Gramatika pa inglish
(→4. Prepositions of situation) |
(→Conjunctions) |
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- ''shwo (to say, to talk) pa ruski (Russian) – to speak Russian'' | - ''shwo (to say, to talk) pa ruski (Russian) – to speak Russian'' | ||
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== Conjunctions == | == Conjunctions == | ||
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1. Conjunctions unite: either words of the same class or whole clauses. | 1. Conjunctions unite: either words of the same class or whole clauses. | ||
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1.1. simple: | 1.1. simple: | ||
| − | a) combination: e (and) | + | a) combination: '''e''' (and) |
| − | + | - ''me (I) e yu (you) – me and you'' | |
| − | + | - ''Me (I) janmog (to know how) rasmi (to draw) e gani (to sing). – I can draw and sing.'' | |
| − | b) contrasting: bat (but) | + | b) contrasting: '''bat''' (but) |
| − | + | -'' Me (I) janmog (to know how) rasmi (to draw), bat me (I) bu (not) janmog (to know how) gani (to sing). – I can draw, but I can't sing.'' | |
| − | c) alternative: o (oda) (or) | + | c) alternative: '''o''' (oda) (or) |
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| + | - ''Pren (to take) sey (this) kitaba (book) o toy-la (that one). – Take this book or that one.'' | ||
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1.2. doubled: | 1.2. doubled: | ||
| − | a) both...and: i | + | a) both...and: '''i .. i''': ''Me (I) lubi (to love) i yu (you) i ela (she). – I love both you and her.'' |
| − | + | b) neither... nor: '''ni .. ni''': ''Me (I) bu (not) yao (to want) vidi (to see) li (they), ni lu (he) ni ela (she). – I don't want to see them, neither him nor her.'' | |
| − | + | c) either... or: '''oda .. oda''': ''Nu (we) sal (to be going to) hev (to have) oda son (son) oda docha (daughter). – We are going to have either a son or a daughter.'' | |
| − | + | d) '''nau .. nau''': ''Ta (he / she) shwo (to say, to talk) nau lautem (loudly), nau kyetem (quietly). - He / She is talking now loudly, now quietly.'' | |
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1.3. phrasal: | 1.3. phrasal: | ||
| − | a) condition: si | + | a) condition: '''si''': ''Me (I) lai (to come) si yu (you) yao (to want). – I will come if you want.'' |
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| − | + | b) concession: '''obwol''': ''Ta (he / she) bu (not) lai (to come) obwol me (I) he ("past tense") pregi (to ask for). – He/she didn't come, though I had asked (her to come).'' | |
| − | + | c) purpose: '''dabe''': ''Me (I) shwo (to say, to talk) dabe yu (you) samaji (to understand) me (I). – I speak so that you understand me.'' | |
| − | + | d) cause: '''bikos''' (because), '''sikom''' (as, for) | |
| − | + | - ''Me (I) lai (to come) bikos yu (you) pregi (to ask for). – I come because you asks (for it).'' | |
| − | + | - ''Sikom yu (you) bu (not) pregi (to ask for), me (I) bu (not) ve ("future tense") lai (to come). – As you don't ask (for it), I won't come.'' | |
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| + | e) sudden circumstance: '''ewalaa''' | ||
| + | - ''Me (I) zai ("continuous marker") somni (to sleep) ewalaa baji (to ring) gro (much). – I'm sleeping, and suddenly it rings a lot.'' | ||
| + | f) opposition: '''yedoh''' | ||
| + | - ''Me (I) koni (to know, to be acquainted) yu (you) yedoh me (I) bu (not) koni (to know, to be acquainted) yur (your) sista (sister). – I know you, however I don't know your sister.'' | ||
== Numerals == | == Numerals == | ||
