best. Me pri ela zuy. — I like her most of all. zuy-ney — (kwel) utmost ---- zwo — (zwo) do, make Treba zwo to. — It is necessary to do that. Zwo ba! — Do! Me bu ve zwo to. — I won't do that. Me zai zwo to. — I am doing it. Sey gunsa gei zwo. — This work is being done. Me he yo zwo to. — I have already done it. Olo es yo zwo-ney. — Everything is already done. [[Category:Lingwa de Planeta pa inglish]]

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